I-Carbon Footprint ye-Photovoltaic Production
Ukukhishwa Kwemikhiqizo
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Solar Panel kwakha ama-CO2 Emissions ngokuyinhloko agxile ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhiqiza inqubo. I-Silicon Extraction kanye nokuhlanza i-akhawunti yedwa kuma-40% okukhishwa okuphelele kwe-liffecycle of a Photovoltaic Panel.
Kwakamuva ubuchwepheshe be-solar panel izinto ezintsha banciphise kakhulu lesi sinyawo sekhabhoni. I-TopCon kanye ne-Hetewojuction Ubuchwepheshe budinga izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kepha usebenze kahle kakhulu obunxephezela kubo izindleko zokukhiqiza amandla.
Isikhathi sokukhokha amandla
Iphaneli yesimanjemanje yelanga "iyabuya emuva" amandla adingekayo ekwenziweni kwawo kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-1 kuye kwayi-4 kuye ngo Ubuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe, ngenkathi busebenza kahle iminyaka engama-25 kuye kwengama-30. Isikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwamandla siyaqhubeka Thuthukisa ukubonga kwi-Technological Actions in Ukukhiqiza i-Solar Panel izinqubo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yezemvelo
Izinto ezivuthiwe namaminerali
Umthelela wezemvelo wokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngokwehlukile Ukukhiqiza amaseli elanga Izindlela futhi kufaka phakathi ukukhishwa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene eziluhlaza:
Anzini: Isisetshenziswa esiningi ekuqothulweni komhlaba (28% wokwakheka kwalo), i-silicon noma kunjalo idinga inqubo yokuhlanza amandla. Abakhiqizi manje bandisa izinqubo zabo ngokusebenzisa ukuvuselelwa ugesi walesi sigaba esibalulekile.
Izinsimbi ezingavamile: Isiliva, elisetshenziselwa oxhumana nabo kagesi, limele cishe u-0,1% we-panel's toral isisindo. Abakhiqizi bakhulisa ezinye izindlela ezinjengoxhumana nabo bethusi ukunciphisa lokhu kuncika.
I-Aluminium nengilazi: Lezi zinto zokwenziwa, ezisetshenziselwa ozimele nokuvikelwa, ziphinde zisebenze kabusha futhi amele umnyango wemvelo ophansi wezemvelo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-Photovoltaic Cell Cell idinga amanani aphezulu amanzi, ngokuyinhloko ukuhlanza futhi Ukupholisa. Iseli elijwayelekile lidla cishe amalitha ama-3 amanzi afakiwe watt. Abakhiqizi abathembekile Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokuphinda usebenzise amanzi ukuze unciphise lo mthelela.
Ukuphathwa Kwemfucuza Yokukhiqiza
Imfucuza yezimboni
Isinyathelo ngasinye sezindlela zokukhiqiza solar zikhiqiza imikhiqizo edinga ukuphathwa okufanele:
- I-Silicon Dust: Kuqoqwe futhi kuphinde kwavuselelwa ama-ingots amasha
- Etching acid: Iphathwe futhi ayithathi hlangothi ngaphambi kokulahlwa
- Izixazululo ze-organic: Kufakwe i-dissed futhi wasebenzisa imali ngezinqubo
Ukusebenza kahle
Ukwenza ngcono izivuno zokukhiqiza kunciphisa inani lokungcola kwe-watt elenziwe. Iseli lesimanje eline-22% Ukusebenza kahle kwakha imfucuza engaphansi engama-30% kuneseli elisebenza kahle ngo-15% lamandla afanayo afakiwe. Ukukhiqiza okusha Izindlela ziyaqhubeka nokwenza ngcono lezi zinqubo ngokuqhubekayo.
Qedela Ukuhlaziywa Kwezifiso
Isigaba Sokukhiqiza (Iminyaka engu-0-2)
Lesi sigaba sigxile kuma-85% wesistimu yekhabhoni yekhabhoni ye-Photovoltaic. Umkhiqizo onomthelela omkhulu kakhulu Izinyathelo yilezi:
- Ukuhlanzwa kweSilicon (40% of Emussions)
- Ukukhula kwe-INGOT (ama-25% okuphuma)
- Ukusika okufiphele (ama-15% okuphuma)
- Umhlangano wemodyuli (20% wokuphuma)
Isigaba Sokusebenza (iminyaka engu-2-30)
Ngalesi sikhathi esinwetshiwe, umthelela wezemvelo ukhawulelwe ku:
- Ukulondolozwa kokuvimbela (ukuhlanza, ukuhlolwa)
- Ngezikhathi ezithile inverter esikhundleni
- Ukuhamba kokungenelela
Lesi sakhiwo se-carbon footprint simele ngaphansi kwama-5% weminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30. Ngokusebenza kahle kohlelo Ngalesi sigaba, usebenzisa amathuluzi afana ne PVGIS ukhala umshini wokubala isiza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle.
