Tataiso ea ho kenya Walr Panel: DIY e felletseng ea din le professiona

Tlhahlobo ea Morero oa Letsatsi la Letsatsi le Tlhahlobo

Tlhahlobo ea marulelo bakeng sa ho kenya ha Letsatsi

Pele u kenya lipanete tsa letsatsi, litekanyetso tse 'maloa tsa tekheniki li lekola ts'ebetso ea projeke ea hau:

TLHOKOMELISO: Li-module tsa letsatsi li hlahisa motlakase o matla ha o tobana le 'nete boroa, ka Boroa-bochabela le botšehali bo sa feleng bo boetse bo sebetsa. Marulelo a bochabela kapa a ka bophirimela a lula a sebetsa ka lebaka la tlhahiso ea 15-20% tahlehelo.

Angle e ntle: Angle e nepahetseng ho tloha ho likhato tse 30 ho isa ho 40 ho holisa selemo le selemo tlhahiso. Marulelo a bataletseng a lumella ho hlophisoa ho sebelisa lits'ebetso tse ikhethang.

Sebaka sa marulelo se fumanehang: Rala lijo tse ka bang 80-16-100 ka kw e kentsoe. E tloaelehileng ea 6 Sisteme ea bolulo e hloka maoto a 480 a 480 a 380 a mabeli a sa tloaelehang a sebaka se sa lokang.

Botšepehi ba Marong: Netefatsa hore marulelo a hau a ka ts'ehetsa liponto tse ling tse 2-4 ka sekwere leoto. Tlhahlobo ea sebopeho sa sebopeho e ka hlokahala bakeng sa matlo a mano kapa a marulelo a leoatle.

Palo ea letsatsi e ka ba teng PVGIS

Ho lekola ka nepo tlhahiso ea hau ea ts'ebetso ea hau ea pele, sebelisa PVGIS24 Calculator e kenyelletsang data ea meteorolo ea morao-rao mme e fana ka likarolo tse tsoetseng pele tsa tlhahlobo. Version ena e felletseng e lumella hore o ntlafatse hore o ntlafatse sebopeho sa marang-rang, le tlhophiso ea tsamaiso ea sistimi.

Haeba u le ncha ho tlhahlobo ea letsatsi, mahala PVGIS 5.3 Calculator e fana ka likhakanyo tsa pele tsa pele tsa bokhoni ba hau ba tlhahiso. Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea boikatono ho kenyelletsa merero ea lichelete, buisana le rona tlatsa PVGIS Tataiso Ho qaqisa tsohle tse fumanehang Likaroloana.

Melaetsa ea letsatsi le letsatsi le tumello ea 2025

LITLHAKISO TSA BOPHELO: E hlokahala bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsohle tsa marulelo tsa marulelo, ho lumellanya hangata ho ke ho nka 2-6 Ho latela libeke. Fana ka lits'ebetso ka merero ea sebaka sa marang-rang, li-schematics tsa motlakase, le sebopeho lipalo.

Likhoutu tsa moaho oa lehae: Netefatsa ho latela khoutu ea Motlakase ea Naha (Nec), International Khoutu ea bolulo (Irc) le liphetoho tsa lehae. Litlhokahalo tsa morao-rao tsa mollo ka tloaelo li-contina tse 3-maoto ho Metshekomo la marulelo.

Ts'ebeliso ea Ts'ebetso: Litumelo tsa Metetso tsa Neter li hloka tumello ea ts'ebetso pele ho sistimi Khomishene. Linako tsa ho sebetsana li fapana ho tloha ho libeke tse 2-8 ho ipapisitse le boholo ba sistimi le melaoana ea tsamaiso.

Hoa andvals: Limiti tse ngata tsa lapeng le mong'a ntlo li ka thibela ho kenya tšebetsong ha letsatsi le letsatsi e ka beha litlhokahalo tse ntle kapa lithibelo tsa ho beha.

Sekhetho sa lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi le likarolo

Mefuta ea liphanele tsa letsatsi le letsatsi bakeng sa ho kenya

Menocrystalline Panels: Ho isa tšebetsong ea 19-23%, libui tsena li fana ka holimo ts'ebetso ka maoto ka maoto. Li-25+ tsa bona tsa 25+ tsa bophelo li lokafatsa litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa ho phahamisoa bakeng sa setereke Ho kenya.

PELYCYSTTALINE LITLHAKISO: Ka thuso ea 15-19%, e fana ka molemo o motle bakeng sa boholo lits'ebetso tsa bolulo. Mahlale a bona a netefatsang a tiisa ts'ebetso ea nako e telele ea ho tšehetsa litheko.

