Ukuqonda okuyisisekelo sokugcina sebhethri se-off-grid solar
Luyini uhlelo lwe-Off-Grid Grid?
Uhlelo lwe-Off-Grid Solar, olubizwa nangokuthi uhlelo lwe-standalone, lusebenza ngokuzimela kusuka ngogesi igridi. Yona ngokuyinhloko liqukethe amaphaneli elanga, isilawuli sokukhokhisa, amabhethri wokugcina, kanye ne-inverter ukuguqula amandla we-DC kwa- Amandla we-AC.
Izingxenye zohlelo ezibalulekile
Amaphaneli e-solar photovoltaic Amaphaneli akha umthombo wamandla oyinhloko. Ukukhetha phakathi I-Monocrystalline vs polycrystallinesstalline panels solar ngqo ithonya ukusebenza kahle kohlelo kanye nokusebenza kwezindleko. Amaphaneli we-Monocrystalline ngokuvamile anikela ukusebenza okungcono ezikhaleni ezivalekile.
I-Controller Le mishini ivikela amabhethri ngokumelene ngokweqile futhi akhulise inqubo yokushaja. I-MPPT (i-Point Point Point Tracking) Kunconywa ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.
Amabhethri wokugcina Inhliziyo yohlelo oluzimele, amabhethri esitolo amandla okusetshenziswa kamuva. Ukulinganisa okulungile kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzimela ngokwanele.
Inhlanganisela Iguqula i-DC yamanje kusuka kumabhethri kuya ku-AC ehambisana namanje nge-Standard abomuzi bonke izinto zokwenza izinto.
Izinhlobo zamabhethri wesitoreji selanga
Amabhethri e-Lithium-Ion (Lifepo4)
Amabhethri we-Lithium Iron phosphate amelela ubuchwepheshe obuthuthuke kakhulu kwisitoreji sebhethri se-Off-Grid Solar. Bona Ukunikela:
- Impilo Ehlukile: 6,000 kuya ku-8,000 imijikelezo
- Ukujula okuphezulu kokukhululwa: Kufika ku-95%
- Ukusebenza kahle: 95-98%
- Ukulungiswa okuncane: Akukho kulungiswa okudingekayo
- Isisindo esincishisiwe: 50% light kunamabhethri okuhola
Amabhethri we-AGM (I-Mlan Mat)
Amabhethri we-AGM akha ukuyekethisa okujabulisayo phakathi kokusebenza nezindleko:
- Utshani: 1,200 kuya ku-1,500 imijikelezo
- Ukujula kokukhululwa: 50-80%
- Mahhala: Akukho okungeziwe kwamanzi okudingekayo
- Ukumelana ne-Vibration: Ilungele izindawo ezinokhahlo
Amabhethri we-gel
Ilungele kakhulu isimo sezulu esibi:
- Ukubekezelelana Kwezinga lokushisa: Ukusebenza kusuka -20°C kuya +50°C
- Ukuzimela okuphansi: 2-3% ngenyanga
- Utshani: 1,000 kuya ku-1,200 imijikelezo
- Ukuphepha okuphezulu: Alikho ubungozi bokuvuza kwe-electrolyte
Ukugcinwa kwebhethri
Ukubala izidingo zakho zamandla
Ukulungiswa okulungile kwesitoreji sebhethri se-off-grid solar kudinga ukuhlaziya okuqondile kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwansuku zonke. Nakhu le khasi Indlela:
Isinyathelo 1: I-Appliac Inventory Bhala zonke izinto zikagesi ngamandla azo nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke Isikhathi:
- Ukukhanyisa kwe-LED: 10w × I-6H = 60Wh
- Isiqandisi se-A ++: 150w × 8h = 1,200Wh
- Ikhompyutha yeLaptop: 65w × 4H = 260 WH
- Iphampu yamanzi: 500w × 1h = 500Wh
Isinyathelo 2: Ukubalwa kokusetshenziswa okuphelele Engeza zonke izidingo zamandla nsuku zonke bese ufaka i-20-30% ukuphepha margin.
Isinyathelo 3: Thola ukuzimela okufisayo Amakhaya akude, izinsuku ezi-3 kuye kwezingu-5 zokuzimela ngaphandle kwelanga kunconyiwe.
