I-Solar Panel Recycling kanye nezixazululo Zomnotho we-Circoum wokusimama

Ukuqonda umnotho oyindilinga welanga

Umnotho oyindilinga e-Photovoltaics umele ukumpompela imali ephelele ye-Solar Panel Liffycles. Ngokungafani ne Imodeli yendabuko "ekhishwe ngokukhiqiza imodeli", le ndlela ebeka phambili kabusha, ukusebenzisa kabusha, kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo ukuvuselelwa kabusha.

Lokhu kuguqulwa kuhlanganisa izimiso eziningana eziyisisekelo eziguqula ilanga lendabuko kusondela ekukhiqizeni. I-Eco-Eartiving Design ihlanganisa ukuphindaphindeka kwengxenye kusuka esigabeni sokuthuthukiswa, Inika amandla ukuhlukaniswa okulula kwezinto ezibonakalayo ekugcineni kwempilo. Ukulungiselela ama-solar ukufakwa ama-lifessans kwakha omunye Insika ebalulekile, enamaphaneli enzelwe ukusebenza kahle iminyaka engama-25-30.

Ukuthuthukiswa kweqoqo elikhethekile kanye neziteshi zokucubungula ezihambisana nale ndlela, kwakha okuphelele i-volization emystem. Lezi Inqubo Yokukhiqiza izinto ezintsha Manje vumela amazinga okuvuselela kabusha ahlaba umxhwele angaphezu kwama-95% ezakhi ezithile.

Inselelo ye-Solar Panel Recycling

Ukwakheka kanye nezinto zokwakha kabusha

Amaphaneli elanga aqukethe izinto eziningi ezibalulekile ezitholakalayo. I-Silicon imele cishe ama-76% aphelele isisindo futhi kungahlanzwa ukudala ama-wafers amasha. I-Aluminium evela kumafreyimu, iphinde isebenze kabusha kalula, yakha ama-8% we isisindo. Ingilazi, emelela ama-3% esisindo, ingaphinde isetshenziswe kabusha ekukhiqizeni amamojula amasha noma kwezinye izimboni Izicelo.

Izinsimbi eziyigugu ezinjengesiliva, zikhona ekuxhumeni kukagesi, zinenani elibalulekile lezomnotho liyamangaza ukululama kwabo. I-Copper kusuka ku-wiring yangaphakathi nayo ingakhishwa futhi ibuyekezwe kabusha. Lokhu ukwakheka okucebile ngaphakathi Izinto ezisetshenziswa kabusha ziguqula iphaneli ngalinye le-End Life libe imayini yangempela yasemadolobheni.

Amavolumu we-Photovoltaic Metroums

I-International Renacter Energy Agency (iRena) ilinganisela ukuthi amathani angama-78 wezigidi zamaphaneli elanga azofinyelela ukuphela kwempilo ngo-2050. Lokhu ukuqagela okukhulu kuvela kusuka ekuqhumeni kokufakwa kwelanga kusukela ngo-2000s. Phakathi kwa- I-Europe, amapulazi okuqala afakiwe elanga afakiwe manje afinyelela ekugcineni kwawo.

Lesi simo simelela kanyekanye inselelo enkulu yezemvelo kanye nethuba eliphakeme lezomnotho. Inani lezinto ezitholakalayo zingafinyelela ama- $ 15 billion ngo-2050, ngokusho kwezilinganiso ze-Irena. Leli Umbono ugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda yokuvuselela kabusha eguquguqukayo nenzuzo.

Ubuchwepheshe kanye nezinqubo zokuphinda usebenzise kabusha

Izindlela zokukhipha izifiso

Inqubo yokuphinda usebenzise kabusha iqala ngokuhlukanisa izakhi ezihlukile. Amafreyimu we-aluminium asuswe ngomshini, Inika amandla ukululama okuqondile kwensimbi. Amabhokisi okuhlangana namakhebuli adilizwa ngokwahlukana ukuze akhiphe ithusi futhi izinto zepulasitiki.

Ukuhlukanisa ingilazi kanye ne-silicon cell kwakha isinyathelo esibucayi kakhulu. Izindlela eziningana zezobuchwepheshe okwamanje coexist. Ukwelashwa okushisa okuphezulu okuphezulu (500°C) kuvumela ukubola kwe-EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) amaseli amaseli agculekeli. Le ndlela, ngenkathi inamandla - inikela ngamanani aphezulu wokutakula.

