Ungayikhetha kanjani amaphaneli elanga: Umhlahlandlela ophelele wesazi u-2025

1. Ukuqonda ubuchwepheshe be-solar Panel

Amaphaneli elanga we-monocrystalline

Amaphaneli elanga we-monocrystalline ukuletha izilinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu emakethe (18-22%). Kuyabonakala ngokubukeka kwazo okumnyama okufanayo, bayadlula endaweni ephansi ephansi kanye nezimo eziphansi. -Abo Intengo ye-premium ikhombisa ukusebenza okuphezulu nokuphila isikhathi eside okuhlukile.

Amaphaneli elanga e-polycrystallika

Amaphaneli e-polycrystalline Nikeza inani elihle kakhulu ngezilinganiso ezisebenza kahle ze-15-18%. -Abo Ukubukeka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nezindleko ezilinganiselayo kubenza badume ngokufakwa okukhulu kokuhlala.

Ubuchwepheshe obuncane befilimu

Ubuchwepheshe obuncane befilimu (ama-amorphous, CDTE, CICS) Izicelo ezithile ezidinga ukuguquguquka noma okulula izixazululo, naphezu kokusebenza kahle okuphansi (10-12%).

Ukuhlola amandla e-Technology ngayinye endaweni yakho, sebenzisa PVGIS 5.3 Iphaneli yeSolar umshini wokubala okuqhathanisa ukusebenza ngokususelwa endaweni yakho.

2. Izindlela zokukhetha ezibalulekile

Isilinganiso samandla kanye nokusebenza kahle

I-Solar Panel Wattage kukalwa ku-watts peak (WP). Amamojula ajwayelekile wokuhlala aqala kusuka 300 kuya ku-500 wp. Ukusebenza kahle, okuvezwe njengephesenti, kukhombisa ukuthi iphaneli liguqula ukukhanya kwelanga ngempumelelo ugesi.

Ithiphu Yesazi: Ibeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kwesikhala esilinganiselwe sophahla, ingxenye ephelele yokuthola okutholakalayo izindawo.

Ukushisa okuhlangene

Le pharamitha elibalulekile linquma ukulahleka kokusebenza nge-degree ngayinye ngenhla kwama-77°F (25°C). I-coefficient ephansi (-0.35% /°C) Igcina ukusebenza okungcono kwehlobo.

Amawaranti kanye nezitifiketi

Funa amawaranti omkhiqizo weminyaka eyi-12-25 kanye neziqinisekiso zokusebenza okungu-25 +. IEC, ul, no-tÜV Izitifiketi ziqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuhambisana.

3. Ukufaka ukufakwa kwakho kwe-solar

Ukuhlaziywa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla

Bala ukusetshenziswa kwakho konyaka ku-KWh kwizikweletu zikagesi. Indlu ephakathi nendawo yaseMelika idla i-10 500 I-KWH / ngonyaka, edinga amaphaneli acishe abe ngu-3-35 we-300 wp ngokuya ngokuvezwa kwelanga.

Ukuhlolwa kwezinsiza zeSolar

I-solar irradiation iyahlukahluka kusuka ku-3.5 kWh / m²/ usuku ezifundeni ezisenyakatho kuya ku-6.5 kWh / m²/ Usuku eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Le khasi umvuzo PVGIS umshini wokubala Inikeza idatha eqondile ye-Irradiation yekheli lakho ngqo.

Ukusebenza kwe-Oriental

Ukuqonda okubheke eningizimu-dolobha nge-30-35° ukufutheka kunikeza isivuno esifanele. Ukuhlukahluka kwe-Oriental (Southwest / Southwest) Yehlisa ukukhiqizwa nge-5-10% kuphela.

4. Ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe okuthuthukile

Ubuchwepheshe be-perc nobuchwepheshe be-bifacial

Ubuchwepheshe be-Perc (i-Emitter Reser cell Center) buthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngo-1-2% ngokuthwebula okungcono. Okokupheka Amaphaneli we-harness ekhombisa ukuboniswa komhlaba ngo-5-20% okukhishwa okwengeziwe ngokuya ngokufakwa.

Amaseli asikiwe futhi acwebezelayo

Ubuchwepheshe besigamu se-Half-cut kunciphisa ukulahleka kokuthula nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza komthunzi okuyingxenye. Amaseli acwebelekile aqeda izikhala phakathi kwamaseli okusebenza kahle okukhulu.

Ukumelana kwesimo sezulu okwedlulele

Qinisekisa Ukumelana Komoya (2,400 PA), umthamo weqhwa lomthwalo weqhwa (5,400 pa), kanye nokumelana nomthelela we-Hual (1-inch ku-52 mph) -akhiwe esimweni sezulu sakho sesifunda.

I-5. Ukuhlaziywa kwezomnotho ne-ROI

Izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi

Intengo yokuthenga imele ama-60-70% wezindleko eziphelele. Isici kubakwa-Inverterers, amasistimu ekhuphukayo, ukufakwa, nonyaka ongama-25 ukulungiswa.

Ukubalwa okulula: Ukufakwa okungu-6 kW = $ 12,000-18,000 ngemuva kokuthola intela ye-Federal tax.