Ifomula yesayizi
Umthamo webhethri (ah) = (ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke × Izinsuku zokuzimela × I-Safety Factor) / (Amandla akwaStusi × Ukujula kokukhululwa)
Isibonelo Esiwusizo:
- Ukusetshenziswa: 3,000Wh / Day
- Ukuzimela: izinsuku ezi-3
- Uhlelo lwe-24V
- Amabhethri e-Lithium (90% Ukukhishwa)
- Isici Sokuphepha: 1.2
Amandla = (3,000 × + × 1.2) / (24 × 0.9) = 500 ah
Ukusebenzisa PVGIS Amathuluzi
Ukwenza ngcono ukulinganisa kwakho, sebenzisa PVGIS Okokubala ilanga okuthi Idatha yesimo sezulu sendawo futhi ibala ngokuqondile ukukhiqizwa kwe-solar okulindelekile kwesifunda sakho.
Le khasi PVGIS simulator yezezimali futhi ivumela nina Ukuhlola inzuzo yokutshala imali yakho yebhethri.
Ukucushwa kwesistimu nokufakwa
Isakhiwo sohlelo
Ukucushwa kwe-12V Ilungele ukufakwa okuncane (< 1,500Wh / Day):
- Ukufakwa okulula
- Izakhi ezingaphansi
- Ilungele amakhabethe nezindawo zokukhosela
Ukucushwa kwe-24v Inconyelwe amakhaya (1,500 kuye ku-5,000h / Day):
- Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okungcono
- I-wiring enobuningi engaphansi
- Izindleko ezifanele / ibhalansi yokusebenza
Ukucushwa kwe-48V Ukufakwa okukhulu (> I-5,000Wh / Day):
- Ukusebenza okuphezulu
- Ukulahleka okuncishisiwe
- Iyahambisana nama-inverters aphezulu
I-Wiring nokuvikelwa
Ukuthathwa kwekhebula Ukubalwa kwesigaba sekhebula kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukulahleka:
- Inani eliphakeme × 1.25 = ukulinganisa kwamanje
- I-Voltage Drop < Kunconywe ama-3%
- Sebenzisa izintambo zelanga eziqinisekisiwe
Ukuvikelwa kagesi
- Ama-fuse noma ama-breaker wesifunda egatsheni ngalinye
- Izimboni zombani zokuvikelwa kombani
- Shintsha ukunqamula okuphambili
- Isisekelo Somnyango
Ukusebenza kwamandla nokuphatha
Amasu Okusindisa Amandla
Impahla ephansi yokusebenzisa okuphansi Kubeka phambili imishini esebenza kahle:
- Kukhanyiselwe kalula
- A ++ Izinto ezilinganiselwe ezilinganisiwe
- Amaphampu asebenza kahle
- Ukushayela okuguqukayo okuguqukayo
Ukuphathwa Kwemithwalo Yobuhlakani Sebenzisa abaphathi bezinhlelo kanye nabaphathi bomthwalo ku:
- Shintshela imithwalo engabucayi
- Thatha ithuba lamahora okukhiqiza elanga
- Gwema iziqongo zokusetshenziswa
Ukuqapha nokubhekwa
Izinhlelo Zokuqapha Izinhlelo zokubhekwa zinika amandla:
- Ukuqashelwa kokukhiqizwa kwesikhathi sangempela
- Isilawuli sebhethri
- Ukutholwa Kwasekuqaleni Kwe-Dysfun
- Ukusetshenziswa kokulayisha okuzenzakalelayo
Ukuphathwa okuthuthukile, cabanga ngokusebenzisa PVGIS24 enikeza izici zokuqapha kanye nokwenza kahle kwe Izinhlelo ezizimele zelanga.
Ukulungiswa nokuqina
Ukulondolozwa kokuvimbela
Amabhethri e-lithium
- Ukuqinisekiswa kwanyanga zonke
- Ukuhlanza okubulalayo (njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6)
- Ukulawulwa Kokulinganisa Kweseli
- Ukuvuselelwa kwe-BMS (uhlelo lokuphatha)
Hola amabhethri
- Ukuqinisekiswa Kwezinga Lezinga le-electrolyte
- Ukuhlanza okubulalayo (njalo ngenyanga)
- Ukulawulwa kwe-Density (njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3)
- Ukulingana kwekota
Izimpawu zokuguga ukuqapha
Izinkomba zokuguga
- Yehlise umthamo wesitoreji
- Kunwetshwe isikhathi sokushaja
- Amandla aphansi aphansi aphansi
- Ukushisa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokushaja
I-Hybrid kanye nezixazululo ezihambisanayo
Ukuhlangana kweGenerator
Ukuze wandise ukuthembeka, hlanganisa isitoreji sebhethri nge:
Isipele generator
- Isiqalo esizenzakalelayo ku-Low Charge
- Ukulinganisa kuvumelaniswe nemithwalo ebucayi
- Kudingeka isondlo ejwayelekile
Ama-generator aphathekayo elanga Ilanga ephathekayo abakhiqizi Ngesipele esiphuthumayo kwakha isixazululo esihle kakhulu sokusekelayo sezimo ezihlukile.
