Kūpono koʻikoʻi
ʻO ka pōʻino o ka thermal
ʻO ka hewa hewa loa: ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana ma luna o 104°F me ka wai anuanu e hana i ka brutal ʻO ka pīhoihoiʻo Thermal e hiki koke ke kāʻei i nā uhi aniani.
Hihia hihia - 8.5 kw hoʻonohonoho, phoenix (Iulai 2023):
- Palf mea mahana mahana: 154°F (wela nalu)
- Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana i ka wela o ka wai: 59°F
- SPASTE:11 mau panela i loko o 20 mau minuke
- ʻO nā kumukūʻai maikaʻi:$ 9,200 (vorranty solded)
- Lossinal pross:-3,400 KWH / makahiki
Ua weheweheʻo ka hana makeʻole
ʻO ke aniani pili i loko o nā'ōlapa o nā huapalapala o nā'ōlapa
- Ka hoʻonui maʻamau:04 iniha no 6.5-wāwae wāwae ma 150°F
- Ke hoʻohālikelike koke:-0.08 iniha i ka wā o ka wikiwiki wikiwiki
- Ke palena palena:72°F like like
- Kui wahi aku:Kūlouʻo Thermal >80°F = hōʻoiaʻia nā microcracks
ʻO nā puka makani palekana:
- Kakahiaka kakahiaka:6-9 am (panl mahana <85°F)
- Ahiahi:6-9 pm (kūlohelohe kūlohelohe)
- Mai hoʻomaʻemaʻe.10 AM-5 PM i ka wā wela
Ka paleʻana a me kaʻikeʻole
ʻO kaʻike Microcrack mua:
- Ka nānāʻana i ka nānāʻana me ka lā haʻahaʻa
- Kākau uila >5% no kēlā me kēia pā
- Ke hōʻike neiʻo Termal Confing i nā wahi wela
Ināʻikeʻia nā mea nānā:
- Ua wehe kokeʻia ka panel
- Palapala me nā kiʻi kiko'ī
- Kāhea i ka hōʻoia i loko o 48 mau hola
- Mai hoʻomau i ka hana(ka pilikia ahi ahi)
Mālamaʻo Master palekana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana me kā mākou ʻoihana hana-ma-hana Aia komo me nā proptopols wela.
ʻO ka hewa koʻikoʻi # 2: Ke hoʻohana nei i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻo Harsh a me nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe o ka hale
ʻO nā pōʻino ponoʻole
Hoʻohana pinepineʻia nā huahana Trictix i hala.
- Bleagent Bleach:Hoʻokomoʻia nā kiʻi alumini alumini (corrosion i 6 mau mahina)
- ʻO nā holoi holoi holoiʻana:Nā pale i nā wahi hana polymer
- Nā Kūlana Kūʻai:Hoʻomoeʻo ATTI-Storive Coatists
- Nā hale hana'āina:Hoʻopili nā microscopic
ʻO ka noiʻi hihia hoʻokolohua - ka pōʻino pono
7.5 kw e hoʻonohonoho ana, Kaleponi Center Valley (ʻAukake 2023):
- Nā huahana i hoʻohanaʻia: E hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe Toilet (23% hydrochloric acid)
- ʻO ka manawa hoʻolaha: 50 mau minuke
- Nā DIMEST DORTED:
- Hoʻopiha piha i nā'āpana alumini
- Hairia nohouei sheal
- Ka wai wai i loko o 9 mau panels
- Ua lukuʻiaʻo Anti-sentive Cound i lukuʻia ma ka 100% papa'āina
Kāleka koho: $ 14,800 (hōʻoleʻia kaʻikepili - hōʻoiaʻia
Nā hopena kumu lāʻau lapaʻau
Acdid Attack on alumini frames:
2al + 6shcl → 2alLl₃ + 3h₂ (hikiʻole ke corrosioni)
Polyom Seal Degradation:
- Eva (Everyl Vinyl Acetetate): hydrolysis mai nā waihona ikaika
- TPU