Izinqubo zamakhemikhali ezisebenzisa izixazululo ezithile zethula enye indlela ehlukile, ukulondolozwa okungcono okutholakele ubuqotho. Lezi ubuchwepheshe obusha Manje ziyasebenza ku Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha ngokwenza kahle ukulungiswa okubonakalayo okubonakalayo.

Ukuhlanzwa Kwezinto Ezibonakalayo kanye NeValorization

Uma sekuhlukanisiwe, izinto zokwenziwa zokwelapha okuthuthukile. I-Silicon Ebuyiselwe idinga ukufakwa kwamakhemikhali izinqubo zokuqeda ukungcola kwensimbi nezinsalela zokudla. Lokhu kuhlanzwa kwenza ukuthola i-silicon ye Ikhwalithi eyanele yokukhiqiza amaphaneli amasha.

Isiliva, insimbi eyigugu kakhulu emaphaneli, ithola amasu wokutakula anenkani. Ukukhishwa Kwe-Acid Leashing ivumela ukululama kuze kube yi-99% yesiliva lamanje. I-Copper ilandela izinqubo ezifanayo namanani aphezulu wokutakula.

Lezi zinto ezihlanjululwe bese zihlangana ziye Izinyathelo Zokukhiqiza Ezisemqoka, ukudala okuvaliwe kwangempela loop. Le ndlela eyindilinga inciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ze-virgin kanye ne-carbon footprint ephelele.

Umthelela Wezemvelo Nezinzuzo

Ukwehliswa kwezinyawo zekhabhoni

Umnothweni oyindilinga osetshenziselwa amaphaneli elanga akhiqiza izinzuzo eziningi zemvelo. I-Silicon Recycling iyakugwema I-85% yokukhishwa kwe-CO2 exhunywe eMkhiqizweni we-Silicon Virtucon. Lokhu kugcina kumelela cishe amathani ayi-1,4 ugweme i-CO2 ngethani ye-silicon esetshenzisiwe.

Ukubuyiselwa kwe-Aluminium kugwema ama-95% okuphuma axhumeke ekukhiqizeni okuyisisekelo. Ukucabanga ngephaneli liqukethe Cishe i-15 kg ye-aluminium, ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha kugwema ukuphuma kwe-165 kg CO2 okulingana ngephaneli ngalinye. Lokhu okulondoloziwe Ukuqongelela ngokushesha nge-Volumes ekhuphukayo.

Ukuhlaziywa okuphelele kwe Umthelela wezemvelo wamandla elanga umkhiqizo Kukhombisa ukuthi ukuhlanganisa umnotho oyindilinga kunganciphisa i-Photovoltaic jikelele I-Carbon Footprint ngo-30- 40%. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa okubalulekile kuqinisa isikhundla sikaSolar njengoSustable Umthombo wamandla.

Ukulondolozwa kwezinsiza zemvelo

Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kugcina izinsiza zemvelo ezilinganiselwe zivame ukugxila. I-Metallurgical-grade Silicon Dinga amadiphozithi we-quartz ahlanzekile aphezulu, insiza engavuselelwa. Ukubuyisa i-silicon kumaphaneli amadala kunciphisa ingcindezi kula ma-deposits wemvelo.

Isiliva, ligxeka imboni ye-Photovoltaic, iveza izindawo zokugcina zomhlaba jikelele. Ngokusetshenziswa okumele I-10% yokukhiqizwa kwesiliva komhlaba wonke, imboni yelanga incike kakhulu kuleli nsimbi eliyigugu. Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha kunika amandla Ukwakha isitoko sesiliva sesibili, ukunciphisa ukuncika kwezimayini zamabanga aphansi.

Lesi sisetshenziswa sihambisana nemithelela encishisiwe yezemvelo exhumene nokukhishwa kwezimayini. Bambalwa izimayini Amasayithi asho ukuphazamiseka okuncane kwezemvelo, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuncane, kanye nokungcoliswa okumbalwa okungcolisa.

Izinselelo Zokuqalisa kanye Nezixazululo

Izithiyo Zezomnotho Zamanje

Inselelo enkulu yomnotho oyindilinga we-Photovoltaic uhlala ezomnotho. Ukuqoqwa, ukuthutha, kanye nezindleko zokucubungula Amaphaneli asetshenzisiwe avame ukwedlula inani elibonakalayo elibonakalayo. Lesi simo sivela kumavolumu angenamikhawulo futhi ukungabi bikho kwezomnotho.