Li-panels tsa lifilimi tse tšesaane: E feto-fetoha ebile e bobebe, ba ikamahanya le maemo a rarahaneng a geometeri kapa li-controlts tsa meralo. Ho sebetsa ka tlase (10-13%) ho hloka libaka tse kholo tsa ho kenya empa li sebetsa hantle lithemparetjha.

Litsamaiso tsa sehlekehleke le matla a matla a matla

Li-invitters: Tharollo e sebetsang ea likokoana-hloko bakeng sa likokelo tse sa fetoheng, li-cranction DC ho AC ho sokoloha. Li-hade tsa bona tsa limithara tse 10-15 hangata li hloka ho nka sebaka sa ho se be teng nakong ea lipenele.

Bahloli ba matla: Ho kopanya khoele ea Moruo o nang le motlakase o nang le Oite-boemo ba Module-Boemo Ho fokotsa litšusumetso tse matla ha a ntse a fana ka bokhoni ba ho beha leihlo.

Li-microinverts: E kentsoe ka tlasa phanele ka seng, ba holisa tlhahiso marulelong a rarahaneng sebopeho le ho fana ka mamello e phahameng haholo. Litsenyehelo tse phahameng li lokeloa ke lits'ebetso tse thata.

Litsamaiso tsa ho ntlafatsa le tse racking

Aluminium a lahlela likhoto Terene e tepelletseng ho latela moea oa lehae le Meroalo ea lehloa e boletsoeng ka har'a likhoutu tsa moaho.

Makhopho a marulelo a fapana ka marulelo a marulelo (shingle, lithaelese, tšepe, TPO) mme li lokela ho kena Li-Rafters tsa sebopeho bakeng sa ho paka.

Litsamaiso tsa ho khoptjoa le tse tiisang thepa e marulelong.

Mohato oa mohato oa letsatsi la letsatsi

Mohato oa 1: Litokisetso le polokeho

Lisebelisoa tsa polokeho ea polokeho ea polokeho ea letsatsi la letsatsi:

1. Osha-Code-Coffent SirecastKa lintlha tsa thuto ea dorsal le tse ntle
2. An it pansi z89.1Bakeng sa tšusumetso le khatello ea ts'ebetso
3. Liphoofolo tse seng tsa polokeho ea SlipKa ts'ireletso ea thepa ea motlakase
4. Li-gloves tse sehiloeng tsa mosebetsiansi A3 kapa ho feta
5. Sistimi ea Metsi ea Metsi a Genengkapa e netefalitsoeng ea anchor e lekantsoe li-lbs 5,000 lbs

Hlahloba maemo a leholimo: Qoba ho kenya ka moea ho feta ho feta tse 25 mph, pula, kapa mocheso o ka tlase 20°F. Mocheso o sebetsang oa FAPIMAL ho tloha 40°F ho 80°F bakeng sa ho sebetsana le karolo e sireletsehileng ea karolo ea moea.

Mohato oa Bobeli: Ho tšoaea le ho tšoaea le ho peteloa ha pelo

Sebaka sa Rafter: Sebelisa sethunya sa stud kapa probe e nang le hanyane ho ea ho seha sebopeho se hlakileng litho tsa marulelo. Mark Rafter Country bakeng sa sebaka se nepahetseng sa sehokelo sa sehokelo sa khoebo.

Kholo ea sehokelo: Boloka boholo ba 48-inch lipakeng tsa lintlha tse hokahaneng. Ka moea o phahameng Libaka, fokotsa sekhahla sa li-inched tse 32-40 ka litlhaloso tsa moetsi.

Mahlanya a leholimo a leholimo:

• Litsela tsa mokhanni oa Drill tse nang le li-bits tse boholo bo boholo bakeng sa li-bolts tse loketseng tsa lag
• Hlakisa maloanlahla ohle pele ho kenyelletsoa
• Kenya kopo marulelo a marulelo a leoatle kapa epdm ho potoloha le ho pena
• Li-Duttera tsa toropo butle butle ho isa litlhaloso tsa moetsi ntle le ho tiisa

Mohato oa 3: Ho kenya Rail

Ho lekanya le ho hokahanya: Sebelisa maemo a laser kapa maemo a metsi ho netefatsa ho atignment e phethahetseng. Phapang e feta 1/8 Inch ka maoto a 10 e tla tlosa ts'ebetso ea Panel.