Isigaba se-End-Life (ngemuva kweminyaka engama-30)
I-Solar Panel Recycling isixazululo Yiba lube lube lube lube lube lube lube nzima lapha. Amamojula wokugcina-we-Life aqukethe izinto ezibalulekile:
- Ekhanyayo: 75% wesisindo, ama-95% asetshenziswa kabusha
- Aluminiyamu: 8% wesisindo, i-100% iyasebenza kabusha
- Ama-polymers: 7% wesisindo, ngokwengxenye esebenza kabusha
- Silicon kanye izinsimbi: I-10% yesisindo, iyatholakala
Qhathanisa namafutha okugcwala
Kugwemeke ukuphuma
Uhlelo lwe-3 Kwc Photovoltaic lugwema ukukhishwa kwamathani ayi-1,2 e-CO2 ngonyaka eFrance, amathani angama-36 ngaphezulu kwawo isikhathi sokuphila. Lokhu kusebenza kwezindawo phakathi kwemithombo yamandla ehlanzekile etholakalayo.
Isici sokuphuma
Izici ze-Photovoltaic Emission zisukela phakathi kuka-20 no-50 g CO2 / KWh ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-820 g I-CO2 / KWH yamalahle kanye ne-490 g CO2 / KWh ngegesi yemvelo. Umehluko omkhulu uqinisekisa imvelo yeSolar Izinzuzo.
Amasu okunciphisa umthelela
Inqubo yokuthuthuka
Abakhiqizi batshala imali kakhulu ekwakheni izinqubo zabo:
- Ukushisa Ukuvuselela Izindela Zokuncibilika kweSilicon
- Ugesi ovuselelekayo wefektri yamandla
- Ukungcolisa izinqubo zamakhemikhali ezingaphansi kokwelashwa komhlaba
Idizayini ye-Eco-ebhekelayo
Isizukulwane esisha samaphaneli sihlanganisa izindlela zemvelo ezivela esigabeni sokuklama:
- Ukuncishiswa kwezinto ezibucayi (isiliva, i-Indium)
- Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwesakhi okuthuthukile
- I-LIFSPAN ENDLELA YOKUFINYELELA NGA-35- 40
I-Biodiversity Intanethi
Ukufakwa okufakwe emhlabathini
Amapulazi elanga afakwe emhlabathini angathinta izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasekhaya, kepha izindlela zokunciphisa ezisebenzayo zikhona:
- Imigwaqo yemvelo phakathi kwemigqa yephaneli
- Izimila eziguquliwe ngaphansi nasekuzungezile ukufakwa
- Izikhathi zokufaka zihlonipha imijikelezo yokuzala
Ukufakwa kophahla
Ukufakwa kophahla, okufana nalezo ezenziwe nge PVGIS Amathuluzi wokulingisa, njengamanje I-Biodiversity Enomthelela ngenkathi kukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo ezibunjiwe. Le khasi PVGIS simulator yezezimali kungasiza Hlaziya zombili izinzuzo zezomnotho nezemvelo zophahla lwezokwemvelo.
Imithetho yezemvelo kanye namazinga
Izinhloso zaseYurophu
I-Weee (imfucuza kagesi kanye nemishini ye-elekthronikhi) umyalo ufune ukuqoqwa kanye nokuphinda usebenzise kabusha kwe Amaphaneli we-Photovoltaic e-End
Izitifiketi Zemvelo
I-ISO 14001 kanye ne-Cradle to Cradle Certification Guide Makhiqizi ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo. Lezi Amazinga amboza yonke impilo, kusuka ekukhishweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ekusebenzeni kabusha kokugcina.
Amathemba okuthuthukisa ikusasa
Ubuchwepheshe obuqhamukayo
Ukukhiqiza okwenziwe kwakamuva kuthembisa izinzuzo ezibalulekile zemvelo:
- Amaseli weProvskite: Ukukhiqizwa okushisa okuphansi
- Ubuchwepheshe be-Organic: Izinto ze-biodegradable
- Ukuphrinta 3d: Ukunciphisa imfucuza yokukhiqiza
Umnotho oyindilinga
Ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele komnotho oyindilinga emkhakheni we-Photovoltaic kudinga:
- Uhlelo lwe-Eco-Design yemikhiqizo emisha
- Amanethiwekhi aqoqa kahle amamojula asetshenzisiwe
- Iziteshi ezikhethekile nezizuzisayo zokuvuselela kabusha
Kulabo abanentshisekelo yokuhlola amadolobha elanga nomthelela wabo wezemvelo, wethu Ukhala Amadolobha Umhlahlandlela Inikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-Urban Solar.
