Amandla Elanga Ezweni Lase-Basque: Amasu Okufakwa Enyakatho YeSpain

Ukuqonda I-Northern Spain's Solar Reality

Impumelelo emakethe yelanga yase-Basque iqala ngokulindelwe okungokoqobo nokuqonda ukuthi yini eyenza lesi sifunda ehlukile ezindaweni zaseSpain ezishisa bhe.

Izinombolo ezingemuva kwe-Basque Solar Potential

IBilbao kanye nezindawo ezisogwini ezizungezile zithola cishe u-1,200-1,350 kWh/m² ngonyaka, kuyilapho izigodi ezimaphakathi nezwe zingakwazi. finyelela ku-1,400 kWh/m² ezindaweni ezivumayo. Lezi zibalo zimelela cishe u-25-30% wokukhipha imisebe engaphansi enkabeni yeSpain futhi 35-40% ngaphansi izifunda eziseningizimu.

Nokho, ukugxila kuphela kulezi zinombolo kugeja umongo obalulekile.

Amaphaneli elanga esimanje akhiqiza ugesi kusuka kokubili elangeni eliqondile futhi asakaze ukukhanya okuhlakazeke emafwini. Isimo sezulu sase-Atlantic siletha izimo zokusibekela njalo, kodwa amaphaneli asakhiqiza umphumela ophusile lapho kunamafu izinsuku—imvamisa i-10-25% yokukhiqizwa kwesibhakabhaka esikhanyayo kuye ngokuqina kwamafu. Ngokuhamba konyaka, lokhu kukhanya kuyahlakazeka umnikelo uyengeza kakhulu.

Isistimu engu-5 kW e-Bilbao ingase ikhiqize u-5,500-6,500 kWh ngonyaka, impela ngaphansi kuka-8,500 kWh ohlelweni olufanayo. izokhiqiza e-Seville, kodwa eyanele ukuhlinzeka ngokulondoloza imali eningi kagesi.

I-Cool Climate Advantage

Amaphethini Onyaka nokuthi Asho Ukuthini

Nakhu lapho inyakatho ye-Spain imangaze izifaki eziningi: amazinga okushisa apholile asho ukusebenza okungcono kwephaneli. Ngenkathi Amaphaneli ase-Andalusian lahlekelwa ngo-12-18% ukusebenza kahle lapho amazinga okushisa ophahleni enyuka adlule ku-65°C ehlobo, ukufakwa kwe-Basque akuvamile ukuba kweqe ku-45°C.

Lo mehluko wezinga lokushisa uhumusha cishe ku-6-8% ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu phakathi nokusebenza.

Amathuba Emakethe Afanele Ukuphishekelwa

Cabanga ngakho ngale ndlela: eningizimu yeSpain inokukhanya kwelanga okwengeziwe kodwa amaphaneli asebenza kanzima lapho kushisa, kuyilapho inyakatho yeSpain. inokukhanya kwelanga okuncane kodwa amaphaneli asebenza kahle kakhulu. Igebe le-irradiation alivali ngokuphelele, kodwa liyancipha ngaphezu kwamahora okukhanya kwelanga aluhlaza asikisela.

Imodeli yobungcweti elandisa amazinga okushisa angempela okusebenza ithwebula le nzuzo futhi ivimbele ukuthengisa ngaphansi kwekhono lesifunda.

Imikhakha Yezimboni Nezokukhiqiza

Izwe lase-Basque libonisa ukushintsha kwesizini okumangazayo kunezifunda eziseningizimu. Izinyanga zasehlobo zikhiqiza cishe ezintathu izikhathi eziningi zikagesi kunezinyanga zasebusika, uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso esingu-2-2.5x esivamile Izindawo zaseMedithera.

Ukukhiqizwa kukaDisemba noJanuwari kwehle kuye cishe ku-150-200 kWh ohlelweni olunamandla angu-5 kW, kanti uJulayi angase alethe ama-650-750. kWh.

Lokhu okushiwo kuyindaba yesizini ekulinganisweni kwesistimu nokulindelwe yiklayenti. Abafaki badinga ukusiza amaklayenti qonda ukuthi izikweletu zikagesi zasebusika ngeke zibone ukuncipha okufanayo njengezikweletu zasehlobo. Amasistimu anosayizi ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwehlobo kuzokhipha imali eningi eyengeziwe, kuyilapho amasistimu angalinganisa izidingo zasebusika engasetshenziswa kancane ehlobo.

