Menene masana'antar hasken rana?
Masana'antar hasken rana Solar wani tsari ne mai rikitarwa wanda ya canza makamashi na rana a cikin wutar lantarki.
Wannan canjin yana faruwa ta hanyar tasirin hoto, an gano shi a cikin 1839 ta Alexandre Edmond Vecleler, wanda
Yana kunna sel hasken rana don samar da yanayin lantarki lokacin da fallasa zuwa haske.
Da hasken rana masana'antar masana'antar masana'antu ya shafi matakai masu mahimmanci, daga raw silicon
Hadawa zuwa shigarwa ta ƙarshe na hoto na hoto akan huhu ko a cikin tsire-tsire na hasken rana.
HUKUNCIN 7 NA FARKO
1. Hakar silicon da tsarkakewa
Na farko Mataki a fagen shaye shaye Ya fara da cire silicon daga yashi na quartz (Sio₂).
Asusun silicon na kusan 90% na sel na yanzuvoltanic sel na yanzu.
Tsarin tsarkakewa:
- Raguwar ma'adanan a cikin murfin wutar lantarki da karfe 3,632°F (2,000°C)
- Samar da silikal silikal (98% tsarkakakke)
- Tsabtacewar sunadarai ta hanyar Siemens tsari don cimma nasarar 99.9999% tsarkakakke
- Samar da silin-aji silicon
Wannan matakin ya cinye mafi yawan ƙarfi, yana wakiltar kusan kashi 45% na jimlar takalmin carbon na rana.
2. Kirkirar lu'ulu'u na Silicon
Da zarar an yi tsarkaka, silicon ya narke kuma ya fashe da kuka don samar da gyaran kwamfuta (Monocrystalline) ko tubalan murabba'i
(polycrystalline).
Hanyoyi biyu:
- Hanyar czochralski: Yana samar da silicon na monocrystalline tare da babban aiki (20-22%)
- Hanyar jefa: Kashe polycrystalline silicon, ƙasa da tsada amma tare da ƙananan inganci
(15-17%)
3. Secafing walafing
Ana yankewa manyas a cikin sahihan ramin da ake kira wafers ta amfani da diamond waya saws. Wannan
Matsayi na masana'antu Yana ƙayyade lokacin farin ciki na ƙwayoyin Photovoltanic.
Halayen Wafer:
- Kauri: 180 zuwa 200 microomita
- Alamar kayan aiki: kusan 50% yayin yankan
- An goge shi da matattara don inganta karin haske
4. SOLAR SOLAR
Wannan matakin ya canza wa WAFER zuwa cikin sel mai aiki da zai iya samar da wutar lantarki.
Tsarin Doping:
- P-nau'in doping: kara boron don ƙirƙirar caji mai kyau
- N-nau'in doping: hade da phosphorus don cajin mara kyau
- Samuwar PN-Junction, Zuciyar Photovoltaic tasirin
Dingara lambobin lantarki:
- Bugawar allo na Pinetes (azurfa, aluminum)
- Zazzabi mai girma zuwa Fuse Lambobin sadarwa
- Gwajin lantarki na kowane sel
5. Module Module Majalisar
Sel mutum suna tattare da tsari Cikakken bangarorin hasken rana.
Tsarin Module:
- Tatsar da Gilashin Gilashin (Gashin gaba)
- Eva (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) Ellopsulant
- Kwayoyin Photovoltanic
- Karo Mai Kariya (fuskar baya)
- Zangon aluminum don tsauri
Na kwanan nan Sabis a cikin Panel
masana'antu sun hada da Fasaha da Kungiyar Heterojunction, suna ba da ingancin tasiri sun wuce 23%.
6. Gwajin inganci da takaddun shaida
Kowane katako na hasken rana Gwajin gwaji Don tabbatar da aikin aiki da karko:
- Gwajin wuta a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwajin daidaitaccen abu (STC)
- Gwajin rufin lantarki
- Gwajin Designational Gwaji
- Takaddun Kasa da Kasa (IEC 61215, IEC 61730)
7. Shigarwa da Kwamfiyoyi
Mataki na ƙarshe ya ƙunshi shigar da bangarori a shafinsu na zuwa:
Shigarwa na mazaunin:
- Nazarin yiwuwar amfani da kayan aiki kamarPVGIS24
- Rufin ko ƙasa
- Haɗin lantarki da kwamiti
Shigarwa na kasuwanci:
- Babban-sikelin hasken rana tsire-tsire
- Grid Haɗin Grid
- Tsarin Kulawa na gaba
Fasahar da ke faruwa a cikin hasken rana
Kwayoyin perovskite
Kwayoyin perovskite wakiltar makomar Photovoltaic tare da ka'idar
Ka'idodin 8% a cikin tsarin Tandem.
