Solar Panel Recycling le Tharollo ea moruo ea moruo bakeng sa ho tsitsa

Ho utloisisa Moruo oa Solar Circle

Moruo oa selikalikoe oa photovoltaics o emela ho nahanisisa ka ho feletseng ka bophelo ba lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi. Ho fapana le "mohlala oa "extract-produce-dispose", mokhoa ona o etelletsa pele tšebeliso, ho e sebelisa hape le lisebelisoa. nchafatso.

Phetoho ena e likoloha metheong e mengata ea mantlha e fetolang matla a letsatsi a tloaelehileng mekhoa ea tlhahiso. Moralo o ikarabellang oa Eco o kopanya karolo ea ho sebelisoa hape ho tloha mohatong oa nts'etsopele, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo karohano ea lintho tse bonahalang qetellong ea bophelo. Ho ntlafatsa nako ea ho kenya letsatsi ke ntho e 'ngoe hape tšiea ea bohlokoa, e nang le liphanele tse etselitsoeng ho sebetsa hantle bakeng sa bonyane lilemo tse 25-30.

Ntlafatso ea likanale tse khethehileng tsa pokello le ts'ebetso e tsamaisana le mokhoa ona, ho theha e felletseng Valorization ea tikoloho. Tsena ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso boiqapelo hona joale etsa hore ho be le litekanyetso tse tsotehang tsa ho tsosolosa tse fetang 95% bakeng sa likarolo tse itseng.

Bothata ba Solar Panel Recycling

Sebopeho le Lisebelisoa tse Recyclable

Liphanele tsa letsatsi li na le lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa bohlokoa tse ka khutlisoang. Silicon e emela hoo e ka bang 76% ea kakaretso boima mme e ka hloekisoa ho theha liphaphatha tse ncha. Aluminium e tsoang liforeimi, e ka sebelisoa habonolo hape, e etsa 8% ea boima. Khalase, e emelang 3% ea boima, e ka sebelisoa hape ho etsa li-module tse ncha kapa indasteri e meng lits'ebetso.

Litšepe tsa bohlokoa joalo ka silevera, tse teng likhokahanong tsa motlakase, li na le mabaka a bohlokoa a ho loka a moruo ho hlaphoheloa ha bona. Koporo e tsoang ho lithapo tsa ka hare le eona e ka ntšoa le ho nchafatsoa. Moqapi ona o ruile ka lisebelisoa tse ka sebelisoang hape li fetola phanele e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea pheletso ea bophelo hore e be morafo oa 'nete oa litoropong.

Meqolo ea litšila ea Photovoltaic e lebelletsoeng

International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) e hakanya hore lithane tse limilione tse 78 tsa liphanele tsa letsatsi li tla fihla. pheletso ea bophelo ka 2050. Khakanyo ena e kholo e bakoa ke ho phatloha ha lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-2000. Ho Europe, mapolasi a pele a matla a letsatsi a kentsoeng haholo a se a fihla pheletsong ea potoloho ea ona.

Boemo bona bo emetse ka nako e le 'ngoe phephetso e kholo ea tikoloho le monyetla o moholo oa moruo. Boleng ba thepa e ka khutlisoang bo ka fihla ho $ 15 bilione ka 2050, ho latela likhakanyo tsa IRENA. Sena pono e khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea meaho e ikamahanyang le maemo le phaello e sebetsang.

Theknoloji le Mekhoa ea ho Recycling

Mekhoa ea ho qhaqha

Mokhoa oa ho tsosolosa o qala ka ho arola likarolo tse fapaneng. Liforeimi tsa aluminium li tlosoa ka mochini, ho nolofalletsa ho hlaphoheloa ha tšepe ka kotloloho. Mabokose a mateano le likhoele li qhaqhoa ka thoko ho ntša koporo le lisebelisoa tsa polasetiki.

Ho arola likhalase le lisele tsa silicon ke mohato o bobebe ka ho fetesisa. Mekhoa e mengata ea thekenoloji hona joale phelisana. Phekolo ea mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso (500°C) e lumella ho bola ha EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) e kopanyang lisele le khalase. Mokhoa ona, le hoja o le matla haholo, o fana ka litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa ho hlaphoheloa.

Mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale e sebelisang lihlapolli tse itseng e fana ka mokhoa o mong o bonolo, o baballang hamolemo thepa e khutlisitsoeng botshepehi. Tsena mekhoa e mecha ea theknoloji joale sebetsa ho recycling for optimize recovery material.