Amanani entengo e-Silicon e-Virtual, ikakhulukazi aphansi kusukela ngo-2022, yenza kabusha i-silicon esetshenzisiwe incintisana ngokomnotho. Lokhu okuluhlaza Ukuguquguquka kwamanani ezibonakalayo kuhlanganisa nokuvuselelwa kabusha kwezimali ukuhlela. Izinkampani ziyangabaza ukutshala imali kakhulu ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa kwenzuzo yesikhathi eside.

Ukungabikho kwemithetho ebophayo emazweni amaningi futhi kunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe. Ngaphandle kokuvuselelwa okusemthethweni Izibopho, abanikazi abaningi bakhetha okuncane kakhulu kodwa izisombululo ezingezinhle zempilo ezingezinhle.

Ukuthuthukisa iziteshi ezikhethekile

Ukwakha iziteshi ezikhethekile zokuvuselela kabusha kudinga ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabadlali abaningi. Abakhiqizi bephaneli, Abafaki, abamangalisi, kanye nabathengi kumele bahlanganyele eduze. Lokhu kusebenzisana kukhulisa isinyathelo ngasinye senqubo futhi yehlisa izindleko eziphelele.

Izikhungo zokuqoqa zesifunda ezisafufusa zisiza ukungena kwezinto futhi zinciphise izindleko zokuhamba. Lawa ma-Hubs ahlangana amaphaneli okuphela kokuphila ngaphambi kokujikeleza ukucubungula amasayithi. Le nhlangano yezwe yandisa ukugeleza futhi kuthuthukisa inzuzo yezomnotho.

Ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe be-mobile Recyclies kumelela okusha okuthembisayo. Lawa amayunithi okuhambisa angasebenza Amaphaneli ngqo ezindaweni zokukhipha amasayithi, anciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokudla. Le ndlela ehlukanisiwe evumelana ikakhulukazi ekufakweni okukhulu.

Izinhlelo nezinqubomgomo nezinqubomgomo

I-European Weee Directive

Umthethonqubo we-European Union we-European Photovoltaic Recycling Regulation nge-weee (imfucuza kagesi kanye ne-elekthronikhi Imishini) umyalo. Lo mthetho ubeka isibopho somkhiqizi oweluliwe kubakhiqizi, esibopho Bahlele ukuhlela kanye nokuqoqwa komkhiqizo nokuphinda basebenzise kabusha.

Umyalelo ubeka izinhloso ezifiselayo ngezinga elingu-85% lokuthola isisindo sephaneli eliqoqiwe kanye nesilinganiso sokuphinda usebenzise kabusha. Lokhu kubopha imibundu ebopha ubuchwepheshe nokucubungula ukutshala imali kwengqalasizinda. Umnikelo okhokhelwe ezimalini zokuthenga le misebenzi.

Le ndlela yokulawula idala izinhlaka ezizinzile ezikhuthaza ukutshalwa kwemali okuyimfihlo. Izinkampani zingahlelela isikhathi eside Imisebenzi, ukwazi ukufunwa kabusha kuqinisekiswe ngokomthetho. Lokhu kuvikeleka okungokomthetho okuvela ekunikezelweni okunikezelwe imikhakha yezimboni.

Izinhlelo Zakwamanye Amazwe

Emhlabeni jikelele, uhlelo lwe-International Energy Agency Photovoltaic Power Systems (IEA PVPS) luxhumanisa i-solar Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha ucwaningo. Lokhu kusebenzisana kwamanye amazwe kusiza ukwaba ubuchwepheshe nokuzijwayeza okuhle kakhulu Harmonization. Amazwe angamalungu amalungu ashintshana ngokuhlangenwe nakho nokuhlakulela izixazululo ezintsha.

I-PV Cycle Initiative, inhlangano engenzi inzuzo, ihlela ukuqoqwa kwephaneli ye-Photovoltaic kanye nokuphinda usebenzise kabusha ngo-18 Amazwe aseYurophu. Lesi sakhiwo esihlangene se-mutualizes sibiza futhi siqinisekisa insizakalo enobungozi ngaphesheya izindawo. Kuqoqwe amathani angaphezu kwama-40,000 amaphaneli kusukela kwadalwa.

Lezi zindlela zomhlaba wonke zilungiselela ukuvumelanisa umkhawulo wesikhathi esizayo. Injongo ihlose ukusungula umhlaba wonke Amazinga wokuphinda usebenzise kabusha, okwenza ukushintshaniswa kwezentengiso kanye nokwenza kahle iziteshi zokucubungula.

