Imibandela Yokuhlola Okuhle Nezimo Ezijwayelekile (STC)
Ukusebenza kwemodyuli ye-Photovoltaic ngokuvamile kulinganiswa ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlola ezijwayelekile (STC), kuchazwe yi-IEC 60904-1 Standard:
- I-irradiance of 1000 w / m² (ukukhanya kwelanga kahle)
- Ukushisa kwemodyuli ngo-25 ° C
- Spectrum elikhanyayo (IEC 60904-3)
Amamojula we-Bichacial, athwebula ukukhanya nhlangothi zombili, angathuthukisa ukukhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa ukuboniswa komhlaba (Albedo). PVGIS Akakafaneli amamojula amodeli, kepha enye indlela ukusebenzisa i-BNPI (i-bichacial nerradiance), echazwe njenge: I-P_bnpi = P_stc * (1 + φ * 0.135), lapho φ yinto φ factor bichaality.
Ukulinganiselwa kwamamojula we-bichacial: Engakulungele ukufakwa okuhlanganiswe ekwakheni lapho ingemuva lemodyuli livinjelwe khona. Ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo ngokuya nge-Oriental (isib. Esenyakatho-South Axis nge-East-West ebheke).
Ukulinganisa kwamandla wangempela amamojula we-PV
Izimo zangempela zokusebenza kwamaphaneli e-PV ziyahlukahluka ngezimo ezijwayelekile (ze-STC), ezithinta amandla okukhipha. PVGIS.COM kusebenza ukulungiswa okuningana ukufaka lezi zinhlobonhlobo.
1. Ukuboniswa kanye ne-angle yezehlakalo zokukhanya
Lapho ukukhanya kushaya imodyuli ye-PV, ingxenye ethile iyabonakala ngaphandle kokuguqulwa ibe ngugesi. Lapho i-angle kakhulu yezehlakalo, ukulahleka okukhulu.
- Umthelela ekukhiqizweni: Ngokwesilinganiso, lo mphumela ubangela ukulahleka kwe-2 kuye ku-4%, kuncishiswe izinhlelo zokulandela umkhondo welanga.
2. Umphumela we-Solar Spectrum ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-PV
Amaphaneli elanga azwela kuma-wavelength athile akhanyayo akhanyayo, ahlukahluka ngobuchwepheshe be-PV:
- I-Crystalline Silicon (C-SI): Uzwela ku-infrared futhi kubonakale ukukhanya
- I-CDTE, CIGS, A-SI: ukuzwela okuhlukile, ngempendulo encishisiwe ku-infrared
Izici ezithonya i-spectrum: Ukukhanya kwasekuseni nakusihlwa kubomvu.
Izinsuku ezinamafu zandisa isilinganiso sokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umphumela wokubuka ubuhlakani ngqo uthonya amandla e-PV. PVGIS.COM Isebenzisa idatha ye-satellite ukulungisa lokhu kuhlukahluka futhi kuhlanganise lokhu kulungiswa ekubaleni kwayo.
Ukuncika kwamandla we-PV ku-irradiance kanye lokushisa
Ukushisa nokusebenza kahle
Ukusebenza kahle kwamaphaneli e-PV kuyancipha ngokushisa kwemodyuli, kuya ngobuchwepheshe:
E-Irradiance ephezulu (>I-1000 w / m²), izinga lokushisa lemodyuli likhuphuka: ukulahleka kokusebenza kahle
E-Irradiance ephansi (<400 w / m²), ukusebenza kahle kuyahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lweseli le-PV
Ukumodela ngaphakathi PVGIS.COM
PVGIS.COM Ilungisa amandla we-PV ngokususelwa ku-Irradiance (G) kanye nokushisa kwemodyuli (TM) kusetshenziswa imodeli yezibalo (huld et al., 2011):
P = (g / 1000) * A * EFF (G, TM)
Ama-coefficients acacisiwe kubuchwepheshe ngamunye we-PV (C-SI, CDTE, ama-CICS) asuselwa ezilinganisweni zokuhlola futhi asetshenziselwe PVGIS.COM ukumbumbuluzwa.
Ukumodela izinga lokushisa lamamojula we-PV
- Izici ezithonya lokushisa lemodyuli (TM)
- I-Ambient Air Temperature (TA)
- I-solar irradiance (g)
- Ukuphefumula (W) - Umoya onamandla upholisa imodyuli
-
Imodeli yokushisa in PVGIS (Faiman, 2008):
Tm = ta + g / (U0 + U1W)
Ama-coefficients u0 no-U1 ayahlukahluka ngohlobo lokufakwa:
| Ubuchwepheshe be-PV | Ukufaka | U0 (W / ° C-M²) | U1 (WS / ° C-M³) |
|---|---|---|---|
| c-si | Ukuphunisa | 26.9 | 26.9 |
| c-si | I-Bipv / Bapv | 20.0 | 20.0 |
| Ama-cigs | Ukuphunisa | 22.64 | 22.64 |
| Ama-cigs | I-Bipv / Bapv | 20.0 | 20.0 |
| Isigaxa songwezula | Ukuphunisa | 23.37 | 23.37 |
| Isigaxa songwezula | I-Bipv / Bapv | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Ukulahleka kwesistimu nokuguga kwamamojula we-PV
Zonke izibalo ezedlule zinikeza amandla ezingeni lemodyuli, kepha okunye ukulahleka kufanele kubhekwe:
- Ukulahleka kokuguqulwa (inverter)
- Ukulahleka kwentambo
- Umehluko amandla phakathi kwamamojula
- Ukuguga kwamaphaneli e-PV
Ngokusho kocwaningo ngeJordani & Kurtz (2013), amaphaneli e-PV alahlekelwa ngokwesilinganiso samandla angu-0.5% ngonyaka. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-20, amandla abo ancishiswa abe ngu-90% wenani labo lokuqala.
- PVGIS.COM Itusa ukungena ngokulahleka kwesistimu kokuqala kwe-3% ngonyaka wokuqala ukuze ku-akhawunti ngokonakaliswa kohlelo, bese kuba ngu-0.5% ngonyaka.
Ezinye izinto ezingacatshangelwa ngaphakathi PVGIS
Eminye imiphumela inomthelela ekukhiqizweni kwe-PV kepha ayifakiwe PVGIS:
- Isithwathwa emaphaneli: Kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa. Kuya ngokuvama kanye nesikhathi sesikhathi seqhwa.
- Ukuqongelelwa kothuli nokungcola: Yehlisa amandla e-PV, kuya ngokuhlanza nangokuvutha kwezulu.
- Umthunzi Othile: Unomthelela oqinile uma imodyuli inombala. Lo mphumela kufanele uphathwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwe-PV.
Ukugcina
Ngenxa yentuthuko kumodeli ye-Photovoltaic kanye nedatha ye-satellite, PVGIS.COM ivumela ukulinganisa okuqondile kwamandla okukhipha amamojula we-PV ngokunaka imiphumela yemvelo nezobuchwepheshe.
Kungani usebenzise PVGIS.COM?
Ukumodelwa okuthuthukile kwe-irradiance kanye nokushisa kwemodyuli
Ukulungiswa kususelwa kwidatha yesimo sezulu nebukeka kahle
Ukulinganisa okuthembekile kokulahleka kwesistimu nokuguga kwephaneli
Ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwelanga kwesifunda ngasinye