- Silicanes: Depoolmeization mai nā maʻi maʻi maʻi
Nā huahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe wale
Nā Kūlana PH-Netural (6.5-7.5) i hōʻoiaʻia no Solar:
- ʻO ka papa Ultra-Mottra Solor (1 Palekana i kēlā me kēia 2.5 Gallons wai)
- ʻO nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe i hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia
- ʻAʻole loa, bleach, a iʻole nā lāʻau
ʻO ka ho'āʻoʻana i ka ho'āʻoʻana:
- E hoʻopili i kaʻaoʻao o kaʻaoʻao hema
- E kali i 24 mau hola ma mua o ka noi piha
- E hōʻoia i nā hōʻailona a iʻole nā hōʻailona o nā hōʻailona
ʻO ka hewa koʻikoʻi # 3: Ke hoʻoikaika nui nei ka wai
ʻO ka lukuʻana o ka mīkini
ʻO ka palena paʻakikī koʻikoʻi: >ʻO 40ʻO PSI holomua e hoʻopau i nā sila nā mea hana,ʻae ʻO ka makeʻana o ka mea make i ka infilt i nā'āpana uila.
ʻO ke aʻoʻana i ka hana
12 kw kau kikowaena, texas (Malaki 2023):
- Kuhiʻia: 1,740 PSI (ʻO ka mea kūʻai aku ma keʻano
- SPY AGELE: pololei i ka hopena perpendicular
- ʻO ka holomuaʻana i ka manawa holomua:
- Pule 1:ʻO ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā infiltrations (ʻikeʻole)
- Mahina 2:ʻo ka pilina pili kūloko kūloko
- Mahina 4: nā pōkole pōkole a me nā'ōnaehana'ōnaehana
- Ka uku o ke kumukūʻai:$ 22,100
ʻO nā mea hana hōʻino kiʻekiʻe
ʻO nā Forcessed e ka holoiʻana i ka holoiʻana:
- 50 SMI:7,200 paona i kēlā me kēia wāwae wāwae ma nā sila
- Ke kū'ēʻana i ke kū'ē:3,600 psi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe
- SPASTE:Nā Kūlana Kūʻai + Micro-Leaks
Nā hopena wai o ka wai:
- ʻO ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o nā pilina
- Pōkole pōkole i nā pahu junction
- EVA EVLACIANDLANDLANT
- ʻO ka nalowaleʻana o ka uila uila
ʻO ka palekana palekana palekana
Nā Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai:
- Ke kaomi nui:30 psi (pālahalaha ākea ākea)
- Ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi:20 iniha mai ka papa
- ATTENT ATTLE:45° I mea e pale ai i ka hōʻailona hōʻailona
- Kahe kahe ana:5 Gallons i kēlā me kēia minuke
Nā Kūlana Kūlana:
- Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me ka loiloi regulator
- ʻO nā nozzle kūpono kūpono
- Ke kaomiʻana i ke kaomi no ka nānāʻana
Kuhi hewa # 4: nā mea hana hana abrasive a me nā mea hoʻopunipuni
ʻO Microscopic Speratch Scratch
Nā mea i pāpāʻia e pili ana i ka hōʻino mau loa:
- ʻO ke kāwele:Nā Kiʻi 0.004-0.02 iniha hohonu (irrepable)
- Nā Scrapers metala:ʻO ka lukuʻana o ka heleʻana o ke aniani anti-slight
- ʻO nā Briff Brushs:Holomua holomua o ka pale pale
- Nā pōkole SPESTER:Nā micro-scratches mau loa i ka lepo
ʻO ka hoʻoiliʻana i ka mīkini hana uila microscopic
ʻO ka hopena scratch i ka hana kūpono (aʻo noiʻi):
- Nāʻalā <0.004 iniha:-2.8% kūpono i kēlā me kēia pāna
