PVGIS vs PVWatts: Isiphi Isibali Solar Esinembe Kakhudlwana?

Yini izi PVGIS kanye nama-PVWatts?

PVGIS (I-Photovoltaic Geographical Information System) iyi-European Commission-developed solar Ithuluzi lokuhlola ukusebenza kwe-radiation kanye ne-photovoltaic system. Idalelwe izimakethe zaseYurophu ekuqaleni, PVGIS manje inikeza ukumbozwa komhlaba wonke ngedatha enemininingwane yesimo sezulu kanye nekhono lokumodela elithuthukile.

Ama-PVWatts iyi-NREL's (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) iklanyelwe umshini wokubala we-inthanethi wamahhala ikakhulukazi emakethe yase-United States. Inikeza izilinganiso zokukhiqiza amandla elanga ezenziwe lula kusetshenziswa idatha yesimo sezulu esezingeni kanye nemingcele yesistimu.

Ukuqhathanisa Nokunemba: PVGIS vs PVWatts

Imithombo Yedatha Nokufakwa

PVGIS isebenzisa amadathasethi amaningi esathelayithi anesinqumo esiphezulu:

• Idatha yokuhlaziya kabusha ye-ERA5 (1981–2020)
• Idatha yesathelayithi ye-SARAH-3 yase-Europe nase-Afrika
• Idatha ye-NSRDB yamazwe aseMelika
• PVGIS-SARAH2 ukuze uthole ukufakwa okuningiliziwe kwaseYurophu

I-PVWatts incike kakhulu ku:

• Idatha ye-TMY3 (Unyaka Wesimo Sezulu Ovamile) yase-US
• Iziteshi zesimo sezulu samazwe ngamazwe sezindawo zomhlaba
• I-NSRDB (National Solar Radiation Database)

Owinile: PVGIS - Ukulungiswa kwedatha okuphezulu kanye nemithombo eminingi yokuqinisekisa ihlinzeka ngokuphakeme ukunemba, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zaseYurophu nezomhlaba jikelele.

Ukunemba Kwendawo

PVGIS inikeza izibalo eziqondene nendawo nge:

• Kufika ku-1 km ukulungiswa kwendawo eYurophu
• Ukuhlaziywa kwendawo kanye nomkhathizwe
• Ukucatshangelwa kokuhlukahluka kwesimo sezulu sendawo

I-PVWatts inikeza:

• Ukuhumusha okujwayelekile kwedatha yesimo sezulu
• Ukucatshangelwa kwendawo elinganiselwe
• Isilinganiso sendawo esibanzi

Ukunemba Kwemodeli Yesistimu

PVGIS ihlanganisa izici ezithuthukisiwe:

• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-shading okuningiliziwe
• Imodeli ye-coefficient yezinga lokushisa
• Amajika okusebenza kahle kwe-inverter
• Izibalo zokulahlekelwa kwesistimu

I-PVWatts inikeza:

• Ukumodela kwesistimu okwenziwe lula
• Ukuqagela kokulahlekelwa okujwayelekile
• Ukusebenza kahle kwe-inverter

Umehluko Obalulekile Phakathi Kwezibali Zelanga

Isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi nokufinyeleleka

PVGIS Izinzuzo:

• Isixhumi esibonakalayo sezinga lochwepheshe
• Izinketho zokubala eziningi
• Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe enemininingwane
• Thekelisa amakhono ukuze usetshenziswe ngochwepheshe

Izinzuzo ze-PVWatts:

• Okwenziwa lula komsebenzisi
• Izibalo ezisheshayo
• Idizayini esebenziseka kalula
• Ijika lokufunda elincane

Izindleko Nokufinyelela

PVGIS inikeza kokubili izinguqulo zamahhala kanye ne-premium. I mahhala PVGIS umshini wokubala inikeza eziyisisekelo ukusebenza, ngenkathi i i-premium PVGIS24 inguqulo ihlanganisa izici ezithuthukisiwe ze abafaki belanga abangochwepheshe kanye nonjiniyela.