Tlhoekiso ea Lintho le ho Valorization

Hang ha li arotsoe, lisebelisoa li etsoa liphekolo tse tsoetseng pele tsa tlhoekiso. Silicon e tsosolositsoeng e hloka ho cheka lik'hemik'hale mekhoa ea ho felisa litšila tsa tšepe le masala a doping. Tlhoekiso ena e nolofalletsa ho fumana silicon ea boleng bo lekaneng bakeng sa ho etsa liphanele tse ncha.

Silevera, tšepe ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa liphanele, e sebelisa mekhoa e rarahaneng ea ho hlaphoheloa. Ho ntšoa ha acid leaching e lumella ho hlaphoheloa ho fihlela ho 99% ea silevera ea hona joale. Koporo e latela mekhoa e tšoanang le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa ho hlaphoheloa.

Lisebelisoa tsena tse hloekisitsoeng ebe li kopanya hape ho mehato ea bohlokoa ea tlhahiso, ho theha e koetsoeng ea 'nete loop. Mokhoa ona o chitja o fokotsa haholo ho ntšoa ha thepa e tala le khabone ka kakaretso.

Tšusumetso ea Tikoloho le Melemo

Phokotso ea Carbon Footprint

Moruo oa selikalikoe o sebelisoang liphanele tsa letsatsi o hlahisa melemo e mengata ea tikoloho. Silicon recycling e qoba 85% ea likhase tsa CO2 tse amanang le tlhahiso ea silicon e sa tsoa tsoaloa. Poloko ena e emetse lithane tse ka bang 1.4 tsa e ile ea qoba CO2 ka thane e le 'ngoe ea silicon e tsosolositsoeng.

Ho hlaphoheloa ha aluminium ho qoba 95% ea mesi e amanang le tlhahiso ea mantlha. Ho nahanoa ka phanele e na le hoo e ka bang lik'hilograma tse 15 tsa aluminium, ho tsosolosa ho qoba ho tsoa ha 165 lik'hilograma tse lekanang le CO2 ka phanele. Lipolokelo tsena bokella ka potlako ka meqolo e ntseng e eketseha.

Tlhahlobo e feletseng ea tšusumetso ea tikoloho ea matla a letsatsi tlhahiso e bonts'a hore ho kopanya moruo oa selikalikoe ho ka fokotsa kakaretso ea photovoltaic carbon footprint ka 30-40%. Ntlafatso ena ea bohlokoa e matlafatsa boemo ba letsatsi e le ntho e tšoarellang e le kannete mohloli oa matla.

Paballo ea Lihloliloeng

Recycling e boloka mehloli ea tlhaho e fokolang hangata e tsepame sebakeng. Silicon ea boemo ba metallurgic e hloka li-depositi tse phahameng tsa quartz, mohloli o sa tsosolositsoeng. Ho khutlisa silicon ho liphanele tsa khale ho fokotsa khatello ho li-deposit tsena tsa tlhaho.

Silevera, e bohlokoa bakeng sa indasteri ea photovoltaic, e fana ka mehloli e fokolang ea lefatše. Ka tšebeliso e emelang 10% ea tlhahiso ea silevera ea lefats'e, indasteri ea letsatsi e itšetlehile haholo ka tšepe ena ea bohlokoa. Recycling e thusa ho theha setoko sa bobeli sa silevera, ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka merafo ea mantlha.

Paballo ena ea lisebelisuoa e tsamaisana le litlamorao tse fokotsehileng tsa tikoloho tse amanang le ho ntšoa ha merafo. Meepo e fokolang libaka li bolela tšitiso e fokolang ea tikoloho, tšebeliso e fokolang ea metsi, le litšila tse fokolang tsa litšila.

Mathata a Phethahatso le Litharollo

Litšitiso tsa Hona Joale tsa Moruo

Bothata bo ka sehloohong ba moruo oa potoloho ea photovoltaic e ntse e le moruo. Litšenyehelo tsa pokello, lipalangoang le ho sebetsa bakeng sa liphanele tse sebelisitsoeng hangata li feta boleng ba thepa e fumanoeng. Boemo bona bo bakoa ke meqolo e ntseng e lekanyelitsoe le bosio ba meruo ya sekala.