Amandla omoya ahambisanayo
Ukungezwa amandla ommoya amancane kungathuthukisa ukuzimela, ikakhulukazi ebusika lapho ukukhiqizwa kwelanga kuyancipha.
Izici zezomnotho kanye nenzuzo
Izindleko zokufaka
Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Kokuqala
- Amabhethri e-Lithium: $ 800-1,200 / kWh
- Amabhethri we-AGM: $ 300-500 / kWh
- Isilawuli se-MPT: $ 200-800
- Inverter: $ 300-1,500
- Ukufaka: $ 1,000-3,000
Izindleko ezifakiwe zamandla Emakhaya akude, izindleko ezizimele ze-kWh zivame ukuvela phakathi $ 0.25 no- $ 0.35, uma kuqhathaniswa ne- $ 0.40-0.80 yokuxhumeka kwegridi ezindaweni ezizodwa.
Imithetho namazinga
Amazinga wokufaka
Amazinga kagesi
- Amakhodi kagesi endawo wokufakwa kwendawo yokuhlala
- Amazinga we-Photovoltaic we-International Photovoltaic
- Ukumaka okudingekayo kuzo zonke izinto
Izimemezelo Zokuphatha
- Imvume Yokwakha Uma kulungiswa izakhiwo
- Kuguqulwe ngomshuwalense wasekhaya
- Ukuhambisana nemithetho yendawo yokuhlela amadolobha
Izifundo Ezisebenzayo
Ikhaya Lomndeni Elodwa (Abantu aba-5)
Izidingo Zamandla: 8 kWh / Day Isixazululo Samukelwa:
- Okuqophele × Amaphaneli angama-400W = 4.8 KWP
- 1,000 ah 48V lithium amabhethri
- I-5,000W inverter
- Ukuzimela: izinsuku ezi-4
- Ingqikithi yezindleko: $ 25,000
E-Evideile Yesibili
Izidingo Zamandla: 3 kWh / Day Isixazululo Samukelwa:
- 6 × Amaphaneli angama-350W = 2.1 kwp
- Amabhethri angama-600 ah 24v AGM
- 2,000w inverter
- Ukuzimela: izinsuku ezi-3
- Izindleko eziphelele: $ 12,000
PVGIS Ukubimba
Kuwo womabili amacala, esebenzisa PVGIS24 Izici nezinzuzo uvunyelwe Ukulinganisa ukwenziwa kahle ngenkathi kubalwa ukucaciswa kwesimo sezulu sendawo kanye nokunciphisa izindleko ngo-15 kuye ku-20%.
Ukuziphendukela Kwezobuchwepheshe Kwekusasa
Ukuvuselelwa Kwekusasa
Amabhethri wesizukulwane esilandelayo
- Technologies Sodium-Ion Technologies in Development
- Kuhlala kuthuthukisa amandla wamandla
- Ukunciphisa izindleko ngokuqhubekayo
Ukuphathwa Kwezikhali
- Ubuhlakani bokufakelwa kokwenza kahle
- Ukubikezela kwesimo sezulu okuhlangene
- Ukuphathwa komthwalo okuzenzakalelayo
Izeluleko zesazi
Amaphutha ajwayelekile ukugwema
Isitoreji Under-Sing Umthamo wokugcina onganele yimbangela eyinhloko yohlelo oluzimele ukwehluleka. Hlala uhlele umugqa wezokuphepha angama-25-30%.
Ukunganakwa Kwesondlo Uhlelo olugcinwe kabi lungalahlekelwa yi-30% yokusebenza kwayo ku-a mbalwa iminyaka.
Umoya omncane Amabhethri adinga umoya omncane owanele ukuvikela ukushisa ngokweqile nokwelula -abo Impilo.