Khokahano e sireletsehileng: Li-lag tsa Torque lag bolts ho 25-35 ft-lbs ho latela litlhaloso tsa moetsi. Netefatsa motsamao oa zero kamora ho tiisa.

Netefatso ea metsi: Hlahloba lintlha tsohle tse amanang le tsona 'me u sebelise li-alant tse ling haeba ho hlokahala. Metsi ha aa lokela ho bua le ho pota-potiloe ho potoloha lisebelisoa tsa khokahano.

Mohato oa 4: Palle Panel e nyoloha

Ho sebetsana le Safe: Kamehla sebetsa le molekane ha o ntse o tsamaea ka mokhoa o hlakileng. Jara lidule ka aluminium ea tsona liforeimi, le ka mohla ha ho mohla ekare mabokose kapa likhoele.

Setifikeiti sa Terene: Sebelisa li-cap tsa moetsi oa litholoana le lilakane tsa bohareng. Torque ho hlalosoa boleng (hangata 8-12 ft-lbs) ntle le liforeimi tse sa sebetseng tsa aluminium.

Module ea phethisanang: Boloka likheo tse 0,25-0.5 lipakeng tsa li-panels tse kholo bakeng sa keketseho ea mocheso le ka nepo drainage.

Mohato oa 5: Dc wiring ea motlakase le khokahano

Series vs. Parallel Wiring:

• Series Wiring o eketsa voltage (30v → 60v → 90v ka panel)
• Monate oa matloana o eketseha ha joale ha a ntse a boloka Voltage
• Hlompha limpimpi tsa voltage limpion (hangata tse 300v ho 600v e phahameng)

Ts'ireletso ea motlakase: Kenya li-fis tsa DC li lekantsoe ho 125% ea sekhukhuni se bokhutšoanyane. E mong le e mong Khoele e hloka tšireletso ea motho ea tlhaho.

Lisebelisoa tse Ikemetseng: Tlama Metsoako e Metlellic (rails, liforeimi, li-racking) ho ea tlase Sistimi ea electrode e sebelisa makhetlo a 12 ea koporo e nyane.

Mohato oa 6: Ho kenya ka ho khetheha le khokahano ea AC

Ho beha thepa e nepahetseng:

• Sebaka se futhumetseng hantle se nang le mocheso o haufi ka tlase ho 104°F
• Ts'ireletso ea boemo ba leholimo e lekantsoe bonyane bonyane bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa kantle
• Phihlello e bonolo ea ho lokisa
• Bophahamo ba limithara tse 150 ho tloha harral array (ho fokotsa voltage ea voltage ea lerotholi)

Khokahano ea Motlakase: Latela bahlahisi ba feishene hantle. Sebelisa Meteo satepOf MC4 Lihokela le li-uv-li-uv-li-uv-li-uv tsa ka tlung.

Khomishene ea Sisteme: E matlafatsang ho ea pele, ebe u koala DC disconnect. Netefatsa tlhahiso ho pontsho le ho lekola ts'ebeliso.

Tlhahlobo ea lichelete le ho senya litšenyehelo tsa theko ea 2025

Lintho tse qaqileng tsa theko

Mohlala oa litheko tsa 6 kw:

• Ho kenya Diyction: $ 9,000- $ 12,000
• Ho kenngoa ha litsebi: $ 15,000- $ 24,000

Lits'itiso tsa Federal le State

Mokitlane oa Ferral Walral Wastment (ITC): 30% ea li-sytions tse felletseng li theko e tlase ho 2032, e fokotsa ho 26% ka 2033 le 22% ka 2034 pele e felloa ke nako ea ho kenya bolulo.

Lenaneo la Bula ka mananeo: Ba bangata ba fana ka chelete e eketsehileng ea chelete e tsoang ho $ 0,20 ho $ 1.00 ka setifikeiti se kentsoeng. Lekola Database ea LITLHAKISO TSA BOPHELO BA LITLHAKISO TSA HO FIHLA & O sebetsa hampe (dsa) bakeng sa mananeo a hajoale.

Maano a Neter a Neter: Boholo ba linaha bo hloka lits'ebeletso ho ea mokoloto oa letsatsi ho Litefiso tsa matrail, leha profiri e fapana haholo ke matla.

Litemoso tsa Lekhetho la Thepa: Lits'ebetso tsa batho ba bangata ha li na letsatsi la letsatsi ho tsoa lekhetho la thepa Litlhahlobo, li sirelletsa beng ba matlo ho tsoa ho boleng bo eketsehileng ba ho eketseha.