Litheko tsa silicon tsa Virgin, tse tlase haholo ho tloha ka 2022, li etsa hore silicon e nchafalitsoeng e se be le tlholisano moruong. Ena e tala ho feto-fetoha ha theko ea lintho tse bonahalang ho rarahana le moralo oa matsete a ntlafatso ea mahlale. Likhamphani li tsilatsila ho tsetela haholo ntle le litiiso tsa nako e telele tsa phaello.

Ho ba sieo ha melao e tlamang linaheng tse ngata ho boetse ho fokotsa tsoelo-pele ea 'maraka. Ntle le ho sebelisoa bocha ka molao boitlamo, beng ba bangata ba khetha litharollo tsa ho qetela tsa bophelo tse sa bitseng chelete e ngata empa e le tsa tikoloho tse se nang bokhabane.

Ho Etsa Mecha e Khethehileng

Ho theha likanale tse khethehileng tsa ho sebelisoa hape ho hloka khokahano lipakeng tsa batšoantšisi ba bangata. Baetsi ba liphanele, li-installers, dismantlers, le recyclers li tlameha ho sebelisana haufi-ufi. Tšebelisano ena e ntlafatsa mohato o mong le o mong oa ts'ebetso le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo ka kakaretso.

Litsi tse ntseng li hlaha tsa pokello ea libaka li thusa ho tsamaisa thepa le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa lipalangoang. Li-hubs tsena li bohareng liphanele tsa ho qetela pele li fetela libakeng tsa ts'ebetso. Mokhatlo ona oa libaka o ntlafatsa phallo le e ntlafatsa phaello ea moruo.

Ho nts'etsapele litheknoloji tsa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa mehala ho emela boqapi bo ts'episang. Likarolo tsena tse tsamaisoang li ka sebetsa liphanele ka kotloloho libakeng tsa ho qhaqha, ho fokotsa haholo litšenyehelo tsa thepa. Mokhoa ona oa ho arola libaka o ikamahanya le maemo haholo-holo ho ea ho tse kholo tsa ho kenya.

Mehato ea Taolo le Leano

Taelo ea European WEEE

European Union e qala taolo ea ho sebelisa hape photovoltaic ka WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Thepa) taelo. Molao ona o beha boikarabello bo atolositsoeng ba bahlahisi ho bahlahisi, bo tlamang ho hlophisa le ho lefella pokello ea lihlahisoa le ho li sebelisa hape.

Taelo e beha lipheo tse kholo ka sekhahla sa ho hlaphoheloa sa 85% sa boima bo bokelletsoeng ba phanele le sekhahla sa 80% sa ho bokelloa. Meeli ena e tlamang e hlohlelletsa boiqapelo ba theknoloji le ho sebetsa matsete a meralo ea motheo. Eco-contribution e lefelloang ha u reka e tšehetsa mesebetsi ena.

Mokgwa ona wa taolo o theha meralo e tsitsitseng e kgothaletsang matsete a poraefete. Likhamphani li ka rera nako e telele mesebetsi, ho tseba tlhokahalo ea ho recycle e tiiselitsoe ka molao. Ts'ireletso ena ea molao e thusa ho hlaha ha batho ba inehetseng mafapha a indasteri.

Mehato ea Machaba

Lefatšeng ka bophara, International Energy Agency Photovoltaic Power Systems Program (IEA PVPS) e hokahanya letsatsi liphuputso tsa ho tsosolosa. Tšebelisano ena ea machaba e thusa ho arolelana litsebi le mekhoa e metle tumellanong. Linaha tseo e leng litho li fapanyetsana liphihlelo le ho hlahisa litharollo tse ncha ka kopanelo.

Morero oa PV Cycle, mokhatlo o sa etseng phaello, o hlophisa pokello ea phanele ea photovoltaic le ho e sebelisa hape ka 18. Linaha tsa Europe. Sebopeho sena se kopaneng se kopanya litšenyehelo le ho netefatsa litšebeletso tse tšoanang ho pholletsa le masimo. Ho se ho bokeletsoe lithane tse fetang 40,000 tsa liphanele ho tloha ha e thehoa.

Mehato ena ea machaba e lokisa tumellano ea taolo ea nako e tlang. Sepheo se ikemiseditse ho theha lefatshe ka bophara mekhoa ea ho tsosolosa, ho tsamaisa phapanyetsano ea khoebo le ho ntlafatsa mecha ea ho sebetsa.