I-PVWatts imahhala ngokuphelele kodwa inezici ezithuthukile ezinomkhawulo.

Ukusebenza Kokunemba Kwesifunda

• IYurophu ne-Afrika: PVGIS ikhombisa ukunemba okuphezulu ngenxa ye Idatha yesathelayithi ye-SARAH-3 kanye nokulinganiswa kwendawo.
• I-united states: Womabili amathuluzi asebenza kahle, nama-PVWatts anezinzuzo ezincane eziqondile Izifunda zase-US ngenxa yokuqinisekisa okubanzi kwe-NSRDB.
• I-Asia ne-Oceania: PVGIS ngokuvamile inikeza izilinganiso ezingcono ngenxa yokuhlanganisa okuningi amasethi edatha omhlaba.

Isiphi Isibali Okufanele Usikhethe?

Khetha PVGIS Nini:

• Ukusebenza kumaphrojekthi wokuhweba noma wosizo
• Idinga ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwezezimali (sebenzisa i- PVGIS ezezimali isifanisi)
• Isebenza ngaphandle kwe-United States
• Idinga ukunemba kwebanga lochwepheshe
• Ukuhlela ukufakwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokukhathazeka kwe-shading

Khetha ama-PVWatts Uma:

• Ukwenza izilinganiso ezisheshayo zokuhlala e-US
• Okusha ekubaleni kwelanga
• Idinga imiphumela elula, esheshayo
• Ukusebenza ngolwazi olulinganiselwe lobuchwepheshe

Ukuqhathanisa Izici Ezithuthukile

PVGIS Amakhono Athuthukile

I PVGIS umshini wokubala welanga inikeza ukumodela okuyinkimbinkimbi okuhlanganisa:

• Izibalo zephaneli ezikabili
• Ukulandelela ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu
• Amaphrofayili okukhipha amandla ngehora
• Ukuqagela komthelela wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu

Amathuluzi Okuhlaziya Ezezimali

PVGIS inikeza ukumodela kwezomnotho okuphelele ngamathuluzi ayo ezezimali azinikele, okusiza abasebenzisi ukubala:

• Buyela ku-investimenti (ROI)
• Izikhathi zokukhokha
• Ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko ze-Lifecycle
• Izimo zokukhuphuka kwentengo yamandla

Izifundo Zokuqinisekisa Zomhlaba Wangempela

Ucwaningo oluzimele oluqhathanisa ukunemba kwesibali selanga lubonisa:

• PVGIS ngokuvamile ifinyelela ukunemba okungu-3–5% kokufakwayo kwase-Europe
• I-PVWatts ibonisa ukunemba okungu-4–7% kumasistimu okuhlala e-US
• Womabili amathuluzi asebenza kangcono kunezinye izindlela zesifunda ezimakethe zawo eziyinhloko

Ikhwalithi Yedatha Nezibuyekezo

PVGIS igcina ukunemba okuphambili ngokusebenzisa:

• Izibuyekezo zesethi yedatha evamile
• Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwe-algorithm
• Ukuqinisekisa okubanzi ngokumelene nezilinganiso zomhlabathi
• Ukuhlanganiswa kocwaningo lwakamuva lwezezulu

Ukuze uthole ukucaciswa okuningiliziwe kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nendlela yokwenza, thintana nokubanzi PVGIS imibhalo.

Izincomo Zochwepheshe Bemboni

Ochwepheshe bemboni yelanga bahlala bencoma:

1. Izifaki zokuhlala: Qala ngama-PVWatts ukuze uthole izilinganiso ezisheshayo, qinisekisa nge PVGIS
2. Abathuthukisi bezentengiso: Sebenzisa PVGIS ngokubala okuyisisekelo
3. Amaphrojekthi wamazwe ngamazwe: PVGIS inikeza ukunemba okuphezulu komhlaba
4. Ukumodela kwezezimali: Hlanganisa amathuluzi wokuhlaziya okuphelele

Isiphetho: Ukukhetha Okulungile

PVGIS ivela njengenketho enembe kakhudlwana yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zobungcweti, ikakhulukazi ezamazwe ngamazwe amaphrojekthi kanye nokuhlaziywa kwesistimu enemininingwane. Imithombo yayo yedatha ephakeme, amandla okumodela athuthukile, kanye ukuqinisekiswa okuphelele kukwenza kube yisinqumo esikhethwayo sokuthuthukiswa okukhulu kwelanga.