Ukubuyiselwa Kwezezimali Nezinkuthazo

I-Net Metering ngokuvamile inikezela ngembuyiselo engcono kakhulu yezezimali. Amakhredithi we-Federal tax anikeza ukuncishiswa okungama-30%, nge -ngaphezulu Izinkuthazo zezwe nezasekhaya zihluka ngendawo.

Sebenzisa Solar wezezimali simulator ukubala -yikho ngqo I-ROI ngaphesheya kwezimo ezahlukahlukene.

6. Ukukhetha kokufanisa kanye nokufakelwa

Izindlela zokukhetha zomenzi

Khetha abakhiqizi abasungulwe (i-sunpower, i-panasonic, LG, i-canadian solar) ngamarekhodi wethrekhi yekhwalithi kanye nezezimali ukuqina. Qinisekisa izitifiketi ze-Tier 1 ezivela kwizimali ezintsha zeBloomberg.

Ukukhetha okufakiwe

Khetha okufakiwe okuqinisekisiwe ngelayisense kanye nomshuwalense ofanele. Cela izingcaphuno ezinemininingwane kufaka phakathi ubuchwepheshe Izifundo, amawaranti, nezinhlelo zokugcina.

7. PVGIS Amathuluzi wokusekela izinqumo

Ama-Calculator akhethekile

PVGIS Amathuluzi elanga hlinzeka ngokuningiliziwe qhathanisa nokuqhathanisa Ukuhlaziya:

• Ukusebenza Kobuchwepheshe Kwezobuchwepheshe
• Ukuqondisisa nokuthambisa ukusebenza kahle
• Izibalo ezisuselwa kwisimo
• Ukuhlolwa komthelela komthunzi

Ukubhaliswa kwe-Premium

PVGIS Amasu wokubhalisa nikeza ukufinyelela ku:

• Ukuhlaziywa kwemizwa yeminyaka eminingi
• Ukuqhathanisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe
• Imibiko yokwenza umuntu uqobo
• Ukuxhaswa Kwezobuchwepheshe Kwezobuchwepheshe

8. Amaphutha ajwayelekile ukugwema

Isicupho sentengo ephansi kakhulu

Amaphaneli ashibhile angabiza isikhathi eside ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa, ukwehluleka njalo, kanye nama-warranti alinganiselwe.

Ukunganakwa

I-10% Umthunzi inganciphisa ukukhiqizwa ngo-50% ngaphandle kwamandla wamandla. Hlaziya ngokucophelela izithiyo (ama-chimneys, izihlahla, izakhiwo ezingomakhelwane).

Inverter donserser

Ama-inverterter kufanele aqondanise amandla wephaneli nokucushwa. Isilinganiso se-DC / AC esingu-1.1-1.3 sivame ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa.

Ukugcina

Ukukhetha amaphaneli elanga afanele kudinga indlela ebanzi ecubungula izidingo zakho zamandla, ezobuchwepheshe Izithiyo nezinhloso zezezimali. Ngenkathi ubuchwepheshe buvela ngokushesha, inqubo eyisisekelo ihlala ikhwalithi, ukumbozwa kwewaranti, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nephrojekthi eqondene.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali kumaphaneli ekhwalithi, usayizi kahle futhi kufakwe ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe, kuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu ingomane Iminyaka engama-25-30.

Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo (i-FAQ)

Q: Yini umehluko wokusebenza phakathi kwe-monocrystalline ne-polycrystalline amaphaneli?
A: Amaphaneli we-Monocrystalline anikela nge-2-4% ukusebenza okuphezulu nokukhanya okungcono okungcono ukusebenza, ukuthelela inani labo le-premium ukufakwa kwezikhala.

Q: Mangaki amaphaneli elanga engiwadingayo ngekhaya le-2 000 sq ft ekhaya?
A: A 2,000 sq ft Ikhaya ngokuvamile lisebenzisa i-8,000-12,000 kWh / unyaka, edinga amaphaneli angama-20- 30 we-300-400 wp ngokuya ngokuvezwa kwelanga futhi imikhuba yamandla.

Q: Ingabe amaphaneli elanga aseChina athembekile?
A: Ukuhola Abakhiqizi BaseChina (Trina Solar, jinkosolaragolar, Longi) ukhiqiza imikhiqizo yekhwalithi eyi-1. Qinisekisa izitifiketi, amawaranti, kanye nensizakalo yasendaweni ukutholakala.

Q: Ngabe amaphaneli elanga adinga ukuhlanzwa njalo?
A: Ezifundeni eziningi, imvula ihlinzeka ngokuhlanzwa okwanele. Ukuhlanza kwaminyaka yonke kungadingeka ezindaweni ezinothuli noma ezingcoliswe kakhulu.

Q: Ngingangeza amaphaneli ohlelweni olukhona lwelanga?
A: Yebo, kepha cabanga Ukuhambisana nobuchwepheshe, iminyaka yobudala, kanye nomthamo we-inverter. Ukunwetshwa kuvame ukudinga ama-inverters angeziwe noma uhlelo Ukuthuthuka.