Ukuthola ibhalansi efanele kudinga ukuhlaziya ngokucophelela amaphethini okusetshenziswa kwamakhasimende kuzo zonke izinkathi zonyaka.

Izakhiwo Zezentengiselwano namaHhovisi

Umnotho wezwe lase-Basque nesiko lidala izindawo ezithile zemakethe yelanga ezingakhonjwa ngabafaki be-savvy ngempumelelo.

Ifa lezimboni zezwe lase-Basque liyaqhubeka liqinile, ngezindawo zokukhiqiza nezimboni emele amakhandidethi abalulekile elanga. Le misebenzi ivamise ukusebenzisa ugesi phakathi namahora asemini uma I-solar ikhiqiza okungcono kakhulu, ifinyelela amazinga wokuzisebenzisa angama-60-80% noma ngabe i-radiation emaphakathi yesifunda amazinga.

Ukufakwa kuka-200 kW endaweni yokukhiqiza kunganciphisa u-120,000-160,000 kWh ngonyaka, kuletha okunenjongo. ukonga izindleko.

Amaklayenti ezimboni lapha athambekele ekucabangeni isikhathi eside futhi abone ukubaluleka kokusimama kanye nezomnotho. Zivame uzimisele ukwamukela izikhathi zokukhokha zeminyaka eyi-8-10 ezingase zithene amandla amakhasimende ahlala, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa amandla elanga ihambisana nezibopho zebhizinisi zemvelo.

Okubalulekile ukwethula ukuhlaziywa kwezezimali okuphelele okulinganisa kokubili ukonga okuqondile kanye nezinzuzo ezingaqondile ezifana iziqinisekiso zokusimama ezithuthukisiwe.

Izicelo Zezolimo

Ukuthuthukiswa kwedolobha laseBilbao kuhlanganisa izakhiwo zamahhovisi eziningi nezikhungo zezentengiselwano ezinendawo yophahla efanelekile. Lezi zakhiwo zinemithwalo kagesi emini kusukela ekukhanyeni, amakhompyutha, i-HVAC, nezinye izinhlelo ezifanayo amaphethini wokukhiqiza we-solar kahle ngokunengqondo.

Isimo sezulu esipholile sisho ukuthi imithwalo ye-air conditioning inesizotha uma iqhathaniswa neningizimu yeSpain, okwenza kube nokulinganisela okwengeziwe ukusetshenziswa konyaka wonke.

Abanikazi bezakhiwo zohwebo baya ngokuya bebuka ilanga njengengxenye yokuthuthukisa inani lesakhiwo esikhundleni sezindleko nje ukunciphisa. Abaqashi nabathengi besimanje bacabangela izici zokusimama, okwenza ilanga libe ukutshalwa kwezimali ezakhiweni isikhalazo esingaphezu kokonga ugesi.

Iziphakamiso ezikhuluma ngazo zombili izimbuyiselo zezezimali kanye nokuma kwenani lempahla zihambisana nohwebo lwangempela abathatha izinqumo zefa.

Abanikazi Bezindlu Abaqaphela Imvelo

Ezolimo zaseBasque zingagqama kakhulu kunaseningizimu noma maphakathi neSpain, kodwa amapulazi asadinga ugesi imisebenzi. Ukulima ngobisi kudinga amandla emishini yokusenga, izinhlelo zokupholisa, kanye nezibani zokukhanyisa.

Ukusebenza kwe-Greenhouse

Ukusebenza kwe-greenhouse, nakuba kuncane kune-Almeria, kusadla ugesi ekulawuleni isimo sezulu kanye ukukhanya. Izakhiwo zasemaphandleni ngokuvamile zinendawo eyanele yezinhlelo ezibekwe phansi lapho uphahla lungafanelekile.

Amakhasimende ezolimo athokozela umnotho oqondile kanye nezixazululo ezisebenzayo. Abanentshisekelo kangako izakhiwo zezimali eziyinkimbinkimbi kunezibalo ezilula zokubuyisela kanye nokusebenza okuthembekile.