Ama-PVWatts ahlala ewusizo ezilinganisweni ezisheshayo zokuhlala zase-US nezinjongo zemfundo. Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle, abaningi ochwepheshe basebenzisa womabili amathuluzi ngokuphelelisana, beqala nge-PVWatts ngezilinganiso zokuqala futhi baqinisekise nge PVGIS ngezibalo zokugcina.

Inketho ekugcineni incike ezidingweni zakho ezithile: izidingo zokunemba, indawo yendawo, iphrojekthi ubunkimbinkimbi, nokucatshangelwa kwesabelomali.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Ingabe PVGIS khulula ukusebenzisa?

PVGIS inikeza kokubili izinguqulo zamahhala kanye ne-premium. Inguqulo eyisisekelo inikeza izibalo ezibalulekile, kuyilapho i-premium inguqulo ihlanganisa izici ezithuthukisiwe zokusetshenziswa kochwepheshe.

Isiphi isibali esingcono solar yokuhlala?

Kumaphrojekthi okuhlala e-US, i-PVWatts inikeza ukunemba okwanele nokusebenziseka kalula. Okwamazwe ngamazwe amaphrojekthi okuhlala, PVGIS inikeza ukunemba okuphezulu.

Ngingakwazi ukusebenzisa zombili izibali ndawonye?

Yebo, ochwepheshe abaningi basebenzisa womabili amathuluzi ngokuphelelisanayo - i-PVWatts ukuze uthole izilinganiso ezisheshayo zokuqala kanye PVGIS okwe ukuqinisekiswa okuningiliziwe kanye nezibalo zokugcina.

Izizindalwazi zesimo sezulu zibuyekezwa kangaki?

PVGIS ibuyekeza amasethi edatha ayo minyaka yonke ngesathelayithi nedatha yokulinganisa yaphansi. Ukubuyekezwa kwe-PVWatts kuyenzeka kancane kancane kodwa ugcine ukuvumelana nezindinganiso ze-NREL.

Iliphi ithuluzi eliphatha ukuhlaziywa kwe-shading kangcono?

PVGIS inikeza ukuhlaziywa kwe-shading okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngemodeli yezwe kanye nokubala komkhathizwe, kuyilapho i-PVWatts isebenzisa ukucatshangelwa kwe-shading okulula.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezitholakalayo?

Womabili amathuluzi ahlinzeka ngendawo yokusebenzelana esekwe kuwebhu elungiselelwe amadivayisi eselula, nakuba kungekho omakhalekhukhwini ozinikele izicelo.

Isiphi isibali esinembe kakhulu kumasistimu okulandelela?

PVGIS inikeza imodeli yesistimu yokulandela enemininingwane enemininingwane yokulandelela ilanga kanye nokwenza kahle amakhono.

Ingabe lezi zibali zingalinganisela amasistimu okugcina ibhethri?

Alikho ithuluzi elibala ngokuqondile isitoreji sebhethri, kodwa womabili ahlinzeka ngedatha yokukhiqiza yehora engasetshenziselwa ukuhlaziywa kosayizi wesistimu yesitoreji.

Izibali zibuphatha kanjani ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile bephaneli?

PVGIS inikeza amapharamitha wobuchwepheshe bephaneli enemininingwane eminingi, kuyilapho i-PVWatts isebenzisa ukuqagela okujwayelekile okusebenzayo ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaphaneli.

Iliphi ithuluzi elingcono ngezinjongo zocwaningo?

PVGIS inikeza ukuthunyelwa kwedatha enemininingwane eyengeziwe kanye nemingcele yezobuchwepheshe efanelekile kwezemfundo nocwaningo izicelo.