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Grid Bọchị Ego Si Ememu
The simulations nyere na PVGIS.COM emebere ya iji mezuo ihe dị iche iche chọrọ nke ndị ọkachamara yana ndị mmadụ na ngalaba ike anyanwụ. Ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ maka anyanwụ nke Europe na-akwado ọrụ a na ndị injinia, na-ahụ na nka nwere onwe na nnọpụiche n'ezie. Nke a bụ ndị isi ihe metụtara na ebumnobi ndị simulations kpuchie.
Ihe atụ PDF dị n'okpuru bụ na Bekee.
A ga-ewepụta akụkọ nke gị na-akpaghị aka
n'asụsụ ị họọrọ na ntọala akaụntụ gị.
PVGIS 5.3 na-enye uru ndabara nke 14% maka ngụkọta mfu na anyanwụ usoro mmepụta ọkụ eletrik.
PVGIS24 Simulator na-atụpụta uru mfu maka afọ mbụ nke ọrụ. Mfu a ga-etolite kwa afọ. Nke a afọ mbụ uru uru na-enye ohere maka a nyocha zuru oke nke teknụzụ na ego, kwa afọ. Ya mere, n'elu a 20-afọ arụmọrụ oge, ngụkọta mmepụta ọnwụ bụ nso 13% ka 14%.
Nyocha a na-eji usoro emebere iji nyochaa oriri ike na ọnụ ahịa ya karịa nke akọwapụtara oge, na-ekewa data ahụ n'ime nkezi kwa ọnwa na kwa ụbọchị.
- Data ndabere: A na-ekesa mkpokọta ike ike kwa afọ (kWh). ọnwa inyocha mgbanwe nke ọchịchọ; A na-ekpebi ọnụ ahịa metụtara ya dabere na ọnụego ịzụrụ otu.
- Mmebi nwa oge: Nkezi kwa ọnwa na kwa ụbọchị na-enye nkọwa zuru ezu nghọta nke mgbanwe oriri n'ime afọ niile; Nkezi pasent na-egosipụta nke ọnwa ọ bụla ntinye aka na mkpokọta kwa afọ.
- Ebumnuche: Usoro a na-enyere aka ịchọpụta oge oke ma ọ bụ obere oriri na atụmatụ atụmatụ maka njikarịcha ike ma ọ bụ njikwa ọnụ ahịa. Nye ihe doro anya ma nwee ike ime ya nchịkọta nke ike oriri iji melite size nke anyanwụ nrụnye ma ọ bụ nchekwa usoro mgbe idobe ọnụ ahịa ume n'okpuru njikwa.
Ntụle a gbadoro ụkwụ n'usoro usoro ihe atụ nke na-eme atụmatụ nchekwa ego jikọtara na ike anyanwụ na-eri onwe ya, na-adabere na oriri kwa afọ na mmepụta fotovoltaic data.
Mmebi oriri ike: A na-ekewa mkpokọta oriri site na oge oge (ụbọchị izu ụka, izu ụka, ehihie, mgbede, abalị) iji nyochaa mkpa ike dị iche iche maka nke ọ bụla ogologo oge. Usoro a na-enyere aka ịchọpụta oriri ụbọchị, nke na-egosipụta ike ya iri nri nke onwe.
Atụmatụ ikike iri onwe ya: The anyanwụ mmepụta atụmatụ site PVGIS atụnyere na oriri ehihie. Pasent mkpuchi na-egosi oke oriri ụbọchị nke ahụ nwere ike ịbụ enyere ya ozugbo site na ike anyanwụ.
Ngụkọ nke nchekwa ego: A na-eji kWh jiri onwe ya kpọrọ ihe dabere na ya ịzụrụ ike tarifu iji gbakọọ ego ego kwa afọ.
Ntụle a na-enye ntọala ọnụọgụgụ maka ịlele uru ego nke onwe-eri na na-ebuli nha nke nrụnye anyanwụ. Usoro a na-enyekwara aka chọpụta oge isi bulie elu iji ike emepụtara.