Abafaki abakhuluma ngokucacile ngaphandle kwejagoni futhi bagxile ezinzuzweni zokusebenza—izindleko zikagesi ezincishisiwe, ukuzimela kwamandla, ukuvikeleka ekukhuphukeni kwezinga—yakha ukwethembana ngale ngxenye yemakethe.

Ukuqwashisa okuqinile kwezwe lase-Basque ngezemvelo kudala ingxenye yemakethe yokuhlala egqugquzelwa ukusimama kanye nezomnotho. Laba banikazi bezindlu bayaqonda ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-solar enyakatho yeSpain ngeke fanisa namazinga aseningizimu kodwa khetha ukufaka noma kunjalo ngenxa yamanani emvelo nokucabanga kwesikhathi eside.

Lesi sigaba silindele ukuhlaziywa kochwepheshe kodwa futhi sazisa ukulinganisa komthelela kwemvelo. Iziphakamiso ukuthi ihlanganisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 okugwenyiwe kanye nokugudluzwa kukaphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi kanye nokuqagela kwezimali okukhangayo kubo izisusa.

Bavame ukuzimisela ukwamukela izikhathi ezinde zokukhokha kunamakhasimende azimisele ngokwezezimali, nakuba basalindele imbuyiselo ephusile ekutshalweni kwezimali.

Amasu Obuchwepheshe Okufakwa KwaseNyakatho

Ukwenza umsebenzi welanga e-Basque Country kudinga ukuqonda izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezikhulisa ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zase-Atlantic.

Ukufakwa okujwayelekile okubheke eningizimu ku-35-38° tilt kusasebenza kangcono ekukhiqizweni konyaka, kodwa isi-Basque Izimo zokukhanya ezisabalalisayo zezwe zehlisa inhlawulo yokuma okungeyona elungile. I-East-west iyahlukana noma kancane i-off-south orientations ilahlekelwa ukusebenza okuncane kunalokho obekungenza ezifundeni ezinemisebe ephezulu lapho i-beam eqondile imisebe iyabusa.

Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kusiza lapho izithiyo zophahla zikhawulela izinketho zokuma. Uphahla olubheke eningizimu-ntshonalanga olungaba udangele kakhulu ku Barcelona ingase isebenze ngendlela eyamukelekayo e-Bilbao, ilahlekelwe mhlawumbe ukukhiqizwa konyaka okungu-8-10%. esikhundleni se-15-20%.

Ukumodela okuphrofeshinali okulinganisa lokhu kuhwebelana kusiza amaklayenti enze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuthi Iziqondiso ezingezinhle ziyamukeleka ezimeni zazo.

Ukukhethwa Kwezisetshenziswa Zesimo Sezulu Esimanzi

Isimo sezulu sase-Atlantic siletha imvula evamile kanye nomswakama ophezulu okufanele imishini imelane nayo isikhathi eside. Ukukhetha amamojula nama-inverter anezilinganiso ezifanele zemvelo avimbela ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Bheka okokusebenza okuhlolelwe ukuswakama okuphezulu namazinga ezimo ezimanzi, noma ngabe lezi zilinganiso zingaphoqelekile esifundeni.

Imvula empeleni inikeza inzuzo eqhubekayo—ukuhlanza amaphaneli emvelo. Izwe lase-Basque alivamile ukuzwa izikhathi ezomile ezinwetshiwe ezikhungethe izifunda eziseningizimu, okusho ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kwenhlabathi kuhlala kuncane.

Ukulahlekelwa kokukhiqiza kwaminyaka yonke okuvela ekunqwabeleni kokungcola kuvame ukuhamba ngo-1-2% kuphela, uma kuqhathaniswa no-4-6% ezindaweni ezomile. Lokhu ukuhlanzwa kwemvelo kunciphisa izidingo zokunakekelwa futhi kusiza ukulungisa okunye ukungasebenzi kahle kwemisebe.

Ukucatshangelwa kosayizi we-Inverter

Amazinga okufaka imisebe amaphakathi angase aphakamise ukulinganisa kwe-inverter elondolozayo, kodwa empeleni okuphambene kuvame ukwenza umqondo. Ukweqisa uhlu lwe-DC oluhlobene nomthamo we-inverter (izilinganiso ze-1.15-1.25) kusiza ukuthwebula ukukhiqizwa okwengeziwe ngezimo ezivame ukuguqubala kancane.

