Nominal Power uye Standard Test Conditions (STC)
Kuita kwe photovoltaic module kunowanzo kuyerwa pasi peStandard Test Conditions (STC), inotsanangurwa neIEC 60904-1 standard:
- Irradiance ye1000 W/m² (yakanyatsojeka zuva)
- Module tembiricha pa25°C
- Yakamisikidzwa chiedza spectrum (IEC 60904-3)
Bifacial modules, iyo inobata chiedza kumativi ose maviri, inogona kuvandudza kugadzirwa kuburikidza nekutarisa pasi (albedo). PVGIS haisati yatevedzera mamodule aya, asi imwe nzira ndeyekushandisa BNPI (Bifacial Nameplate Irradiance), inotsanangurwa se: P_BNPI = P_STC * (1 + φ * 0.135), apo φ ndiyo bifaciality factor.
Kuganhurirwa kwebifacial modules: Haina kukodzera kuvaka-yakabatanidzwa kuiswa uko kuseri kwemodule kunovharirwa. Kuitwa kwakasiyana zvichienderana nekwakatariswa (semuenzaniso, North-South axis ine East-West yakatarisana).
Kufungidzira Kwesimba Rechokwadi rePV Modules
Iwo chaiwo ekushanda mamiriro ePV mapaneru anosiyana kubva kune akajairwa (STC) mamiriro, ayo anokanganisa kubuda kwesimba. PVGIS.COM inoshandisa zvigadziriso zvakati kuti kubatanidza izvi zvakasiyana.
1. Reflection uye Angle yeChiedza cheChiedza
Kana chiedza chichirova PV module, chikamu chinoratidzwa pasina kuchinjwa kuva magetsi. Iyo yakanyanya acute angle yechiitiko, inokura kurasikirwa.
- Mhedzisiro pakugadzirwa: Paavhareji, izvi zvinokonzeresa kurasikirwa kwe2 kusvika 4%, yakaderedzwa kune solar tracking system.
2. Mhedzisiro yeSolar Spectrum paPV Kubudirira
Solar panels inonzwa kune mamwe wavelengths emwenje wechiedza, ayo anosiyana nePV tekinoroji:
- Crystalline Silicon (c-Si): Inonzwa kune infrared uye inooneka mwenje
- CdTe, CIGS, a-Si: Kunzwa kwakasiyana, nemhinduro yakaderedzwa mune infrared
Zvinhu zvinokanganisa spectrum: Chiedza chemangwanani nemanheru chakatsvuka.
Mazuva ane makore anowedzera chikamu chechiedza chebhuruu. Iyo spectral effect inokanganisa zvakananga PV simba. PVGIS.COM inoshandisa data setiraiti kugadzirisa misiyano iyi uye inobatanidza zvigadziriso izvi mukuverenga kwayo.
Kutsamira kwePV Simba pane Irradiance uye Tembiricha
Tembiricha uye Kubudirira
Kushanda kwePV mapaneru kunodzikira nemodule tembiricha, zvichienderana nehunyanzvi:
Pakupenya kukuru (>1000 W/m²), module tembiricha inowedzera: Kurasikirwa kwekuita
Pa low irradiance (<400 W/m²), kushanda zvakanaka kunosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwePV cell
Modelling in PVGIS.COM
PVGIS.COM inogadzirisa simba rePV rinobva pane irradiance (G) uye tembiricha yemodule (Tm) uchishandisa modhi yemasvomhu (Huld et al., 2011):
P = (G/1000) * A * eff(G, Tm)
Iwo coefficients akananga kune yega yega PV tekinoroji (c-Si, CdTe, CIGS) inotorwa kubva muyedzo kuyerwa uye inoshandiswa kune. PVGIS.COM simulations.
Kutevedzera Kupisa kwePV Modules
- Zvinhu zvinopesvedzera tembiricha yemodule (Tm)
- Ambient tembiricha yemhepo (Ta)
- Solar irradiance (G)
- Ventilation (W) - Mhepo ine simba inotonhorera module
-
Tembiricha modhi mu PVGIS (Faiman, 2008):
Tm = Ta + G / (U0 + U1W)
Iwo coefficients U0 uye U1 anosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuisa:
| PV Technology | Installation | U0 (W/°C-m²) | U1 (Ws/°C-m³) |
|---|---|---|---|
| c-Si | Freestanding | 26.9 | 26.9 |
| c-Si | BIPV/BAPV | 20.0 | 20.0 |
| CIGS | Freestanding | 22.64 | 22.64 |
| CIGS | BIPV/BAPV | 20.0 | 20.0 |
| CdTe | Freestanding | 23.37 | 23.37 |
| CdTe | BIPV/BAPV | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Kurasikirwa kweSistimu uye Kuchembera kwePV Modules
Ese maverengero apfuura anopa simba padanho remodule, asi kumwe kurasikirwa kunofanirwa kutariswa:
- Shanduko kurasikirwa (inverter)
- Wiring kurasikirwa
- Kusiyana kwesimba pakati pema modules
- Kukwegura kwePV panels
Maererano neongororo yakaitwa naJordan & Kurtz (2013), mapaneru ePV anorasikirwa neavhareji 0.5% yesimba pagore. Mushure memakore makumi maviri, simba ravo rinoderedzwa kusvika ku90% yehuwandu hwavo hwekutanga.
- PVGIS.COM inokurudzira kupinda kwekutanga kwehurongwa kurasikirwa kwe3% kwegore rekutanga kuverengera kuderedzwa kwehurongwa, ipapo 0.5% pagore.
Zvimwe Zviitiko Zvisingatariswe mukati PVGIS
Mimwe mhedzisiro inokanganisa kugadzirwa kwePV asi haina kuisirwa mukati PVGIS:
- Sinou pamapuranga: Zvinonyanya kuderedza kugadzirwa. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu uye nguva yekudonha kwechando.
- Kuunganidzwa kweguruva netsvina: Inoderedza simba rePV, zvichienderana nekuchenesa uye kunaya.
- Chikamu chemumvuri: Iine simba rakasimba kana module iri shaded. Izvi zvinofanirwa kutarisirwa panguva yekuiswa kwePV.
Mhedziso
Nekuda kwekufambira mberi mune photovoltaic modelling uye satellite data, PVGIS.COM inobvumira fungidziro chaiyo yesimba rinobuda rePV modules nekufunga nezvezvakatipoteredza uye tekinoroji mhedzisiro.
Sei Uchishandisa PVGIS.COM?
Yepamberi modhi ye irradiance uye module tembiricha
Kugadziriswa kunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze uye spectral data
Yakavimbika fungidziro yekurasikirwa kwehurongwa uye kuchembera kwepaneru
Optimization yekugadzira solar kudunhu rega rega