PVGIS 5.2 HELU KULA PANEL

Paipai mākou iā ʻoe ʻaʻole e hoʻololi i kēia code kala.

Paipai mākou e mālama i ka waihona paʻamau i hoʻoholo ʻia e PVGIS.

Ma ka paʻamau, PVGIS hāʻawi i nā panela lā i hana ʻia me nā ʻili silika crystalline. Hoʻopili kēia mau paneli lā i ka hapa nui o ka ʻenehana panel solar i hoʻokomo ʻia ma luna o ka hale. PVGIS ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā cell polycrystalline a me nā monocrystalline.

ʻO ka hana o nā modula photovoltaic e pili ana i ka mahana, ka ʻāʻī o ka lā, a me ke kiko o ka lā. Eia naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka hilinaʻi pololei ma waena o nā ʻano modula photovoltaic.
I kēia manawa, hiki iā mākou ke koho i nā poho ma muli o ka wela a me nā hopena irradiance no kēia mau ʻano modula:

• ʻO nā pūnaewele silika crystalline
• Nā modula kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi i hana ʻia mai CIS a i ʻole CIGS
• Nā modula kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi i hana ʻia mai ka cadmium telluride (CdTe)

No nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻenehana amorphous, ʻaʻole hiki ke helu ʻia kēia hoʻoponopono ma aneʻi.

Inā koho ʻoe i kekahi o nā koho mua ʻekolu ma aneʻi, e noʻonoʻo ka helu hana i ka hilinaʻi wela o ka ʻenehana i koho ʻia. Inā koho ʻoe i kahi koho ʻē aʻe ('ē aʻe/ʻike ʻole ʻia), e manaʻo ʻia ka helu ʻana he 8% ka nalowale o ka mana ma muli o nā hopena wela (kahi waiwai maʻamau i ʻike ʻia he kūpono no nā piʻi wela).

E hoʻomaopopo i ka helu ʻana o ka hopena spectral variations 'i kēia manawa wale nō no ka crystalline silicon a me CdTe. ʻAʻole hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka hopena spectral no nā wahi i uhi ʻia e ka PVGIS-NSRDB waihona.

Monocrystalline a i ʻole Polycrystalline?
Hoʻokumu ʻia ke silika monocrystalline me kahi aniani silika hoʻokahi, no ka mea, hana ʻia ia mai kahi ingot i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Hoʻokumu ʻia ke silikona polycrystalline me kahi mosaic o nā kristal silika (ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻohana ʻia ke koena monocrystalline silicon no ka hana ʻana i ke silika polycrystalline).

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā panela solar monocrystalline i kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā panela polycrystalline, ma kahi o 1 a 3%.

Hiki i nā panela lā monocrystalline ke hana i ka uila ma mua o ka polycrystalline no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopu ʻana i ka lā, ʻoiai me ka radiation diffuse. No laila, kūpono lākou i nā wahi me ka liʻiliʻi o ka lā o ka lā, e like me nā temperate zones.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā panela solar polycrystalline ma nā wahi lā a wela.

E ʻoluʻolu e hāʻawi i ka mana piha o nā panela i hoʻokomo ʻia i kilowatts. No ka laʻana, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe he 9 panels me ka mana o 500 Watts, e komo ʻoe i 4.5. (9 panels x 500 Watts = 4500 Watts, ʻo ia ka 4.5 kilowatts)

ʻO kēia ka mana a ka mea hana e haʻi aku ai i ka ʻōnaehana photovoltaic hiki ke hana ma lalo o nā kūlana hoʻāʻo maʻamau, ʻo ia hoʻi ka irradiance o ka lā mau o 1000 W i kēlā me kēia mika square i ka mokulele o ka ʻōnaehana, ma kahi mahana o 25 °C. Pono e hoʻokomo ʻia ka mana kiʻekiʻe i ka kilowatt-peak (kWp).

PVGIS hāʻawi i ka waiwai paʻamau o 14% no nā poho holoʻokoʻa ma ka ʻōnaehana hana uila o ka lā. Inā he manaʻo maikaʻi kāu e ʻokoʻa ana kāu waiwai (ma muli paha o kahi inverter maikaʻi loa), hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻemi iki i kēia waiwai.

ʻO nā poho i manaʻo ʻia o ka ʻōnaehana e hoʻopili i nā poho a pau i loko o ka ʻōnaehana, ʻo ka hopena o ka ikehu maoli i hāʻawi ʻia i ka pā uila e emi iho ma mua o ka ikehu i hana ʻia e nā modula photovoltaic.

Aia kekahi mau mea e pili ana i kēia mau poho, e like me nā poho o ke kaula, nā inverters, ka lepo (i kekahi manawa ka hau) ma nā modules, etc.

I loko o nā makahiki, e lilo ana nā modules i kahi liʻiliʻi o ko lākou mana, no laila ʻo ka awelika o ka hana makahiki ma luna o ke ola o ka ʻōnaehana e lilo i mau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka hana ʻana i nā makahiki mua.

ʻElua mau mea hiki ke hoʻokomo: Kūʻokoʻa/On-Top Installation: Hoʻokomo ʻia nā modula ma luna o kahi pā me ka ea holo manuahi ma hope o lākou.

Hoʻohui ʻia o ka Hale/Hula: Hoʻohui piha ʻia nā modula i ke ʻano o ka pā hale a i ʻole ka hale, me ka liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻole ʻole o ka ea ma hope o nā modules.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hale kūkulu hale i kēia manawa ma luna o nā mea hoʻonohonoho.