Lapho ilanga eligcwele linqamula amafu isikhashana

Lapho ilanga eligcwele ligqabula amafu kafushane, uhlu olukhulu kakhulu lungafinyelela umkhawulo wamandla we-inverter, kodwa lezo izikhathi eziphakeme azivamile uma kuqhathaniswa nezimo zezulu zase-Atlantic.

Ngesikhathi sezimo zokukhanya ezisabalalayo ezivame kakhulu, ukuba nomthamo wephaneli owengeziwe kusiza ukukhulisa okukhiphayo. Okuncane ukulahlekelwa kokusika (imvamisa engaphansi kuka-1% ngonyaka) kudlulwa kakhulu izinzuzo zokukhiqiza ngesikhathi sokuncishiswa okuncane izimo.

Lelisu lidinga ukumodela okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuze kuthuthukiswe, kodwa lingathuthukisa isivuno sonyaka sisonke ngo-3-5% isimo sezulu esisenyakatho.

Ukuphatha Shading Ezimweni Ezishintshayo

Ukunyakaza kwamafu kudala izimo ze-shading ezinamandla ezingajwayelekile ezimweni zezulu ezicacile. Ifu elidlula phezulu liyathinta amaphaneli ahlukene ngezikhathi ezihlukene, kudala uhlobo lwezimo ezingafani lapho ubuchwepheshe bokwenza kahle cwebezela.

Ama-Microinverter noma izilungiseleli ze-DC ezivumela ukusebenza kwephaneli ezimele zenza kangcono kakhulu ngesi-Basque Izwe kunezifunda ezinesibhakabhaka esicwathile kakhulu.

I-premium yezindleko zalezi zobuchwepheshe—imvamisa engu-10-15% ephakeme kuneziguquli zezintambo—inengqondo nakakhulu uma izinzuzo zokusebenza ziningi. Ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe okuqhathanisa nezakhiwo zesistimu kusiza amaklayenti aqonde ukuthi utshalomali olwengeziwe lufanelekile yini ekufakweni kwalo okukhethekile.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezomnotho kweNyakatho yeSpain

Ukumodela ngokwezimali kwamaphrojekthi elanga ase-Basque kudinga ukuhlolwa okuthembekile kwakho kokubili okuhle nokulinganiselwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezifunda zelanga.

Nakhu okuphikisanayo nokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa: amanani kagesi we-Basque Country avame ukusebenzisa u-€0.13-0.19 nge-kWh ngayinye kubathengi abahlala khona kanye ne-€0.11-0.16 yabasebenzisi bezentengiselwano, phakathi kweziphakeme kakhulu zaseSpain. I-kWh ngayinye ikhiqizwa yonga imali eningi kune-kWh efanayo eyonga ezifundeni ezinamanani aphansi.

Uhlelo olukhiqiza u-6,000 kWh njalo ngonyaka e-Bilbao ngo-€0.16 kWh ngayinye yonga u-€960 ngonyaka, kuyilapho uhlelo lukhiqiza 8,000 kWh esifundeni esiseningizimu ngo-€0.13 kWh ngayinye yonga kuphela u-€1,040—u-8% nje kuphela wonga ngaphezulu naphezu kokungu-33% ngaphezulu ukukhiqiza.

Amanani aphezulu awawuqedi ngokuphelele umehluko wokukhiqiza, kodwa anciphisa igebe kakhulu. Ukuhlaziywa kwezezimali okuphrofeshinali okuqhathanisa izindleko nge-kWh ngayinye elondoloziwe kunokukhiqiza okuphelele nje kusiza amaklayenti zazisa ezomnotho zangempela.

Okulindelwe Inkokhelo Engokoqobo

Ilanga lokuhlala ezweni lase-Basque ngokuvamile libonisa izikhathi zokukhokha zeminyaka engu-9-12, uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka engu-6-8 enkabeni yeSpain kanye neminyaka engu-5-7 eningizimu. Lezi zikhathi ezinde zidinga izingxoxo ezihlukile zamaklayenti.

Kunokuba bathengise ukuzanelisa kwezezimali ngokushesha, abafaki badinga ukugcizelela inani lesikhathi eside, ukuvikela ngokumelene nokukhuphuka kwentengo kagesi, ukuthuthukiswa kwenani lempahla, kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo eceleni kokugcina ukuhamba kwemali okuhle.