Mmepụta anyanwụ
Na-egosi oke usoro gị nwere ike imepụta yana otu mmepụta a si agbanwe ka oge na-aga. Nke a na-enyere aka ịkọwa ego gị na ego ị ga-enweta.
Oriri
Na-egosi ogo ojiji ọkụ eletrik gị. Site n'iji ya tụnyere mmepụta anyanwụ. ị nwere ike iji anya nke uche hụ ikike iji onwe gị na ịdabere na grid.
Ọnụ ahịa grid
Nyere gị aka ịghọta uru nke iri ọkụ eletrik nke gị kama ịzụrụ ya, na mmetụta ogologo oge nke ọnụahịa na-abawanye.
Ọnụ ego sistemụ
Na-enye ọnụahịa nrụnye n'ezie mgbe enyemaka enyemaka ma nyere gị aka ịlele ego a chọrọ.
Ịnye ego
Na-akọwa nhọrọ ịkwụ ụgwọ dị na otu esi eme atụmatụ mmefu ego gị.
→ Nchekwa ogologo oge
Na-egosi mkpokọta ego nke usoro mbara igwe na-emepụta n'ime ọtụtụ afọ.
→ Ọnụego nri nke onwe
Na-egosi oke ike anyanwụ nke ezinaụlọ na-eji.
→ IRR (ọnụego nloghachi nke ime)
Na-atụle arụmọrụ ego niile nke itinye ego ahụ.
→ ROI (laghachi na ntinye ego)
Na-egosi ogologo oge ọ na-ewe maka itinye ego mbụ iji kwụsị.
Iji bulie uru: Ịnye ego ego dị mma mana ọ chọrọ ịchịkọta ego ozugbo.
Iji chekwaa ego: A mbinye ego na-enye ezigbo ngwọta, na-agafeghị oke ego akwụ ụgwọ, yana ma ọ bụ na-enweghị onyinye mbụ.
Iji kwado ego: Ịgbazinye ego bụ nhọrọ dị ngwa na nke ziri ezi; Otú ọ dị, n'agbanyeghị ntakịrị ala IRR, mmasị dị elu na-ebelata uru ahụ.
→ Ụgwọ ọkụ eletrik (Grid Bill)
Akụkụ a na-egosi otú ụgwọ ọkụ eletrik gị si agbasa n'ime afọ ndị dabere na:
- oriri gị,
- ọnụ ahịa ọkụ eletrik,
- na ọnụ ahịa grid na-abawanye kwa afọ.
Ọ na-enyere aka iji anya nke uche hụ mmụba nwayọọ nwayọọ na-akwụ ụgwọ ike na-enweghị anyanwụ.
→ Mfu nke ike ịzụrụ ihe (Mbelata ọnụ ahịa)
Tebụl a na-egosi ka ọnụ ahịa ọnụ ahịa si ebelata ikike ịzụrụ ihe ka oge na-aga. Ọ na-egosi na otu ego ole a na-enweta na-abaghị uru kwa afọ.
→ Ihe mere anyanwụ ji dị mkpa
Site na ijikọta tebụl abụọ ahụ, isi ihe ewepụrụ na-apụta ìhè:
- ọnụ ahịa ọkụ eletrik na-abawanye,
- Ike ịzụ ihe na-ebelata,
→ imepụta ike nke gị na-aghọ ụdị nchebe ego.
→ Mmepụta anyanwụ kwa afọ
Na-egosi ka mmepụta si agbanwe ntakịrị site n'otu afọ gaa n'ọzọ. Nke a bụ ihe ndabere maka ngụkọta ego niile.
→ Oriri nke onwe
Na-egosi oke ike ị na-eji ozugbo n'ụlọ. Ike a na-eri onwe ya na-azọpụta gị ọnụahịa ọkụ eletrik.