Ukusangula okusha nobuchwepheshe

Idizayini yokuphinda usebenzise kabusha

Amaphaneli eNew Solar Panels ahlanganisa izingqinamba zokuphela kokuphila kusuka ekukhulelweni. I-Eco-Design Iza kuqala izinto ezihlukanisiwe kanye nemihlangano engonakalisiwe. Lokhu "ukwakheka kokuphinda usebenzise kabusha" kuyashintsha Imboni ye-Photovoltaic.

Ukusungulwa kufaka phakathi ukunamathela okukhohlisayo esikhundleni sokubuyisela i-EVA yendabuko. Lezi zinhlamvu ezintsha ziyancibilika phansi Izinga lokushisa, lula ingilazi nokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kunciphisa amandla okuvuselela amandla ukusetshenziswa futhi kuhlolisise kangcono ubuqotho ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo.

Kusetshenziswa amafreyimu ahlangene ngokuqhubekayo athatha indawo ye-welded ozimele. Lokhu kuziphendukela kwemvelo kwenza okulula ukudiliza ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kwe-aluminium. Izixhumi Zogesi Ezisuswayo nazo zisiza izintambo futhi ziyigugu ukululama kwensimbi.

Ukufakwa kwe-On-Site Recycling

Ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe be-mobile Recycling baguqula ukuphathwa kokufakwa kwama-solar okukhulu. Lezi zinto ezizimele Amaphaneli ecubungula ngqo esizeni, ukugwema ukuthutha nokuphatha. Le ndlela inciphisa kakhulu imali izindleko kanye nokuphinda usebenzise i-carbon footprint.

Lezi zinhlelo zeselula zihlanganisa zonke izinyathelo zokucubungula ezitsheni ezimile. Ukudiliza, ukwahlukana, kanye Ukuhlanzwa kwenzeka emibukeni evaliwe. Izinto zokwakha ezibuyiselwe zihlanganiswa ukuhlanganisa kabusha kwezimboni nikeza amaketanga.

Lokhu okusha kufakazela ukuguqulwa ikakhulukazi emapulazini amakhulu elanga afinyelela ekufeni-kwempilo ngasikhathi sinye. Thutha ukonga kanye nokusingathwa okuncishisiwe kuthuthukisa inzuzo yokuvuselela kabusha.

Izicelo ezisebenzayo namathuluzi wokuhlola

Ukushintshela emnothweni oyindilinga kudinga amathuluzi anamandla wokuhlola ukukala imvelo nakwezomnotho Izinzuzo. Le khasi PVGIS Okokubala ilanga Manje kuhlanganisa ukugcwala okuphelele Amamojula wokuhlaziya, kufaka phakathi izigaba zokuphinda usebenzise kabusha.

Lawa mathuluzi anika amandla ochwepheshe ukuthi ahlole umthelela wemvelo wemvelo yokufakwa kwe-Photovoltaic ngaphezulu kwawo yonke impilo. Ukuhlanganisa kabusha izimo zokuphinda usebenzise kabusha ekubalweni inzuzo kusiza abenzi bezinqumo Khetha izixazululo ezinzile kakhulu. Le khasi PVGIS simulator yezezimali okunikezwayo okuphelele ukuhlaziya kwezomnotho kufaka izindleko zokuphela kwezindleko zokuphila.

Emiphakathini yabandakanyeka ekushintsheni kwamandla, amadolobha elanga ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwe-photovoltaic kwemfucuza ye-photovoltaic amasu. Lezi zindlela zezwe zixhumanisa ukuthuthukiswa kwelanga kanye nokusungulwa kwesiteshi sendawo.

Imibono yesikhathi esizayo

Umnotho we-Photovoltaic uzothola ukushesha okukhulu eminyakeni ezayo. Ukwanda okubonakalayo ku Amavolumu wephaneli e-End Ukuqagelwa Khombisa ukulingana kwezomnotho okufinyelelwe cishe ngo-2030.

Ukuqanjwa kwezobuchwepheshe kuzoqhubeka nokunciphisa izindleko zokuphinda usebenzise kabusha ngenkathi kuthuthukisa amanani okuthola kabusha. -Okuzenzisa Ukuthuthukiswa kobuhlakani kwenqubo yokwenza kahle kanye namarobhothi okuzenzakalelayo kuzoguqula imboni yokuvuselela kabusha ilanga.