Amaphrojekthi ezohwebo anamazinga aphezulu okuzithengela kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokufakwa kwe-watt ngayinye ngokuvamile afinyelela ku-7-9. izinkokhelo zonyaka, okubenza babe namandla ngokwezimali. Osayizi besistimu abakhulu basho nokuthi ukonga okuphelele kukhulu ngisho noma amaphesenti abuyayo emaphakathi.

I-Factoring Regional Incentives

Uhulumeni wesifunda sase-Basque unikeze izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokukhuthaza amandla elanga ezingahlanganisa u-30-45% wokufakwa izindleko zamaphrojekthi afanelekayo. Lezi zibonelelo zithuthukisa kakhulu ezomnotho zamaphrojekthi, okungenzeka zinciphise izikhathi zokukhokha ngeminyaka engu-3-4. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo ziyafika futhi zihambe, futhi izidingo zohlelo lokusebenza lokuzula ziyathatha ubuchwepheshe.

Ukuhlala unolwazi ngezinhlelo ezitholakalayo kanye nokusingatha inqubo yokufaka izicelo zamaklayenti kunezela inani elivumayo izimali professional. Amakhasimende amaningi angase alahle inzalo yelanga lapho ebhekene nezicelo zomxhaso eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke abafaki abenza kahle le nqubo basuse umgoqo omkhulu wokutholwa.

Ukuhlaziywa kwezezimali akufanele kume ekubalweni kwenkokhelo. Ngaphezulu kwempilo yesistimu yeminyaka engama-25, noma ngabe kunesizotha amazinga okukhiqiza, ukonga okuqoqiwe kuhlala kukhulu.

Isistimu yokuhlala enembuyiselo yeminyaka eyi-10 isaletha iminyaka eyi-15 yenzuzo emsulwa ngemuva kwalokho, ekugcineni iyonga. €25,000-35,000 phakathi nokuphila kwayo. Ukwenza utshalo-mali kule mibandela yesikhathi eside kusiza amaklayenti abone ngale izindleko zokuqala.

Ukwengeza, njengoba amanani kagesi enyuka ngokungenakugwenywa—anyuke ngo-50-80% kule minyaka eyishumi edlule—inani likagesi. Izindleko zokukhiqiza ilanga zikhiyelwe ngaphakathi ziba sobala kakhulu. Konke ukukhuphuka kwezinga kuthuthukisa umnotho welanga ngokuphindaphindiwe, uthango olumelene nezindleko zesikhathi esizayo ezinenani langempela ngisho noma kunzima ukulinganisa ngokunembile.

Amathuluzi Enza I-Northern Solar Work

Ukuphumelela emakethe yase-Basque kudinga amathuluzi ayinkimbinkimbi ngokwanele ukuze abhekane nobunzima besifunda ngenkathi ukusebenza kahle ngokwanele ukugcina inzuzo kumaphrojekthi amancane.

Izibali ezijwayelekile zelanga ezakhelwe eduze kokuqagela kwe-Mediterranean azilithathi iqiniso elisenyakatho yeSpain. Amathuluzi ochwepheshe adinga imininingwane egciniwe yokuthela imisebe enezimo zokusibekela njalo, izinga lokushisa amamodeli abonisa izimo zokusebenza ezipholile, futhi ahlukanise izici zokusebenza kokukhanya.

Umehluko phakathi kwezibalo ezijwayelekile kanye nokumodela okuyinkimbinkimbi ungaba ngu-10-15% womkhiqizo obikezelwe—okwanele ukwenza noma ukwephula ukwaneliseka kwekhasimende.

Ukulungiswa kwedatha yezinga le-GPS kubaluleke kakhulu ezifundeni ezisenyakatho lapho i-microclimate yasendaweni idala okuphawulekayo ukuhlukahluka. Indawo esesigodini esingasogwini ingase ithole imisebe engaphansi ngo-15% kunendawo engamakhilomitha angu-10 nje. phakathi nezwe endaweni ephakeme, naphezu kwe-latitude nobude obufanayo. Idatha enemininingwane yendawo ethile kuphela ithatha lawa ma-nuances.

