Ubuchwepheshe obuthathu be-Photovoltaic
Crystalline Silicon: Umholi Wezimakethe
I-Crystalline Silicon ibusa cishe ama-95% emakethe yephaneli yelanga lomhlaba wonke. Lobu buchwepheshe obufakazelwe bungena Ukuhlukahluka okubili okuyisisekelo, ngakunye okunezimpawu ezihlukile nezinzuzo.
Monocrystalline silicon
- Ukusebenza kahle: 20-22% isilinganiso
- Impilo: Iminyaka engama-25-30
- Izindleko: Ukutshalwa kwemali okuphezulu okuphezulu
- Izinzuzo: Ukusebenza kahle Okuphezulu, Ukusebenza Kwesikhathi Eside
- Okubi: KunamandlaInqubo Yokukhiqiza
I-Polycrystallinelline Silicon
- Ukusebenza kahle: 15-17% isilinganiso
- Impilo: Iminyaka engama-25-30
- Izindleko: Ibhajethi eyengeziwe - enobungane
- Izinzuzo: Isiphakamiso senani elihle kakhulu, inqubo yokukhiqiza elula
- Okubi: Ukusebenza okuphansi kuqhathaniswa ne-monocrystalline
Ubuchwepheshe obuncane befilimu: Ukuvumelana nezimo kanye nedizayini engasindi
Ubuchwepheshe obuncane befilimu bunikeza ezinye izindlela eziphoqayo zezicelo ezikhethekile lapho kungenzeka amaphaneli endabuko ungafanele.
I-Cadmium Telleride (CDTE)
- Ukusebenza kahle: 16-18%
- Izinzuzo: Izindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza, ukubekezelela ukushisa okuhle kakhulu
- Okubi: Ukukhathazeka kobuthi be-Cadmium, ukutholakala okulinganiselwe kwe-telturium
I-Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CICS)
- Ukusebenza kahle: 15-20%
- Izinzuzo: Izicelo eziguquguqukayo, ukusebenza okunamandla okukhanya okuqinile
- Okubi: Izindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza, izidingo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokukhiqiza
I-Amorphous Silicon (A-SI)
- Ukusebenza kahle: 6-8%
- Izinzuzo: Izindleko eziphansi kakhulu, Izinketho Zomklamo Oguqukayo
- Okubi: Ukusebenza kabi okungekuhle, ukucekelwa phansi okusheshayo kokusebenza
Ama-perovskites: Ikusasa elithembisayo
Amangqamuzana eSolar eSovar amele ubuchwepheshe obumangalisa kakhulu embonini yelanga namhlanje.
- Ukusebenza kahle kwelebhu: kufika ku-25%
- Izinzuzo: Inqubo elula yokukhiqiza, amathuba wezindleko eziphansi kakhulu
- Okubi: Ukungavikeli ukuqina kwesikhathi eside, akukatholakali ngokuthengisa ngezinga elithengiswayo
Le khasi -okuqiniso izinto ezintsha Kule nkambu kuyaqhubeka nokucindezela imingcele yalokho okwenzeka e-solar ukuguqulwa kwamandla.
Ukuqhathanisa ukusebenza okuningiliziwe
Ukuhlaziywa Kwondla Amandla
Ukusebenza kahle kunquma ukuthi kungakanani ugesi akhiqizwa ngemitha yesikwele. Ukufakwa okujwayelekile kokuhlala, Nazi izibalo eziphakathi zonyaka zokukhiqiza ngemitha yesikwele:
- I-Monocrystalline: 180-220 kWh / m²/ ngonyaka
- I-Polycrystalline: 160-190 kWh / m²/ ngonyaka
- Ama-cigs: 150-180 kWh / m²/ unyaka
- I-CDTE: 140-170 kWh / m²/ ngonyaka
Lawa magugu ayahlukahluka ngokuya ngendawo. Sebenzisa kwethu khululekile PVGIS Okokubala ilanga Ukuthola ukulinganisa okuqondile kwakho Isifunda esithile.
Izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi
Ukuhlaziywa Kwezomnotho kumele kubheke zombili zokutshala imali zokutshala imali kanye nokuphila kwempilo:
Crystalline Silicon
- Intengo: €0.40-0.60 / WP
- I-LCOE *: €0.04-0.08 / kWh
Ubuchwepheshe obuncane befilimu
- Intengo: €0.35-0.50 / WP
- I-LCOE *: €0.05-0.09 / KWh
* I-LCOE: Izindleko ezifakiwe zamandla
Ngokuhlaziywa kwezezimali okuphelele kwephrojekthi yakho, hlola yethu PVGIS simulator yezezimali.
Ukusimama kanye nomthelela wezemvelo
Isikhathi sokukhokha amandla
- Crystalline Silicon: Iminyaka eyi-1-4
- Ifilimu elincanyana: Iminyaka engu-1-2
- Ama-perovskites: alinganiselwa ezinyangeni ezi-6 kuya ku-1 unyaka
Ukubuyiselwa kabusha
- Silicon: 95% wezinto zokwakha kabusha
- I-CDTE: 90% Recycluble kepha idinga ukucubungula okukhethekile
- Ama-cigs: 85% abuye asebenze kabusha
Funda kabanzi mayelana I-Solar Panel Recycling isixazululo kanye nabanzi Umthelela wezemvelo we-solar amandla.