Ukuhlanganisa umnotho oyindilinga kumamodeli we-Photovoltaic Business azovela ebhekise ephelele "Cradle to Cradle" Izinsizakalo. Abakhiqizi bazophakamisa izinkontileka kufaka phakathi ukufakwa, ukugcinwa, kanye nokuphinda basebenzise kabusha, ukudala umthwalo wemfanelo womhlaba wonke onke impilo. Lokhu kuvela kwemvelo kuzoqinisa isikhundla seSolar njengeqiniso amandla aqinile futhi aqinile.

Ukujulisa ulwazi lwakho ngamandla elanga nezinselelo zalo zemvelo, thintana ne feza PVGIS khapha kucacisa zonke izici zobuchwepheshe nezomlawuli. Le khasi PVGIS umcabango Futhi ihlinzeka ngezinsizakusebenza ezikhethekile zochwepheshe bezimboni.

I-FAQ - imibuzo ebuzwa njalo mayelana nomnotho oyindilinga kanye namaphaneli elanga

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwenza kabusha iphaneli yelanga?

Inqubo ephelele ye-Solar Panel Recycling ngokuvamile ithatha amahora ama-2-4 ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe. Lesi sikhathi Kubandakanya ukukhiqizwa, ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nokwelashwa okuyisisekelo kokuhlanza. Izinqubo zesimanje zezimboni zikwazi phatha amaphaneli afinyelela ku-200 ngosuku ezikhungweni ezikhethekile.

Yini izindleko zokuvuselela kabusha iphaneli yelanga?

Izindleko zokuphinda usebenzise kabusha ziyahlukahluka phakathi €I-10-30 ngephaneli ngalinye ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe futhi kusetshenzwe amavolumu. Lokhu kubiza Kubandakanya ukuqoqwa, ukuthutha, kanye nokusebenza. E-Europe, umnikelo ohlanganiswe ngentengo yokuthenga Ihlanganisa lezi zimali. Ngokwanda okuthuthukile, izindleko kufanele zehle ngo-40-50% ngonyaka ka-2030.

Amaphaneli elanga asetshenziswa kabusha asebenza kahle njengezinto ezintsha?

Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe eziphindaphindeke, ikakhulukazi i-silicon ehlanziwe, ingafinyelela ama-98% okusebenza kwe-silgin we-silcon. Amaphaneli Kwenziwe nge-Silicon esetshenzisiwe esetshenzisiwe yama-module alinganayo kumamojula wendabuko. Impilo ihlala ifana, Iminyaka engama-25-30 eneminyaka yobuncane enezinto ezijwayelekile.

Ingabe zikhona izibopho ezivuselelwa kabusha zomthetho zabantu?

E-Europe, i-Weee Directive Rethued inika amandla iqoqo lamahhala lamaphaneli asetshenzisiwe. Abantu kumele bafake amaphaneli amadala at Amaphoyinti wokuqoqa avunyelwe noma awabuyisele kubasabalalisi ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa. Ukugcwala komhlaba noma ukulahla kwenqatshelwe futhi kungaphansi kwenhlawulo.

Ungakubona kanjani i-Recycte eqinisekisiwe yamaphaneli ami elanga?

Funa i-ISO 14001 (Ukuphathwa Kwezemvelo) kanye nezitifiketi ze-ISO 45001 (Health-Safety). EYurophu, qinisekisa i-PV Ubulungu bokujikeleza noma okulingana nakuzwelonke. Cela izikena ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo kanye nezitifiketi zokubhujiswa zezakhi ezingalawuleki. Isifaki sakho singakuqondisa kubalingani abaqinisekisiwe.

Malini i-CO2 ekuvuseleleni kabusha iphaneli yelanga?

Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha iphaneli engu-300W kugwema ukuphuma cishe kwama-200 kg Lokhu kugcina kuvela ikakhulu kusuka ku-aluminium recycling (165 kg CO2) kanye ne-silicon (35 kg CO2). Kulo lonke Kufakiwe Base, Lokhu Kugcina kuzokumelela amathani ayizigidi ezingama-50 okugwenywa i-CO2 ngo-2050.

Ngeminye imininingwane mayelana nobuchwepheshe belanga namathuluzi wokuhlola, hlola PVGIS Izici nezinzuzo noma finyelela -qondakalayo PVGIS blog ukumboza zonke izici zamandla elanga nama-photovoltaics.