Amaphrojekthi e-Basque azuza ngokuqhathanisa izindlela eziningi—okujwayelekile okubheke eningizimu kuqhathaniswa nokuhlukile, i-string inverters ngokumelene nobuchwepheshe bokwenza ngokugcwele, amasayizi wesistimu ahlukene anamazinga ahlukene okuzisebenzisa.

Ukuqhathanisa ngakunye kusiza ukuthuthukisa idizayini yemikhawulo ethile yesayithi nezidingo zeklayenti. Leli zinga lokuhlaziya lusebenza kuphela lapho amathuluzi evumela ukulingisa okungenamkhawulo ngaphandle kwezindleko zokuhlaziya ngakunye ezicindezela ukuhlola.

Amandla okwenza imodeli ngokushesha okuhlukile phakathi nemihlangano yamakhasimende—"kuthiwani uma sikhulisa usayizi wesistimu ngo-2 kW?"—inika amandla ukubonisana okusebenzisanayo okwakha ukuzethemba kweklayenti. Bayabona ukuthi izincomo zivela ukuhlaziywa okuphelele kunokuqagela okujwayelekile, okubalulekile uma ubacela ukuthi batshale izimali ezifundeni lapho ilanga alibonakali kangako.

I-Northern solar idinga amathuluzi ezezimali adlula ukukhokha okulula ukuze kuxhunywe inani eligcwele.

Ukuqhathanisa kwezimo eziningi okubonisa osayizi besistimu abahlukene, ukuhlaziya ukuzwela ngentengo ehlukene kagesi okucatshangwayo, izibalo zokulondoloza impilo yonke okuhlanganisa nezindleko zokunakekela, nokuhlanganiswa kokukhuthaza konke kuyasiza ekwakheni amacala okutshala imali aphoqelelayo naphezu kwezinkokhelo ezinde kunezifunda ezishisa kakhulu.

Imibiko yezezimali yochwepheshe eyethula ngokucacile lokhu kuhlaziya isiza amakhasimende ukuthi aqonde ukutshalwa kwezimali ingqondo. Uma izikhathi zokukhokha zifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10+, ikhwalithi yokwethulwa kwezimali iba semqoka kakhulu ukuguqulwa.

I-Landscape Elawulayo

Uhulumeni wesifunda sase-Basque Country unokuzimela kwezinye izindawo ezithinta ukufakwa kwe-solar, okwenza kokubili amathuba nezingqinamba.

Izinhlelo zesifunda sase-Basque ngokomlando bezilokhu ziphana kakhulu kunezinye izifunda, zikhombisa zombili ukuzibophezela kwezemvelo kanye nezinjongo zokuthuthukiswa komnotho. Izinhlelo zifake uxhaso lokufakwa okuqondile, uxhaso lwezimali ezinenzalo ephansi, kanye nokwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe.

Kodwa-ke, ukutholakala kohlelo kuyashintshashintsha ngokuya komjikelezo webhajethi nezinto ezibalulekile zezepolitiki, ezidinga ukuthi abafakeli bazifake hlala wamanje.

IBilbao namanye amadolobha amakhulu ase-Basque ahlele imvume yelanga, kanti omasipala abancane bangase babe nayo izinqubo ezingakasungulwa. Ukuqonda izidingo zasendaweni kuso sonke isifunda kuvimbela ukubambezeleka.

Amanye amadolobhana akhuthaza amandla elanga ngokusebenzisa imvume esheshayo nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe, kuyilapho amanye enakekela izindlela ezisemthethweni.

Izinqubo zokuxhuma igridi zilandela imithetho kazwelonke yaseSpain ngokusetshenziswa kokusetshenziswa kwesifunda. Indawo izinsiza ngokuvamile zibambisana nokufakwa kwe-solar, nakuba amaphrojekthi amakhulu okuthengisa asadinga izifundo zobuchwepheshe kanye nokuxhumana.

Ukwakha ubudlelwano obuhle bokusebenza nabamele izinsiza kwenza inqubo ibe bushelelezi kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi amaningi.

Ukuma Ukuze Uphumelele

Ukuchuma emakethe yelanga yase-Basque kusho ukwamukela lokho okwenza isifunda sihluke kunokuzama ukuphindaphinda amasu aseningizimu yeSpain.