Kwayoyin Bifacal
Waɗannan sel selled haske a garesu, ƙara samar da makamashi ta 10 zuwa 30% dangane da yanayin.
Na bakin ciki-fim samar
Madadin ga silicon silicon, wannan fasaha tana amfani da kayan ƙasa da ƙarancin abu yayin riƙe da kyau
Inganci.
Tasirin muhalli da dorewa
Sosar hasken rana na zamani ya haɗa da damuwar muhalli. Da tasirin muhalli na hasken rana
kuzari ya ci gaba da rage godiya ga cigaba da fasaha.
Lokacin biyan kuɗi: Kwallan hasken rana yana batar da makamashi da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin kera a cikin 1 zuwa 4
Shekaru, don kasancewa cikin shekaru 25 zuwa 30.
SOLAR Panel recycling
soscions Har ila yau, suna da mahimmanci, tare da shirye-shiryen sake girke-girke suna ba da 95% na kayan.
Inganta aikin hasken rana
Don girman shi da kyau, yi amfani da PVGIS kalaman hasken rana wanda ke la'akari da lissafi:
- Solar iska a cikin yankinku
- Mafi kyau duka daidaituwa da karkatarwa
- Mai yiwuwa shading da cikas
- Abun samar da makamashi
Da PVGIS Siminti Simulator Hakanan yana taimaka muku
kimanta riba na jaridar daukar hoto.
Nan gaba game da samar da hasken rana
Matakan masana'antar hoto Ci gaba da canzawa tare da:
- Kara sarrafa kayan aiki
- Rage farashin masana'antu
- Inganta samar da makamashi
- Haɗin kai na sirri don ingantawa
Gwada samarwa daban-daban
hanya ya nuna cewa silicon silicon ya wanzu, amma madadin fasahar suna samun
ƙasa.
Tambayoyi Na yau da kullun game da Solar Production
Yaya tsawon lokacin da ya ɗauka don ƙirƙirar katako na rana?
Cikakkar masana'antar hasken rana, daga hakar silicon zuwa samfurin da aka gama, yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni biyu zuwa 4.
Koyaya, idan an haɗa tsarkakakken silicon, tsari na iya fadada watanni da yawa.
Menene banbanci tsakanin ƙwayoyin monocrystalline da sel polycrystalline?
Kwayoyin monocrystalline suna ba da ƙarfi sosai (20-22%) kuma mafi kyawun ƙarancin haske amma sun fi tsada.
Kwayoyin polycrystalline suna da ƙarancin tsada tare da ƙari 15% amma na buƙatar ƙarin sarari iri ɗaya.
Nawa makamashi ake bukata don samar da wani kwamitin hasken rana?
Ma'addamar da Panel 300w hasken rana yana buƙatar kusan 200-400 KWH na makamashi, galibi don tsarkakawar silicon.
Wannan makamashi shine kashe a cikin shekaru 1-4 na amfani gwargwadon yankin shigarwa.
Sune bangarorin hasken rana?
Haka ne, bangarorin hasken rana sune 95% sake dubawa. Gilashin, aluminium, da silicon ana iya dawo dasu da kuma sake amfani. Sake sarrafawa
Kayan aiki suna bunkasa a duk duniya don aiwatar da bangarori na farko na ƙarshen rayuwa.
Menene Rayin Mutuwa na Sollar?
Kwamitin hasken rana yana da na tsawon shekaru 25 zuwa 30 tare da garanti yawanci yana tabbatar da 80% na farko
iko bayan shekaru 25. Wasu bangarori na iya ci gaba da aiki fiye da shekaru 30 tare da lalacewar hankali.
Ta yaya ake sarrafa ingancin yayin samarwa?
Kowane matakin samarwa ya haɗa da iko mai inganci: Gwajin lantarki na sel, binciken gani, injiniya
Taron juriya, takaddun dakunan duban hankali, da gwajin wasan kwaikwayon a karkashin daidaito.
Wadanne kasashe ne suka mamaye abincin rana duniya?
Kasar Sin ta wakilta kusan kashi 70% na samar da hasken rana na duniya, Malesiya, Vietnam, da Jamus.
Turai da Amurka suna haɓaka ikon samarwa su rage dogaro.
Shin ingancin karfi na iya inganta bangarori?
Da zarar kayi, ingancin kwamitin ba zai iya inganta ba. Koyaya, kafaffen shigarwa (fuskantarwa, karkatarwa,
Tsarin sanyaya-wuri) na iya girman samarwa. Sabbin tsararraki yanzu sun sami inganci sama da 23%.
Don zurfafa ilimin hoto da Inganta aikinku na hasken rana, shawartar mu duka PVGIS mai ja gora da kuma gano namu cikakken bayani
Bayanan wanda aka ajiye don masu biyan kuɗi.