Ukugcina
Ukuhlaziywa kwezemvelo kuveza ukuthi ngenkathi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga kunomthelela wezemvelo ngesikhathi Ukukhiqiza, lokhu kususwa ngokushesha ngamashumi eminyaka okuhlanzekile kwamandla ukukhiqizwa kwamandla. Ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ngaphakathi Izinqubo zokukhiqiza, ezihlanganiswe nezixazululo ezisebenzayo zokuphindazela, zenza amandla elanga aningi kakhulu Imithombo yamandla esimeme etholakalayo namuhla.
Ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe komthelela wezemvelo we-solar ukufakwa, hlola esethu PVGIS Amasu wokubhalisa okubandakanya ukuhlolwa komthelela wezemvelo okuthuthukile.
I-FAQ - Umthelela wezemvelo wokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga
Ngabe i-solar panel ingcolisa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza?
Ukukhiqiza i-Solar Panel kukhiqiza ukuphuma kwe-CO2, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuhlanzwa kwe-silicon. Kodwa-ke, lezi Ukukhishwa kususwe kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-1 kuye kwayi-4 yokusebenza, kuyilapho iphaneli lisebenza iminyaka engama-25 kuye kwengama-30. Le khasi Ibhalansi yezemvelo ihlala inenhle.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ngephaneli yelanga ukuze isuse umthelela wayo wekhabhoni?
Isikhathi Sokubuyiselwa Kwekhabhoni siyahlukahluka nge-Technology and Invationvation Indawo:
- 1 kuye kwayi-2 ezifundeni ezinelanga kakhulu
- Iminyaka emi-2 kuya kwengu-4 ngokwesilinganiso selanga
Ubuchwepheshe obusha ngokuqhubekayo bunciphisa lesi sikhathi. Ngemininingwane eminingi enemininingwane, hlola eyethu PVGIS umcabango.
Ingabe amapaneli elanga ayasebenza kabusha?
Yebo, amaphaneli elanga angama-95% asetshenziswa kabusha. Ukuvuselelwa kwengilazi kanye ne-aluminium kalula, kanti i-silicon ingahlanzwa yenza amaseli amasha. Iziteshi ezikhethekile zokuvuselela kabusha ziyathuthuka ukuze kwenze le nqubo.
Ingabe ukuvota kwe-silicon ukungcoliswa?
I-Silicon Extraction ngokwayo ingcolisa kancane njengoba le nsiza igcwele kakhulu. Inqubo yokuhlanza lokho kudla amandla amakhulu. Abakhiqizi baphinde basebenzise ugesi ovuselelekayo walesi sigaba esibalulekile.
Yini umthelela wamanzi wamaphaneli elanga?
Ukukhiqiza iphaneli kudinga amanzi okuhlanza kanye nokupholisa kwemishini. Abakhiqizi abathembekile bavuselela lokhu amanzi futhi unciphise ukusetshenziswa. Ekusebenzeni, amaphaneli awasidli manzi, ngokungafani nezitshalo zamandla afudumele.
Nginganciphisa kanjani umthelela wezemvelo we-solar ukufakwa?
Ukunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo:
- Khetha amaphaneli aqinisekisiwe avela kubakhiqizi abathembekile
- Lungiselela usayizi nge PVGIS umshini wokubala Ukugwema -bhekelayo
- Khetha ophahleni lwendlu ngokufakwa komhlaba
- Hlela kabusha ekufakweni
- Uhlale unolwazi nge-yethu PVGIS blog Okuhle kakhulu Imikhuba yezemvelo
Ingabe amaphaneli amaShayina angcolisa ngaphezulu?
Umthelela wezemvelo kuncike okuningi kubuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe kanye nemithombo yamandla efektri kunendawo. Amanye amaShayina Abakhiqizi batshala imali kakhulu emandleni avuselelekayo ngezindawo zabo zokukhiqiza, behlisa i-carbon footprint yabo. Ukuqhathanisa okuphelele kokuqhathanisa, hlola PVGIS24 Izici nezinzuzo.
Ingabe kufanele silinde ukungcolisa ubuchwepheshe obusha?
Cha, ubuchwepheshe obukhona njengamanje obuvele buveze ibhalansi emnandi yemvelo. Ukulinda kungabambezela ngokushesha Izinzuzo zemvelo. Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yenzeka ngokuqhubekayo futhi ingahlanganiswa phakathi nekusasa Ukuvuselelwa Kwemishini