- SCTRATCHS 0.004-0.02 iniha:-9.3% ka hana kūpono + aciceleted dirt impumulation
- Nāʻalā >0,02 iniha:-16.7% hana kūpono + crack form form
ʻO ka hihia koʻikoʻi 18 GONDITION, FROLIIDE (MAYAN 2023):
- Mea hana i hoʻohanaʻia:ʻO ka papa hana pena hao
- Ua mālamaʻia: 45% o ka papa holoʻokoʻa
- Nā loiloi hōʻino:
- 1,247 SCTOCKES i kākauʻia
- Pūnaewele Hoʻomanaʻo: -14.1% hoʻonohonoho holoʻokoʻa
- ʻO ka degradation Aesthetic
- Mea waiwai waiwai:- $ 11,400 (Hōʻike Pūnaewele)
ʻO nā hanaʻenehana deconvaminition palekana
No nā nohona Striborn Stuborn / droppings, lāʻau sap):
- E hoʻonuiʻia:ʻO ka wai mahana 25+ mau minuke
- E hoʻokaʻawale i nā chemtical:10% keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo
- Hoʻopaʻa mālie:ʻO ka mea palupalu palupalu wale nō
- RINSE RINSE:Pale aku i ka hōʻinoʻana i ke koena acid
Hōʻike kūʻokoʻa i nā pono:
- ʻO nā mea palupalu palupalu palupalu
- ʻO nā squarefic squareicing
- ʻO nā lole o nā microfiber microfeffer
- Nāʻokiʻokiʻole i nāʻili pepa
ʻO ka hewa koʻikoʻi # 5:ʻO ka mālama palekana palekana
Ka pōʻino i hūnāʻia
Kokoke-breal electrocution - hihia maoli: Home home, Corado (Sepatemaba 2023):
- ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana ma lalo o ka mana ('ōnaehanaʻaʻole i hoʻopiliʻia)
- Ka wai wai i loko o ka pahu junction
- ISHITED VOLTAGE ma keʻano metala:428v dc
- HIKI KAHUI:6-wāwae cjejection, e hoʻopau i ka lua-pae
- HOOMAKA:12 mau lā, i ka maikaʻiʻole o ka lima
ʻO nā pilikia uila o Solar-kiko'ī
ʻO nā voltages maikaʻi i kēia manawa:
- Nā panena pilikino:35-50v dc (pōʻino i ka wā o ka'ōpū)
- Nā Kūlana Poel:350-1,000v dc (hiki i ka lethal)
- ʻO nā mea hana hewa i kēia manawa:Ua ho'āhewaʻia e ka wai wai
ʻAʻole hiki i nā hemahema koʻikoʻi:
- Wai wai.
- ʻO ka pilina pili kūpono
- ʻO nā mea pōkole iʻikeʻoleʻia
- ʻO ke ahi ahi uila
ʻO ka protocol palekana palekana
Ke kaʻina hana (koi i koiʻia):
- Main AC Breaker:Eʻoki i ka mana overter-ʻaoʻao
- DC studect shot:Isolate paltel stings
- E kali ana i ka palekana:10 mau minuke haʻahaʻa (capacitor discharge)
- Voltage hōʻoia:1000v dc multimeter hōʻike
- Nā Mea Hana Pono:1000v i hoʻopaʻaʻia i nā pale lima + palekana wāwae
Nā Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai Kūʻai:
- Hoʻokuʻuʻia ka mālamaʻana i keʻano (>1 mΩ)
- ʻO ka pahu pahu pahu hoʻoiloʻana
- E wehe i nā ana o nā circuit Voltage
- Hoʻomaka hou ka'ōnaehanae nā kaula hoʻokahi
ʻO ka hewa koʻikoʻi # 6:ʻO keʻano o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kino
Ka mea iʻike i ka manawa kūpono
ʻO nā kūlana paʻakikī e hoʻokaʻawale pinepineʻia:
Nā makani kiʻekiʻe (>15 mph)
Kokoke-fatal ustal Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma ka Hoʻomanaʻo,ʻo Nvada (ʻOkakopa 2023):
- ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka makani: 28 mph i mālamaʻia (gusts i 42 mph)
- Ke kiʻekiʻe: 26 mau wāwae (Steep Booth Attation)
- Incidedide:Ua liloʻoleʻiaʻo ka pou tlescopping pole iʻole "holo"
- Nā hopena:Hoʻololi i ka pauʻana o ka Loss + 10-wāwae i lalo o ka hale
- Nā hōʻeha:ʻO nā mea i kālaiʻia, nā mea hoʻohālikelike he nui, mild scusussion
Nā helu helu makani:
- 20-Pole Pole + APARSINALY = 26 mau paona
- 28 mph makani = 68 mau paona hope loa
- Hōʻoia i ka imbalancema nā papa heʻe
ʻO ka manuahi a me ke kakahiaka
Kuhiʻole i ka pahele thermal:
- Nā Pasted Pals (-1°F alo ma ka wela)
- Hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai (+59°F)
- Hōʻike Hashmal Swric:60°ʻO kaʻokoʻa koke
- SPASTE:Microbcs + alluminim face kaua
Ke hoʻokokokeʻana i nā hekili
ʻO ka pilikia uila uila
- Nā'ōlaʻi Solor = nā mea kūʻai uila uila
- ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ke koena
- Lethal pilikiaʻOiai me kaʻeha 6+ mile
Nā Windows Windows
Nā Kūlana Kūlana no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe:
- Hono:<12 Mph Saus, <20 mph gustts
- Ke manaʻana:45°F a 95°F stable
- LAHUI:<80% (Mālama i ka hoʻopaʻaʻana)
- Nā hekili:ʻAʻohe o loko o 10 mau mile mile
- ʻIke:>1,000 mau wāwae (ʻaʻohe o nā kūlana pili)
ʻO ka hewa koʻikoʻi # 7: Ke nānāʻole nei i nā hōʻailona hōʻeha
ʻO ka pōʻino i hōʻehaʻia
Ke nānāʻoleʻia i nā hōʻailona hōʻailona:
"ʻO nā" Micracracksic "Microcracks
ʻO ka holomua i hōʻikeʻia:
- Mahina 1:ʻO ka huluhulu lauoho 0.8 iniha (nānāʻoleʻia)
- Mahina 6:Hoʻonuiʻia i 3.2 iniha + e hoʻomaka ana i ka infiltration
- Mahina 12:Piha piha + pōkole circuit
- Mahina 18:ʻO ka hoʻololiʻana o ke kauʻana + i nā pōʻino collateral
- ʻO ke kumukūʻai hope:$ 3,200 (Repeadrable ma $ 240 mua)
Ke wehe nei i ka holomua
ʻO ka loiloi loea 10 kw hoʻonohonoho,'ākau karloli
- Ua nānāʻoleʻia nā hōʻailona mua no 16 mau mahina
- Ke hele nei i ka holomuaʻana:
- Mahina 3: E hoʻomālamalama māmā
- Mahina 9: Hoʻonui i ka 30% papa hana
- Mahina 16:ʻO ka degradation ākea + overheting
- ʻO ka liloʻana i ka lilo:-26% hoʻonohonoho holoʻokoʻa
- Koi koi:$ 13,800
"ʻAno" Frame Corrosionion
KA'ĀNUI ANA O KA MEA:
- Ka hoʻomakaʻana:Pale kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi
- MISTURE RAITER:Holomua kūloko kūloko
- Nā nāwaliwali o ka pilikia:Deformation ma lalo o ke kaumaha
- KA MANA:ʻO ka wai wai nui
- 'Ōnaehana holoʻokoʻa:Pono ka hoʻololi pihaʻana
Pale i ka nānāʻana i ka protocol
Nā Hōʻike Kūlana Nui (Ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi):
- Mahina:ʻO ka loiloi ākea ākea
- Quarterly:Pani paʻa paʻa paʻa
- Semi-makahiki:Ka ho'āʻoʻana i ka uila uila
- ALBILE:ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi
Hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū.