Litlhahiso tse Hlahang le Theknoloji

Moralo oa ho Recycling

Liphanele tsa letsatsi tse ncha li kopanya lithibelo tsa ho qetela ho tloha kemolo. Eco-design e etelletsa pele habonolo lisebelisuoa tse arohaneng le likopano tse sa theoheng. Mokhoa ona oa "moralo bakeng sa recycle" o fetola mokhoa oa indasteri ea photovoltaic.

Mekhoa e mecha e kenyelletsa likhomaretsi tsa thermofusible tse nkelang EVA ea setso sebaka. Li-binders tsena tse ncha li qhibiliha ka tlase mocheso, ho bebofatsa khalase le karohano ea lisele. Ntlafatso ena ea tekheniki e fokotsa matla a ho sebelisoa hape tshebediso le molemo ho boloka botšepehi ba lintho tse bonahalang.

Ho sebelisa liforeimi tse kopantsoeng ka mochine butle-butle ho nkela liforeimi tse cheselitsoeng sebaka. Phetoho ena e etsa hore e be bonolo ho qhaqha ntle le phetoho ea aluminium. Li-connectors tsa motlakase tse tlosoang li boetse li thusa ho kopanya le ho ba bohlokoa ho hlaphoheloa ha tšepe.

Sets'oants'o sa ho Instola ka Setsi

Ho nts'etsapele litheknoloji tsa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa mehala ho fetola taolo e kholo ea ho kenya letsatsi. Lihlopha tsena tse ikemetseng diphanele tsa tshebetso ka ho toba setšeng, ho qoba lipalangoang le ho sebetsana. Mokhoa ona o fokotsa haholo tsamaiso ditjeho le ho botjha ha carbon footprint.

Sistimi ena ea mehala e kopanya mehato eohle ea ts'ebetso ka har'a lijana tse tloaelehileng. Ho qhaqha, karohano, le tlhoekiso e etsahala lipotolohong tse koetsoeng. Lisebelisuoa tse khutlisitsoeng li phuthetsoe ho kopanya indasteri ka kotloloho liketane tsa phepelo.

Tlhahiso ena e ipakile e ikamahantse le mapolasi a maholo a letsatsi a fihlang pheletsong ea bophelo ka nako e le 'ngoe. Lipalangoang ho boloka le ho fokotsa ts'ebetso e fokotsehileng li ntlafatsa haholo phaello ea ho sebelisa hape.

Lisebelisoa tse Sebetsang le Lisebelisoa tsa Kelo

Phetoho ho moruo oa selikalikoe e hloka lisebelisoa tse matla tsa tlhahlobo ho lekanya tikoloho le moruo melemo. The PVGIS sebali sa letsatsi hona joale e kopanya bophelo bo feletseng li-module tsa tlhahlobo, ho kenyeletsoa le mekhahlelo ea ho sebelisa hape.

Lisebelisoa tsena li thusa litsebi ho lekola tšusumetso ea tikoloho ea lefats'e ea lits'ebetso tsa photovoltaic holim'a tsona bophelo bohle. Ho kopanya scenarios recycling ho lipalo tsa phaello ho thusa ba etsang liqeto ho khetha tharollo e tsitsitseng ka ho fetisisa. The PVGIS simulator ea lichelete e fana ka botlalo litlhahlobo tsa moruo tse kenyeletsang litšenyehelo tsa ho qetela.

Bakeng sa lichaba tse sebetsanang le phetoho ea matla, metse ea letsatsi ntshetsa pele tsamaiso e kopanetsoeng ea litšila tsa photovoltaic maano. Mehato ena ea libaka e hokahanya nts'etsopele ea letsatsi le ho theha mocha oa lehae oa ho sebelisa bocha.

Maikutlo a Bokamoso

Moruo o chitja oa Photovoltaic o tla ba le lebelo le leholo lilemong tse tlang. Keketseho ea Exponential in Liphanele tsa ho qetela tsa bophelo li tla theha moruo oa sekala ho etsa hore ho sebelisoa hape ho atlehe moruong. Litekanyetso li bonts'a tekano ea moruo e fihletsoeng hoo e ka bang ka 2030.

Boitshimololedi ba theknoloji bo tla tswelapele ho fokotsa ditjeho tsa ho e sebedisa hape ha bo ntse bo ntlafatsa sekgahla sa ho fola. Maiketsetso nts'etsopele ea bohlale bakeng sa ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso le liroboto bakeng sa ho qhaqha othomathike e tla fetola indasteri ea matla a letsatsi.