Ho ntlafatsa chelete ea hau ea lichelete, sebelisa rona Silar lichelete tsa letsatsi e fumanehang Pholoso e nepahetseng e ipapisitse le mekhoa ea hau ea tšebeliso le sebaka.

Mokhoa oa tlhokomelo le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso

Litlhokahalo tsa ho thibela Tlhokomelo ea Tlhokomelo

Ho hloekisa likonopo: Rala ho hloekisoa ha batho ba tloaelehileng ka metsi a mabe le sesepanyo se bonolo. Qoba lisebelisoa tse hlekefetsang tse sa tloaelehang khalase le fokotsa phetiso e bobebe. Li-panels tse litšila li fokotsoa ka 5-15%.

Tlhahlobo ea khokahano: Leka selemo le selemo lekola maemo a motlakase a motlakase le boemo ba cable. Sheba bakeng sa thupelo, incractions e robehileng, kapa lihokelo tse ntle.

Tlhokomelo e sa sebetseng: Ho itlhoekisa ka khoeli le khoeli Pheta lifaele tsa moea ka li-averts tse kholo joalo ka ha ho boletsoe ke bahlahisi.

Ho lekola ts'ebetso le ho hlahlojoa

Mohlophisi oa letsatsi le letsatsi ka likopo tse ka sehloohong kapa lits'ebetso tsa tumello tsa tumello. Tlhahiso ea 10% + Marotholi a bontša ho kula.

Bapisa ts'ebetso ea bona PVGIS24 Calculator likhakanyo ho bona bo-'mal. Ho kheloha ho sa feleng ho feta setsebi sa tumello sa 4% Tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo.

Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea data e tsoetseng pele, buisana le PVGIS Litokomane Ho fana ka Tutorial e qaqileng ho Liphetho tsa Phello.

Liphoso tse tloaelehileng tsa ho kenya

Liphoso tse 7 tsa nako ea nako ea nako ea letsatsi:

1. Sisteme e u fokotsang:Ho kenya bokhoni bo sa lekanang ba mabaka a moruo bo fokotsa ka kakaretso Morero o khutla
2. Boikemisetso bo bobe ba pele:Ho hlokomoloha lithuto tsa ho pepeseha ha letsatsi ho ka bitsa 20-30% ea bokhoni Tlhahiso
3. Ho hlapaola:Panel e le 'ngoe e senyehileng e ka ama ts'ebetso eohle ea likhoeleto TLHOKOMELISO
4. Khokahano e sa lekaneng ea sebopeho:Ho sekisetsa ho thata ho mela ea lisebelisoa tsa thata o tsoa
5. Monate oa Motlakase:Likhokahano tse lokolohileng li theha likotsi tsa mollo le litlolo tsa khoutu
6. Tšireletso ea Motlakase:Ho nka khanyetso e fosahetseng le ho ala polokeho ea sistimi ea sistimi
7. Phoso ea Kholiseho:Ho hlokomoloha litlhoko tsa Nec le liphetoho tsa lehae tsa lehae le Bochabela

Ho rarolla mathata a tloaelehileng a ts'ebetso

E tlase ho feta tlhahiso e lebelletsoeng:

• Netefatsa ho se be teng ha kholo e ncha ea limela (limela tsa limela, kaho e haufinyane)
• Hlahloba bohloeki ba Polonse le ho bokelloa
• Lekola tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso le likhoutu tsa liphoso

Mekhoa ea khafetsa ea sistimi:

• Netefatsa tsela e nepahetseng ea ts'ireletso e nepahetseng
• Hlahloba Botšepehi ba DC Cans
• Lekanya litšitiso tsa sisteme (e lokela ho ba <25 ohms)

Khutlela ho matsete le merero ea lichelete

Lipalo tse nepahetseng tsa phaello

Ho boloka chelete ka selemo:

• Southwest (Arizona, Nevada): $ 1,200- $ 1,800 bakeng sa System ea 6 KW
• California: $ 1,400- $ 2,200 bakeng sa sistimi ea 6 kw
• Lebotho (New York, Massachusetts): $ 900- $ 1,400 bakeng sa sistimi ea 6 KW
• Southeast (Florida, Texas): $ 1,000- $ 1,600 bakeng sa sistimi ea 6 kw

Linako tsa 'nete:

• Ho kenya Diy: 4-7 lilemo tse 4-7 ho latela sebaka
• Ho kenngoa ha setsebi: Lilemo tse 6-10
• Ka mokoloto oa lekhetho la Federal: Phokotso ea selemo sa 2-3

Melemo ea 25-ea lilemo tsa lilemo: Litsamaiso tse etselitsoeng hantle li hlahisa 200-00% li khutla ka pele matsete ka bophelo ba bona ba lipapali.

Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea projeke ea hau ea botho ho kenyelletsa litheko tsa lits'ebetso tsa lehae le mananeo a khothalletsang, a hlahloba likarolo tse tsoetseng pele ho rona Morero oa ngoliso.

LIPOTSO TSE BOTSOANG HANGATA

Ho kenya nako ea letsatsi ho nka nako e kae?

Ho kenngoa ha litsebi hangata ho hloka matsatsi a 1-3 bakeng sa sistimi ea bolulo e 6 ea ho lula le ho feta, hammoho le nako e eketsehileng ea Tlhahlobo ea motlakase le thibelo ea ts'ebeliso. Lits'ebetso tsa Diy ka kakaretso ho na le linako tsa beke tsa beke le beke.

Na nka kenya ka mokhoa o hlakileng oa ho kenya litšila?

E, ho kenya mong'a ntlo ea mong'a ntlo ho molaong haholo lilemong tsa morao-rao. Leha ho le joalo, mosebetsi oa motlakase o tlameha ho kopana le litlhoko tsa Nec, Mefuta e mengata e hloka tlhahlobo ea motlakase e laetsoeng pele e le thibelo ea thibelo. Bahlahisi ba bang ba ka senyeha li-waranti ntle le ho kenya.

Li-peforsan tsa 'nete tsa letsatsi ke eng?

Bahlahisi ba factionrs ba etsoang ho 80% ea motlakase kamora lilemo tse 25. Li-panels tsa boleng bo tloaelehileng hangata li boloka ts'ebetso ea 85-90% ka mor'a Lilemo tse 25 'me u tsoelepele ho hlahisa lilemo tse 35-40 tse nang le phepelo ea selemo le selemo ea 0.5%.

Na ho kenya letsoho ho tlalehiloeng ha letsatsi?

Ho kenya letsoho ka letsatsi la ho lula letsatsi ho tšoaneleha bakeng sa mekoloto ea lekhetho ea koporal ntle le litlhokahalo tsa ho tlaleha. Khoebo Ho kenya letsoho ho ka hlahisa melemo ea nyenyefatso 'me e hloka ho buisana ka lekhetho.

Ho thoe'ng ka ho senya lehloeo le ho senya maemo a leholimo?

Li-panels tsa letsatsi li eme ka makhetlo a 1-inch hul a 50 mph per pins Inshorense ea mong'a ntlo hangata e koahelang ho senya maemo a leholimo. Tšenyo ea Tokomane hang-hang ka lifoto ebe u fumana likhakanyo tsa lokisa.

Nka eketsa boitšoaro ba letsatsi joang?

NAKO E LINTHO TSE KHOLO (Barekisi ba Mabone Pm). Tsamaiso ea Tsamaiso ea Smart e ka iketsetsa tšebetso ena le ho eketsa boinotšing ho tloha 30% ho isa ho 70%.

Sephetho le mehato e latelang

Ho kenya ha Pal pa Panel ho emela letsete la nako e telele bakeng sa beng ba matlo ba Amerika. Ka moralo o nepahetseng le Ho bolaoa, Sisteme ea hau ea lifoto e ka tlisa chelete e fetang lilemo tse 30.

Ketso tsa hau tse latelang:

1. Lekola bokhoni ba hau ba letsatsiu sebelisa PVGIS24 Calculator Bakeng sa likhakanyo tse ntle tse thehiloeng ho tokiso ea hau Sebaka le litšobotsi tsa marulelo
2. Mohlala oa projeke ea Motheole rona Simulator ea lichelete ho kenyelletsa sebaka sa heno Litlhophiso le litefiso tsa ts'ebeliso
3. Atoloha tsebo ea hauka rona PVGIS blog Ho koahela liketsahalo tsa morao-rao tsa letsatsi le maano a ho ntlafatsa

Bakeng sa lipotso tse ikhethang tsa mahlale kapa tataiso e ikhethileng, rona PVGIS Sehlopha se fana ka tšehetso e felletseng ka Rona Portal ea litokomane e nang le lintlha tse hlakileng joang ho Lithuto.

Matla a Motšehare a fetola kamano ea hau ka litšenyehelo tsa motlakase. Molekane le PVGIS ho tlisa Ho nepahala ha saense ho phetoho ea hau e nchafalitsoeng ea matla.