- ʻIkeʻia >0.4 iniha
- Hoʻolaha hānahi >2 Nā kikoʻehā
- Frame Corrosionion me ka bobbling
- Hana ka hopena >8% I kēlā me kēia pā
E hoʻohālikelike i kāu nānāʻana me kā mākou PVGIS24 cllculator Hoʻohui 'ana 20 i ka wā hikiʻole i ke aʻoʻana. ^.
Nā hopena kālā o nā hewa koʻikoʻi
Nā hopena hōʻoia hōʻike hana hana
'Ōnaehana'ōnaehana.
- Mālama mālama:ʻO nā huahana huahana Void (20-25 mau makahiki)
- ʻO ka pōʻino pilikino:Hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻia ka hōʻoiaʻana o ka hana
- Nā Voctocol Vieʻi:Kākoʻo kākoʻo
- Ua lilo ka waiwai hōʻoia:$ 10,000 a $ 30,000
ʻO nā leka uila i loaʻaʻoleʻia
Ua kākauʻia nā mea maʻamau:
- "ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka mālamaʻana i ka mālamaʻana"
- "ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻoleʻana i ka huahana
- "Hikiʻole ke hahai i nā lula palekana palekana"
- Ua hōʻoleʻia nā clam:68% o nā hihia ma 2023 Nā loiloi loea
Mea waiwai waiwai
ʻO ka hopena waiwai waiwai (ʻikepili Appraisal):
- ʻO ka hoʻonohonohoʻana: - $ 18,000 waiwai waiwai waiwai
- Nā hemahema kaulana loa: - $ 12,000 mākeke kūʻai
- ʻO nā pilikia palekana: - $ 35,000 (Unmarkeble waiwai)
ʻO nā hana hoʻopōkele post-hewa
ʻO ka loiloi hōʻino ma hope o nā hewa
Nā Kūlana Kūʻai:
- TRORHS ENTER:Hōʻike Hōʻike Hema
- Manaʻo ho'āʻoʻana:Ka palena + mau loa
- Nā Kūlana Kūlana:Integrity + nā mea waiwai i ka loiloi
- Ka loiloi waiwai:Hoʻoponopono hou i ka hoʻoholoʻana
Nā hopena hou
ʻO ka hana houʻana (Intervention i loko o 48 mau hola):
- ʻO nā microcracks mania
- Nā Kūlana Kūlana:ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi anti-corrosion
- Ua hikiʻole nā hōʻailona
- Kumukūʻai kumukūʻai:$ 280- $ 950 i kēlā me kēia papa
ʻO ka pōʻino i hikiʻole ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia
- Ma loko o ka cracking aniani
- ʻO ka lukuʻana i ka lukuʻana
- Hoʻolaha pololei iā Frassion
- Nā pōkole pōkole
- Kumukūʻai kumukūʻai:$ 480- $ 780 i kēlā me kēia pā hou
Hoʻolālā i ka mālama paleʻana me kā mākou E pili ana i keʻano hoʻonohonoho Hōʻalo i kēia mau hewa koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka pale a me nā hana maikaʻi loa
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa palekana
Nā mea liʻiliʻi e koiʻia:
- ʻO Solar Electrical palekana (nabcep hōʻoia e kuhikuhiʻia)
- ʻO ka paleʻana a me ka hana kiʻekiʻe
- Nā Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai
- ʻO ke aʻo mua / CPR
Mea hana mea kūʻai aku
ʻO ka hoʻokele palekana (kūʻai-kūʻai aku):
- Hoʻopiha PPE: $ 425
- Nā Kūlana i hōʻoiaʻia: $ 340
- Uaʻaeʻia nā meaʻaihue: $ 145
- ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua: $ 550
- Ka huina palekana palekana palekana:$ 1,460
ʻO ka helu helu SOFILD:
- Kāohi i kahi kuhi hewa = $ 5,000- $ 30,000 i mālamaʻia