Izincomo Zobuchwepheshe
- Njalo sebenzisa uchwepheshe ofanelekayo wokufaka
- Ibeka phambili ikhwalithi yengxenye ngaphezulu kwentengo yokuqala
- Hlela ukulungiswa kusuka ekufakweni
- Gcina imibhalo ephelele yohlelo
Ukugcina
Isitoreji sebhethri se-Off-Grid Solar simele isixazululo esivuthiwe nesithembekile sokunika amandla amakhaya akude. -Yikho ngqo ukulinganisa, Ukukhetha ubuchwepheshe obufanele, kanye nesiqinisekiso sokufaka ochwepheshe kusebenza kakhulu futhi kuqinile uhlelo.
Ukutshalwa kwemali kokuqala, yize kubalulekile, kuvame ukukukhokhela kungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-8 kuye kwengu-12 ngenkathi kunikelwa feza ukuzimela kwamandla. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe kuthembisa nezinhlelo ezisebenza kahle futhi ezingabizi ngaphakathi iminyaka ezayo.
Ukwandisa iphrojekthi yakho, unganqikazi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi wokulingisa atholakalayo PVGIS bese uthintane -kwethu feza PVGIS khapha ukujulisa okwakho ulwazi.
Kulabo abanentshisekelo ngezixazululo ezilula, hlola umhlahlandlela wethu xhuma futhi udlale i-solar amaphaneli okungahle kuphelelise uhlelo lwakho lwe-off-grid noma lusebenze njengephoyinti lokungena ku-solar amandla.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Uyini umehluko phakathi kohlelo lwe-Off-Grid Solar kanye nohlelo oluboshwe ngegridi?
Uhlelo lwe-Off-Grid Solar lusebenza ngokuzimela kusuka kugridi kagesi futhi kudinga amabhethri ukugcina amandla. A Isistimu eboshwe ngeGridi ezinjoloba ngokuqondile ikhiqize ugesi kugridi yomphakathi futhi ngokuvamile ayidingi Isitoreji.
Amabhethri agcina isikhathi esingakanani ohlelweni lwe-Off-Grid Solar?
I-LifesPan incike ngohlobo lwebhethri: Amabhethri e-Lithium adlule iminyaka engu-15 - 20, amabhethri e-AGM ama-5-7, namabhethri e-GEL 8-12 iminyaka. Izimo zokulungiswa nokusetshenziswa zithonya kakhulu lobu buntu.
Ngingakwazi ukufaka amabhethri ohlelweni olukhona lwelanga?
Yebo, kungenzeka ukwengeza amabhethri ohlelweni olukhona, kepha lokhu kudinga ukungeza isilawuli secala futhi Cishe ukuguqula i-inverter. Ukubonisana kahle kunconyiwe.
Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokufaka uhlelo lokugcina ibhethri?
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu ngokuvamile intwasahlobo noma ihlobo lapho izimo zezulu ziqala ukufakwa. Kodwa-ke, ukulethwa Izikhathi kungadinga uku-oda izinyanga eziningana ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Amabhethri elanga ayingozi?
Amabhethri anamuhla, ikakhulukazi amabhethri e-lithium ane-BMS ehlangene, aphephile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kufanele babe -kwatf Endaweni enomoya ovuthayo, evikelwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, futhi aphathwa ngokusho kwemihlahlandlela yomenzi.
Ngazi kanjani ukuthi uhlelo lwami lokugcina lusebenza kahle?
Uhlelo lokuqapha luvumela ukulandelwa kwesikhathi sangempela kokukhiqizwa, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nesimo sebhethri. Izinkomba ezinjengalezi Amandla kagesi, ukushaja / ukukhipha kwamanje, kanye nokushisa kufanele kubhekwe njalo.
Ngemininingwane enemininingwane eminingi kanye nokuxhaswa okuhle, cabanga ukubhalisa ku- PVGIS Amasu wokubhalisa enikeza ukufinyelela kumathuluzi athuthukile nemibhalo. Ungase futhi Hlola kwethu blog ingomane ukuqonda okwengeziwe emandleni elanga kanye I-Photovoltaic izinhlelo.
Ukuthi uhlela ukufakwa okuphelele kwegridi noma ufuna ukuqonda iphaneli yelanga ukuphathakwa Nge-plug and play systems, ukuhlela okufanele nesiqondiso esifanele kuqinisekisa imiphumela efanele Ukutshalwa kwemali kwakho okuvuselelekayo kwamandla.