→ Ntụle akụ na ụba kwa afọ
Kọlụm "ntụziaka" na-egosi ma usoro ahụ na-emepụta uru net ma ọ bụ ọnụ ahịa ụgbụ kwa afọ, na-eburu n'uche:
- iri onwe onye,
- enwetara ego,
- na mmefu.
→ Ngụkọta uru n'ime oge
E gosipụtara site na ogidi ndị dị n'aka nri, nsochi a na-egosi site na afọ nke usoro ahụ na-enweta uru.
→ ROI (laghachi na ntinye ego)
Na-akọwapụta afọ mgbe mkpokọta ego na-ewepụ ego mbụ.
→ IRR (ọnụego nloghachi nke ime)
Na-atụle n'ozuzu arụmọrụ nke oru ngo ka oge na-eme ka o kwe omume tụnyere anyanwụ na ntinye ego ego ndị ọzọ.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme a, na-anọchite anya usoro ego na nloghachi na ntinye ego (ROI), na-enye ohere:
- Jiri anya nke uche hụ mmegharị ego n'ime oge a kapịrị ọnụ, na-amata ọdịiche dị n'etiti mmanya dị mma (ego) na mmanya na-adịghị mma (ụgwọ).
- Chọpụta ebe ROI na-adị mma, na-egosi mgbake nke mbụ itinye ego.
- Sochie mgbanwe nke uru net ka inyocha uru ogologo oge nke ọrụ ahụ. Ọ bụ ngwá ọrụ doro anya maka ịghọta arụmọrụ ego na enyemaka ime mkpebi maka ndị na-etinye ego.
Histogram ekpokọtara ọnụ na-atụnyere nchekwa ego nke onwe ya na ụgwọ grid ọha na-enye ohere:
- Jiri anya nke uche hụ oke ike nke onwe ya na-eme ka ibelata ngụkọta ụgwọ (egosiri na ala nke mmanya ọ bụla).
- Kọwaa ndabere na grid ọha (akụkụ elu nke ụlọ mmanya) na chọpụta oge mgbe ọ kachasị.
- Mee ka nyocha nke ego enwetara site na ntinye nke anyanwụ yana oge a na-emewanyewanye (dịka ịgbakwunye batrị) nwere ike bute mbelata ụgwọ metụtara grid.
- Nke a bụ eserese dị mkpa iji gosipụta uru ego nke anyanwụ usoro na mfe onwe-eri.
Ngụkọ nke akara ukwu carbon nke obodo na-enye ohere:
- Na-enyocha mkpokọta ikuku griin haus (GHG) sitere na mmemme ya, gụnyere ụlọ ọrụ, ụgbọ njem, ọrụ ugbo, na oriri ume.
- Ịmata isi ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe iji bute mbọ mbelata ụzọ.
- N'iburu n'uche ihe ndị dị ka akara carbon nke mbubata na mbupụ iji nweta a nlebanya zuru oke.
- Ọ bụ ngwá ọrụ dị mkpa maka nyochaa ọganihu n'ebe ebumnuche ihu igwe na iduzi ọha amụma maka mgbanwe na-adigide.
Mgbakọ nke nguzozi carbon nke nrụnye anyanwụ na-enye ohere:
- Nyochaa ihe ndị a na-ezere site na mmepụta nke ume ọhụrụ, tụnyere nnyefe nke omenala site na grid (na-adaberekarị na mmanụ ọkụ).
- Kọwaa mmetụta dị mma gburugburu ebe obibi, ọkachasị n'ihe gbasara tọn CO2 echekwabara n'ime oge ndụ sistemụ niile.
- Kọwapụta na kWh ọ bụla nke ike anyanwụ na-eri onwe ya na-enye aka ozugbo n'ibelata usoro carbon nke ụlọ.
- Ọ bụ ngosipụta a na-ahụ anya nke ntinye ike nke ndị na-emepụta ike anyanwụ ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ebi ndụ na-adigide.