Izindlela zokukhetha ngohlobo lwesicelo
Ukufakwa Kwezindawo Zokuhlala
Emakhaya angenamndeni, cabanga ngalokhu:
- I-Monocrystalline uma isikhala sinqunyelwe (ukusebenza kahle kakhulu)
- Polycrystalline yezabelomali ezinzima
- Gwema ifilimu elincanyana (ukusebenza kahle okunganele kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlala)
Ukufakwa Kwezentengiso
Izakhiwo zezentengiso zingazuza ku:
- I-Polycrystalline yebhalansi enhle kakhulu yokusebenza kwezindleko
- I-CDTE ezindaweni ezishisayo kakhulu
- Ama-cigs wokuhlelwa kophahla oluyinkimbinkimbi
Izinhlelo ezinkulu zeNtaba
Amapulazi elanga ngokuvamile athanda:
- I-Polycrystalline yokusebenzisa izindleko
- I-CDTE ezindaweni eziwugwadule
- Gwema izixazululo ezicindezelwe isikhala
2025 Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezobuchwepheshe
Amaseli we-Tandem
Inhlanganisela ye-Purovskite-Silicon ingafinyelela ukusebenza kahle kwama-30% ngonyaka we-2027, okungenzeka ukuthi iguqule i- indawo yonke yemakethe.
Ubuchwepheshe be-Bifacial
Lawa maphaneli athatha ukukhanya kusuka ezinhlangothini zombili, okwandisa ukukhiqizwa ngo-10-30% ngokuya ngezimo zokufaka.
Ubuchwepheshe obuqhamukayo
- I-Organic Photovoltaics (OPV)
- Amaseli e-Quantum DOT Solar
- I-Photovoltaics ehlanganisiwe (CPV)
Izincomo Zesifunda
Ukusebenza kwezobuchwepheshe kuyehluka kakhulu ngezimo zezulu. -Kwethu PVGIS24 indawo yokuqhudelana ihlanganisa okunembayo idatha ye-meteorological kuyo yonke indawo. Hlola idatha yokusebenza kwe induna enkudlwana yasempini amadolobha elanga Emhlabeni jikelele.
Izifunda eziphakeme (i-Southern France)
- Okubaluleke kakhulu: I-Monocrystalline yokusebenza kahle okukhulu
- Ezomnotho Ezomnotho: Polycrystalline
Izifunda ezishisayo (i-Northern France)
- Ukuyekethisa okungcono kakhulu: polycrystalline
- Inketho ye-Premium: I-High-Performance Monocrystalline
Izifunda ezishisayo zesimo sezulu
- Ukukhetha okuhle: I-CDTE (ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu)
Amathuluzi okwenza izinqumo
Amathuluzi amaningana ayatholakala ukukusiza ukhethe ubuchwepheshe obulungile:
- Feza PVGIS Khapha: Okuphelele Indlela yokuhlola
- PVGIS 5.3 Calculator: Ithuluzi lokulingisa elinganiselwe
- PVGIS Umcabango: Izinsizakusebenza zezobuchwepheshe ezinemininingwane
Ukuhlaziywa okujulile, cabanga ngethu PVGIS uhlelo lokubhalisa okuhlinzeka ukufinyelela kuyo -phambili PVGIS24 izici.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obunikeza ukubuyela okungcono kakhulu ekutshalweni kwemali?
I-Polycrystalline ngokuvamile ihlinzeka ngebhalansi yokusebenza kwezindleko engcono kakhulu yokufakwa okuningi. Kodwa-ke, ngelanga eliphakeme Izifunda ezinezingqinamba zesikhala, i-monocrystalline ingaba nenzuzo yesikhathi eside.
Ingabe amaphaneli amafilimu ancanyana alungele isimo sezulu saseYurophu?
Ifilimu emincane isebenza kahle kakhulu ezifundeni ezinamalanga. E-Main Europe, ukusebenza kwabo okuphansi kubenza bavame ukungaphansi ekhangayo kuneCrystalline Silicon, ngaphandle kwezicelo ezithile ezidinga ukuguquguquka.
Ama-Perovskites azothengiswa nini?
Amaseli okuqala ezentengiselwano we-Purovskite alindelwe cishe ngo-2026-2027. Izinguqulo ze-Tandem Purovskite-Silicon Guqula imakethe ngo-2030.
Ukusebenza kahle kwephaneli kunciphisa kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
Amaphaneli e-Crystalline Silicon alahlekelwa cishe ngo-0,5% ukusebenza njalo ngonyaka. Ifilimu elincanyana linganciphisa ngokushesha (0.6-0.8% ngonyaka). Amawaranti ajwayelekile amboza imali ephakeme engama-20% ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-25.
Ingabe ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile buhlanganiswe ekufakweni okukodwa?
Ngobuchwepheshe kungenzeka kepha ayinconywa. Umehluko weVoltage nokuziphatha okuhlukahlukene kunganciphisa uhlelo lonke ukusebenza. Ukukhetha ubuchwepheshe obuhle kungcono.
Kuthiwani ngemiphumela yomshuwalense wasekhaya?
Ukufakwa kwe-solar panel kumele kumenyezelwe kumshuwalense wakho. Izinkampani eziningi zomshuwalense zimboza ukufakwa okuqinisekisiwe Ngaphandle kokwenyuka okukhulu kwe-premium, kungakhathalekile ukuthi kukhethwe ubuchwepheshe obunjani.
Ingabe ubuchwepheshe obusha bunzima bokuvuselela kabusha?
I-Crystalline Silicon izuzisa iziteshi ezisungulwe kahle kabusha. Ifilimu elincanyana lidinga izinqubo ezikhethekile kepha usasebenza kabusha. Ubuchwepheshe obuzayo njengama-perovskites azodinga ukuthuthukisa ukuphindaphindeka ingqalasizinda.
Ngezeluleko ezenzelwe umuntu ukukhetha ubuchwepheshe bakho belanga, vakashela ezethu PVGIS blog ephendula imibuzo ebuzwa njalo ngama-photovoltaics futhi PVGIS ukusetshenziswa. -Kwethu Okokubala ilanga ingakusiza wena model Izimo ezahlukahlukene zesimo sakho esithile.