Nominal Power thiab Standard Test Conditions (STC)
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm photovoltaic module feem ntau ntsuas raws li Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas (STC), txhais los ntawm IEC 60904-1 tus qauv:
- Irradiance ntawm 1000 W / m² (zoo hnub ci)
- Module kub ntawm 25 ° C
- Txheem lub teeb spectrum (IEC 60904-3)
Bifacial modules, uas ntes lub teeb ntawm ob sab, tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev xav hauv av (albedo). PVGIS tseem tsis tau tsim cov qauv no, tab sis ib txoj hauv kev yog siv BNPI (Bifacial Nameplate Irradiance), txhais tau tias: P_BNPI = P_STC * (1 + φ * 0.135), qhov twg φ yog qhov tseem ceeb bifaciality.
Cov kev txwv ntawm bifacial modules: Tsis tsim nyog rau kev sib koom ua ke hauv tsev nyob qhov twg tom qab ntawm lub module yog obstructed. Kev ua tau zoo sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov kev taw qhia (xws li North-South axis nrog East-West tig mus).
Kev kwv yees ntawm lub hwj chim tiag tiag ntawm PV Modules
Cov kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag ntawm PV panels txawv ntawm tus qauv (STC) cov xwm txheej, uas cuam tshuam rau lub zog tso zis. PVGIS.COM siv ntau qhov kev kho kom haum rau cov kev hloov pauv no.
1. Kev xav thiab lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb
Thaum lub teeb hits PV module, ib feem yog xav txog yam tsis tau hloov mus rau hauv hluav taws xob. Qhov mob ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntau dua, qhov poob ntau dua.
- Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsim khoom: Qhov nruab nrab, qhov cuam tshuam no ua rau poob ntawm 2 mus rau 4%, txo qis rau lub hnub ci kev taug qab.
2. Cov nyhuv ntawm lub hnub ci spectrum ntawm PV Efficiency
Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog rhiab rau qee qhov wavelengths ntawm lub teeb spectrum, uas txawv ntawm PV technology:
- Crystalline Silicon (c-Si): rhiab heev rau infrared thiab pom lub teeb
- CdTe, CIGS, a-Si: sib txawv rhiab heev, nrog txo cov lus teb hauv infrared
Factors cuam tshuam lub spectrum: Thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj teeb liab dua.
Cloudy hnub nce qhov feem ntawm lub teeb xiav. Cov nyhuv spectral ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau PV lub zog. PVGIS.COM siv cov ntaub ntawv satellite los kho cov kev hloov pauv no thiab sib koom ua ke cov kev kho no rau hauv nws cov kev suav.
Kev vam meej ntawm PV Fais Fab ntawm Irradiance thiab Kub
Kub thiab Efficiency
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm PV panels txo qis nrog qhov ntsuas kub, nyob ntawm cov thev naus laus zis:
Nyob rau hauv high irradiance (>1000 W / m²), module kub nce: poob ntawm efficiency
Thaum qis irradiance (<400 W / m²), efficiency sib txawv raws li hom PV cell
Kev ua qauv hauv PVGIS.COM
PVGIS.COM kho PV zog raws li irradiance (G) thiab module kub (Tm) siv tus qauv lej (Huld et al., 2011):
P = (G/1000) * A * eff(G, Tm)
Cov coefficients tshwj xeeb rau txhua PV thev naus laus zis (c-Si, CdTe, CIGS) yog muab los ntawm kev sim ntsuas thiab siv rau PVGIS.COM kev simulation.
Ua qauv ntsuas kub ntawm PV Modules
- Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau qhov ntsuas kub (Tm)
- Ambient cua kub (Ta)
- Hnub ci irradiance (G)
- Qhov cua (W) - cua txias txias rau lub module
-
Kub qauv hauv PVGIS (Faiman, 2008):
Tm = Ta + G / (U0 + U1W)
Cov coefficients U0 thiab U1 sib txawv raws li hom kev teeb tsa:
| PV Technology | Kev teeb tsa | U0 (W / ° C-m²) | U1 (Ws/°C-m³) |
|---|---|---|---|
| c-Si | Kev ywj pheej | 26.9 ib | 26.9 ib |
| c-Si | PIB/BPV | 20.0 Nws | 20.0 Nws |
| CIGS | Kev ywj pheej | 22.64 Nws | 22.64 Nws |
| CIGS | PIB/BPV | 20.0 Nws | 20.0 Nws |
| CdTe | Kev ywj pheej | 23.37 Nws | 23.37 Nws |
| CdTe | PIB/BPV | 20.0 Nws | 20.0 Nws |
Kev poob thiab kev laus ntawm PV Modules
Tag nrho cov kev suav yav dhau los muab lub zog ntawm qib module, tab sis lwm yam kev poob yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab:
- Hloov pauv losses (inverter)
- Cov kab hluav taws xob poob
- Qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog ntawm cov modules
- Kev laus ntawm PV panels
Raws li kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Jordan & Kurtz (2013), PV panels poob ntawm qhov nruab nrab 0.5% ntawm lub zog ib xyoos. Tom qab 20 xyoo, lawv lub zog raug txo mus rau 90% ntawm lawv cov nqi pib.
- PVGIS.COM pom zoo kom nkag mus rau thawj qhov kev poob qis ntawm 3% rau thawj xyoo los suav rau cov kab ke degradation, tom qab ntawd 0.5% hauv ib xyoos.
Lwm Yam Tseem Ceeb Tsis suav nrog hauv PVGIS
Qee qhov cuam tshuam cuam tshuam rau PV ntau lawm tab sis tsis suav nrog PVGIS:
- Daus ntawm cov panels: Drastically txo ntau lawm. Nyob ntawm qhov zaus thiab lub sijhawm ntawm cov daus.
- Kev sib sau ntawm plua plav thiab av: Txo PV zog, nyob ntawm kev tu thiab nag lossis daus.
- Ib nrab shading: Muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo yog tias lub module yog ntxoov ntxoo. Cov nyhuv no yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas thaum lub sij hawm PV installation.
Xaus
Ua tsaug rau kev nce qib hauv kev tsim qauv photovoltaic thiab cov ntaub ntawv satellite, PVGIS.COM tso cai rau kev kwv yees qhov tseeb ntawm cov zis hluav taws xob ntawm PV modules los ntawm kev coj mus rau hauv tus account ib puag ncig thiab kev siv technology.
Vim li cas siv PVGIS.COM?
Advanced qauv ntawm irradiance thiab module kub
Kev kho raws li cov ntaub ntawv huab cua thiab spectral
Txhim khu kev kwv yees ntawm qhov system poob thiab vaj huam sib luag aging
Optimization ntawm hnub ci ntau lawm rau txhua cheeb tsam