- Hoʻihoʻiʻia ka uku kālā: + 2,000% liʻiliʻi i hōʻoiaʻia
Kāohi i nā'ōnaehana loiloi
Nānā i ka hana me kā mākou mau mea hana:
- Solar kālā Simulator:Kuhi hewa ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka loiloi hopena
- PVGIS 5.3:Nenormal ʻIkeʻo Degradation
- Hui'ōnaehana:Kuhi Kūpono protocol palekana
- Mālama faq:Hana maʻamau pilikia pilikia
Hopena: mālamaʻia ka paleʻana i nā tausani kālā
ʻO ka hanaʻana o ka 7 mau mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi o ka hoʻohanaʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma waena oʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa:
- 1,247 Ua hoʻopauʻia(ʻikepiliʻikepili 2023)
- $ 47.2 milionaI nā pōʻino pololei
- 203 mau pilikiae koi ana i ka haukapila
- 3,156 i hoʻopaʻa hōʻoiaMa muli o ka mālamaʻoleʻana
Kāohi i ka waiwai kūʻai ($ 1,460) pale:
- ʻO kāu'ōnaehana Solar ($ 10,000- $ 30,000)
- Nā Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai ($ 10,000- $ 30,000)
- Palekana pilikino (kumu kūʻai)
- Waiwai waiwai ($ 18,000- $ 35,000)
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lako palekana e hōʻike i ka hōʻoia o ka waiwai nui loa no kāu Solar waiwai.
Koʻikoʻi FAQ: Hōʻalo i nā hewa hewa
Hiki iaʻu ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe palekana i kaʻu mau pane iaʻu?
ʻAe, akā naʻe, me ka ikaika a me ka ikaika e pili ana i nā protocols 3 palekana. ʻO ke aʻoʻana ma mua o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana, piha ppe, kūpono Pono nā kūlana o ka wā. ʻO kekahi kānalua = hōʻoia i ka mea loea.
Pehea wau eʻike ai i nā huahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikia?
Hōʻalo i kekahi mea i loaʻa: Entids (HCL, H2SO4) abrasives. ʻO PH 6.5-7.5.5 i hōʻoiaʻia i nā huahana Solar a iʻole Ultra-Motra
He aha kaʻu i hana ai i kekahi o kēia mau hewa?
ʻO ka'ōnaehana hoʻonohonoho kokeʻana, e hoʻopili ana i ka uila ʻO ka maʻi maʻi hoʻoikaika koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole i nā hana hou a Amateur i nā ho'āʻoʻana = Smaranceed Dound escation.
ʻO nā microcracks maoli maoli kēlā?
Pau loa. ʻO ka hoʻolahaʻana o ka wai + waiʻole ka wai. ʻAʻohe microcrack "Invalicant." Ponoʻo Interventonition i loko o 48 mau hola kiʻekiʻe.
E hoʻomaʻemaʻe anei kaʻu inikua i nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe?
Pinepine. 68% o nā clams i hōʻoleʻia no ka "nānāʻoleʻia." Wale nō ka hoʻonāʻana: ka paleʻana i ka paleʻana a iʻole kaʻoihana ʻO ka mea kuleana no ka lawelawe lawelawe lawelawe hōʻoia.
Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke nānā i kaʻu mau pane ma hope o ka hana hewaʻana?
Nā Kūlana Multimeter>1mΩ), ka noʻonoʻoʻana i ke kāmela (ir samer), nānāʻike me ʻO ka kukui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, piʻiʻia ka hana hoʻohālikelike. Kekahi kānalua