Ho kopanya moruo oa selikalikoe ho mefuta ea khoebo ea photovoltaic ho tla fetoha ho isa "cradle to cradle" e felletseng. ditshebeletso. Baetsi ba tla sisinya likonteraka tse kenyeletsang ho kenya, ho lokisa, le ho tsosolosa, ho theha boikarabello ba lefats'e ka bophara ba bophelo bohle. Phetoho ena e tla matlafatsa boemo ba letsatsi e le kannete matla a tsitsitseng le a chitja.

Ho tebisa tsebo ea hau ea matla a letsatsi le mathata a eona a tikoloho, ikopanye le felletse PVGIS tataisa ho qaqisa likarolo tsohle tsa tekheniki le tsa taolo. The PVGIS litokomane e boetse e fana ka lisebelisoa tse khethehileng bakeng sa litsebi tsa indasteri.

FAQ - Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa mabapi le Moruo oa Circle le Solar Panel

Ho nka nako e kae ho sebelisa solar panel hape?

Ts'ebetso e felletseng ea phanele ea letsatsi hangata e nka lihora tse 2-4 ho latela theknoloji e sebelisitsoeng. Nako ena e kenyelletsa ho qhaqha, ho arola lintho tse bonahalang, le liphekolo tsa motheo tsa tlhoekiso. Mekhoa ea kajeno ea indasteri e ka tšoara liphanele tse fihlang ho 200 ka letsatsi litsing tse ikhethileng.

Litšenyehelo tsa ho sebelisa solar panel ke bokae?

Litšenyehelo tsa ho tsosolosa li fapana pakeng tsa €10-30 ka phanele ho latela theknoloji le meqolo e sebetsitsoeng. Chelete ena e kenyelletsa pokello, lipalangoang le ho sebetsa. Europe, eco-contribution e kopantsoe le theko ea theko e koahela litšenyehelo tsena. Ka lipalo tse ntseng li eketseha, litšenyehelo li lokela ho theoha 40-50% ka 2030.

Na liphanele tsa letsatsi tse nchafalitsoeng li sebetsa hantle joaloka tse ncha?

Lisebelisoa tse nchafalitsoeng, haholo-holo silicon e hloekisitsoeng, li ka fihlela 98% ea ts'ebetso ea silicon ea moroetsana. Liphanele e entsoeng ka silicon e tsosolositsoeng e fana ka lihlahisoa tse lekanang le li-module tsa setso. Nako ea bophelo e ntse e tšoana, Lilemo tse 25-30 bonyane ka liwaranti tse tloaelehileng.

A na ho na le litlamo tsa molao tsa ho sebelisa hape batho ka bomong?

Europe, taelo ea WEEE e laela pokello ea mahala ea liphanele tse sebelisitsoeng. Batho ba tlameha ho kenya liphanele tsa khale ho libaka tse amohelehang tsa pokello kapa li khutlisetse ho barekisi nakong ea ho nchafatsoa. Ho tlatsa mobu kapa ho lahloa kherehloa ke e thibetsoeng ebile e lefisoa likotlo.

U ka tseba joang hore ke recycler e netefalitsoeng bakeng sa liphanele tsa ka tsa letsatsi?

Batla litifikeiti tsa ISO 14001 (taolo ea tikoloho) le ISO 45001 (bophelo bo botle). Europe, netefatsa PV Botho ba baesekele kapa ntho e lekanang le naha. Kopa mangolo a bopaki a traceability le litifikeiti tsa timetso bakeng sa likarolo tse sa hlaphoheloeng. Sesebelisoa sa hau se ka u lebisa ho balekane ba netefalitsoeng.

CO2 e boloka bokae ho tsosolosa phanele ea letsatsi?

Ho tsosolosa phanele ea 300W ho qoba khase e lekanang le 200 kg ea CO2 ha e bapisoa le ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse sa bonahaleng. Poloko ena haholo-holo e tsoa ho recycling ea aluminium (165 kg CO2) le silicon (35 kg CO2). Hohle hohle e kentsoeng, poloko ena e tla emela lithane tse limilione tse 50 tsa CO2 e qobiloeng ka 2050.

Bakeng sa tlhahisoleseling e eketsehileng mabapi le theknoloji ea letsatsi le lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo, hlahloba PVGIS likarolo le melemo kapa fihlella kakaretso PVGIS blog e koahelang likarolo tsohle tsa matla a letsatsi le photovoltaics.