Izakhamizi eziningi zaseBasque namabhizinisi acabanga ukuthi ilanga alinangqondo enyakatho yeSpain. Izifaki eziphumelele thatha indlela yokufundisa, echaza ukuthi ubuchwepheshe besimanje busebenza kanjani ekukhanyeni okusabalele, okubonisa izinzuzo zokusebenza kahle kwezinga lokushisa, okubonisa idatha yangempela yokukhiqiza evela ekufakweni okukhona kwendawo, futhi ngokwethembeka ukuxoxa ngazo zombili izinzuzo nokulinganiselwa.

Lesi sikhundla semfundo sakha ukwethembana. Amaklayenti ayakwazisa ukukhuluma ngobuqotho mayelana nezinkokhelo ezinde kunokukhuphuka izithembiso, futhi maningi amathuba okuthi baqhubeke lapho beqonda isiphakamiso senani esingokoqobo.

Akuwona wonke umuntu ongase abe ikhasimende anengqondo Ezweni Lase-Basque. Gxila ezikhungweni zezimboni ezinobude basemini ukusetshenziswa, abanikazi bezindlu abagqugquzelwa imvelo abanombono wesikhathi eside, izindawo zokuhweba ezifunayo iziqinisekiso zokusimama, kanye nemisebenzi yezolimo enezidingo zamandla angokoqobo.

Gwema ukujaha amakhasimende azwela intengo alindele umnotho waseningizimu yeSpain—azodumala noma kanjani kuhle ukufakwa.

Ukufaka imisebe ephansi kusho ukuthi iphrojekthi ngayinye idinga umzamo owengeziwe uma kuqhathaniswa nemali engenayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakwa kwaseningizimu. Impumelelo itholakala ekugcineni amamajini anempilo ngokubeka endaweni efanele esikhundleni sokujaha amavolumu aphezulu ngamanani aphansi.

Ukuhlaziywa kwekhwalithi, okokusebenza okuphezulu, imikhuba emihle yokufaka, kanye nenkonzo yamakhasimende eqinile iyathethelela intengo yobungcweti kumakhasimende aqonda inani elingaphezu kwezindleko eziphansi.

Ngibheke phambili

Imakethe yelanga yaseBasque isathuthuka uma iqhathaniswa nezifunda ezifana Madrid noma Barcelona, okuchaza amathuba wabafaki abazimisele ukusungula izikhundla zangaphambi kwesikhathi. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, izindleko ziyancipha, futhi ukuqwashisa ngemvelo kuyakhula, imakethe yasenyakatho yeSpain izokhula kakhulu.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwesitoreji sebhethri kuzozuzisa ikakhulukazi ukufakwa kwasenyakatho ngokususa ukukhiqizwa ehlobo insalela ukushoda kwasebusika, ukuthuthukisa umnotho wokuzithengela wena kakhulu. Njengoba izindleko zokugcina zehla ziye phezulu ukusebenza, ukufakwa kwe-Basque kungabona ukuthuthuka okumangazayo kwezomnotho wephrojekthi.

Ukwenza I-Northern Solar Work

Izwe lase-Basque ngeke lifane Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Andalusia noma Isimo sezulu saseValencia izinzuzo, kodwa inikeza amathuba asemthethweni elanga kubafaki abaqonda isifunda izici. Amazinga okushisa apholile, amanani aphezulu kagesi, ukuqaphela okuqinile kwemvelo, kanye amathuba emakethe angasebenzi kahle ahlanganisa ukudala amathuba ebhizinisi asebenzayo.

Impumelelo idinga ukuxhumana namaklayenti okuthembekile, ukuhlaziywa kwezobuchwepheshe okuyinkimbinkimbi, ukumodela kwezezimali kochwepheshe, kanye nokumiswa okusekelwe kwikhwalithi nobungcweti.

Amathuluzi nezindlela ezisebenzela isifunda zidinga ukubhekana nenkimbinkimbi ngendlela efanele—isimo sezulu esinemininingwane yendawo idatha, ukumodela okuphelele kwesimo, ukuhlaziywa kwezimali okuphelele okuthatha izikhathi ezimisiwe eziningi.

Lapho abafaki beletha amakhono ochwepheshe emakethe lapho abaningi belahla amandla elanga, bayawathola amathuba abanye abangawanaki.