No nā ʻōnaehana paʻa (me ka ʻole o ka nānā ʻana), ʻo ke ʻano o ke kau ʻana o nā modules e hoʻopili i ka mahana o ka module, a ma ia mea, pili i ka pono. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua inā kaupalena ka neʻe ʻana o ka ea ma hope o nā modules, hiki ke ʻoi aku ka mahana o nā modules (a hiki i 15°C ma 1000 W/m2 ka lā).

Hāʻule kekahi mau ʻano kau ma waena o kēia mau kiʻekiʻe ʻelua. No ka laʻana, inā kau ʻia nā modula ma luna o ka hale me nā tile curved, e ʻae ana i ka ea e neʻe ma hope o nā modules. Ma ia mau hihia, aia ka hana ma waena o nā hopena o nā helu ʻelua i hiki ma aneʻi. No ka conservative i ia mau hihia, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke koho hale-hoʻohui / hoʻohui ʻia.

Ua ʻike ʻoe i ke kihi hiʻi o kou kaupaku sloped; e ʻoluʻolu e hāʻawi i ka ʻike ma kēia kihi.

Pili kēia i ke kihi o nā modula photovoltaic e pili ana i ka mokulele ākea, no kahi hoʻonohonoho paʻa (me ka ʻole o ka nānā ʻana).

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka manawa kūpono e koho ai i ke kihi tilt o kāu ʻōnaehana kau ʻana no kāu hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka lā, inā paha ma ka hale paʻa a i ʻole ma ka honua (papa paʻa), e nānā ʻoe i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana.

Ua kamaʻāina ʻoe i ka azimuth a i ʻole ke kuhikuhi ʻana o kou hale sloped; e ʻoluʻolu e hāʻawi i ka ʻike e pili ana i kēia azimuth penei.

ʻO ka azimuth, a i ʻole orientation, ʻo ia ke kihi o nā modula photovoltaic e pili ana i ke kuhikuhi:

• HEMA 0°
• AKAU 180°
• HIKINA - 90°
• KOMOHANA 90°
• KOMOHANA HEMA 45°
• HIKINA HEMA - 45°
• KOMOHANA Akau 135°
• HIKINA AKAU - 135°

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka manawa e koho ai i ka azimuth a i ʻole ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kāu ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho no kāu hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka lā, inā paha ma luna o ka hale paʻa a i ʻole ma ka honua (papa paʻa), e nānā ʻoe i ka optimization o ke kihi a me ka azimuth.

He koho pili loa kēia no ka helu ʻana i ke kumukūʻai o kWh i hana ʻia. ʻAʻohe hopena o kēia koho i ka helu ʻana o ka uila, a e like me kekahi koho, ʻaʻole ia he koi.

ʻAʻole noʻonoʻo ke kumukūʻai i helu ʻia o ka kWh i nā kumukūʻai mālama, ʻinikua, a me nā kumu hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke kumu o PVGIS ʻo ka helu ʻana o ka hana ʻana o kāu ʻōnaehana photovoltaic e pili ana i kou wahi kikoʻī a me ka ʻike hoʻonohonoho.

Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa iā ʻoe ke koho e helu, e pili ana i ka manaʻo hoʻohua uila, ke kumukūʻai o ka uila photovoltaic no kWh.

• Kumukuai o ka Pūnaehana Photovoltaic: Maʻaneʻi, ponoʻoe e hoʻokomo i ke kumukūʻai hoʻokomo o ka pūnaewele photovoltaic, me nā mea photovoltaic (photovoltaic modules, mounting, inverters, cables, etc.) a me nā kumukūʻai hoʻokomo (hoʻolālā, hoʻonohonoho, ...). ʻO ke koho kālā iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo; ke kumukūʻai uila i helu ʻia e PVGIS ʻo ia ke kumukūʻai no kWh o ka uila ma ke kālā like āu i hoʻohana ai.

• ka uku panee: ʻO kēia ka uku pānaʻi āu e uku ai ma nā hōʻaiʻē āpau e pono ai ke kālā i ka ʻōnaehana photovoltaic. Manaʻo kēia i ka uku paneʻe paʻa ma ka hōʻaiʻē e uku ʻia ma o nā uku makahiki ma luna o ke ola o ka ʻōnaehana. E hoʻokomo i ka 0 inā he kālā kālā, ʻaʻohe hōʻaiʻē.

• Pūnaehana Photovoltaic ola: ʻO kēia ke ola i manaʻo ʻia o ka ʻōnaehana photovoltaic i nā makahiki. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia no ka helu ʻana i ke kumukūʻai kūpono o ka uila no ka ʻōnaehana. Inā lōʻihi ka ʻōnaehana photovoltaic, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai o ka uila. ʻO nā ʻaelike kūʻai mana me nā grids maʻamau no 20 mau makahiki. Manaʻo mākou e koho i kēia lōʻihi i ʻike e pili ana i ke ola o ka ʻōnaehana.

Kaomi e nānā i nā hopena ma ka pale.

E nānā i nā hopena

Ka laʻana o ka hana ʻana o ka lā i kēlā me kēia mahina.

E nānā i nā hopena

ʻO ka hopena o ka helu ʻana i ka ikehu photovoltaic ʻo ia ka awelika o ka ikehu o kēlā me kēia mahina a me ka awelika hana makahiki e ka ʻōnaehana photovoltaic me nā waiwai āu i koho ai.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o kēlā me kēia makahiki ka ʻokoʻa maʻamau o nā koina makahiki i helu ʻia ma luna o ka manawa i uhi ʻia e ka ʻikepili pāhawewe lā i koho ʻia.

Hoʻopuka PV

Hoʻoulaula

E hoʻokuʻu aku i PDF o nā hopena o kāu simulation o ka hana ʻana o kāu ʻōnaehana photovoltaic pili pūnaewele.

Ma ke kaomi ʻana i ka PDF, hoʻoiho ʻoe i kāu simulation.

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