INDLELA YOKUXELISA INDLELA YOKUZIPHATHA NGOKULULA?

Izinto ezinefuthe le-solar ye-solar

I-irradiation yelanga

I-Irradiation yelanga yeyona nto iphambili ekugqityweni kwemveliso yofakelo lwefotovoltaic. Le datha iyahluka Ngokuxhomekeke kuxhomekeka kwindawo yendawo, ukusukela ukusuka kwi-1,100 kWh / m² / yonyaka kwimimandla eNyakatho iphela I-1,400 kWh / m² / unyaka kwiindawo ezisemazantsi.

I-Irradiation ixhomekeke kwimiba yemozulu yendawo efana ne-Ivar yelifu yelifu, iqhinga, kunye nokusondela kwi imizimba yamanzi. Olu hluko luchaza ukuba kutheni ukufakelwa kabini kwezinto ezinokubonisa isivuno esahlukileyo kakhulu Kuxhomekeke kwindawo yabo.

Ukuqhelaniswa nepaneli kunye ne-tild

Isifundo esifanelekileyo sihlala sijongene ne-mpuma kunye ne-30 ukuya kwi-35. Nangona kunjalo, mpuma okanye umzantsi-mpuma Ukuqhelaniswa nezifundo eziguquguqukayo zinokubonelela ngesivuno esinomdla.

Ukubalwa ngokuthe ngqo ukumisela imveliso yephaneli ye-solar kufuneka idibanise ezi parameter ukuba zibonelele uqikelelo oluyinyani. Umahluko unokufikelela kwi-20 ukuya kwi-30% phakathi kwezifundo ezifanelekileyo nezingafanelekanga.

I-Shackent kunye nemiqobo

I-Shacked ibonisa enye yezona zinto zinempembelelo kwimveliso yefotovoltaic. Imithi, izakhiwo ezikufutshane, I-Chimneys, okanye izinto zomhlaba zinokukunciphisa kakhulu umsebenzi wokufakelwa.

Nditsho nokuntywila kwinxalenye yeephaneli kunokuchaphazela ukuveliswa kweqela lonke. Yiyo le nto ishaza Uhlalutyo kufuneka lumke ngakumbi ngexesha lokubala.

Iimpawu zobugcisa

Uhlobo lweephaneli zelanga, itekhnoloji esetyenzisiweyo (i-monocrystalline, i-polycrystalline, ifilimu emnyama), kunye nomgangatho we-inverter Impembelelo ngqo kwimveliso. Ilahleko yenkqubo yeNkqubo (i-wiring, i-inverter, uthuli) kufuneka ludityaniswe kwi Ukubala.

Izixhobo zasimahla ze-solar panul yemveliso yemveliso

PVGIS 5.3: Ireferensi yasimahla yesayensi

PVGIS 5.3 imele isixhobo sesalathiso sokubala Imveliso yePaneli yelanga yasimahla eYurophu. Iphuhlisiwe ngu Imibutho yophando lwaseYurophu, esi sixhobo sezibonelelo ezivela kugcino olukhethekileyo olubandakanya i yonke intsimi yaseYurophu.

Isixhobo sisebenzisa i-satellite kunye ne-metaorological metaorological ukuya kwishumi leminyaka ukuya kumashumi eminyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuqikelela ukuthembeka. Idibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukwahluka konyaka, iimeko zemozulu zasekhaya, kunye nendawo ubuthi bommandla ngamnye.

PVGIS 5.3 Ivumela ukubala ukubala impumelelo yenyanga nemveliso yonyaka ngelixa kujongwa i-Contation, i-Tot, kunye nefotovoltaic Uhlobo lwetekhnoloji. Esi sixhobo sikwabonelela ngedatha yeeyure kubasebenzisi abafuna ukuhlalutya iiprofayili zemveliso ngokweenkcukacha.

PVGIS24: Indaleko yanamhlanje kunye neenketho eziphambili

PVGIS24 ibonelela ngendlela yanamhlanje yemveliso ye-solar Ukubalwa kwe-Profayili yoMsebenzisi oPhezulu. I Inguqulelo yasimahla ivumela ukubalwa ngokupheleleyo icandelo lophahla elinye kunye nokufumana izinto ngaphandle Iziphumo kwifomathi yePDF.

Olu nxibelelwano lwasimahla lubonelela ngokulalanisa kakhulu kubantu abafuna ukufumana ingxelo yobungcali Ukubalwa kwabo kwimveliso. Isikhokelo se-Euntuive speciasies abasebenzisi ngamanyathelo oqwalaso obahlukeneyo, ukwenza Isixhobo sifikeleleka kuqalise.

Isixhobo sikwadibanisa ukufikelela ngqo kwi PVGIS 5.3 Kubasebenzisi abafuna ukuthelekisa iziphumo okanye bafumane idatha eluhlaza ngaphandle kokunqongophala.

Ezinye izixhobo ezifumanekayo zasimahla

Ezinye izixhobo izixhobo zibonelela ngokubalwa kwemveliso yasimahla yeefotovoltaic. Iprojekthi kaGoogle sunroof isebenzisa uMhlaba kaGoogle Idatha yokuhlalutya uphahla lwendlela, kodwa ukugubungela kwejografi kuhlala kunqongophele kwimimandla emininzi.

Abavelisi bephaneli abaninzi beSolar nabo banika iikhampasi zabo. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zisebenzisa kodwa zisenokuba ukungathathi cala kwezopolitiko kunye nokuchaneka kwesayensi.

Ulwazi-lubalo oluchanekileyo nolwasimahla

Inyathelo 1: Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha esisiseko

Ngaphambi kokuqalisa ukubala ukuze kulungiswe imveliso yephaneli ye-solar, uqokelele ulwazi olufanelekileyo: Phambili Idilesi yokufakelwa, iimpawu zophahla (umphezulu ofumanekayo, ukuqhelaniswa), kunye nokuchongwa kwe imithombo enokubakho enokubakho.

Qaphela kwakhona ukusetyenziswa kombane wonyaka ngokusekelwe kwii-bills zakho ezili-12 ezidlulileyo. Le datha iya kunceda ngokuchanekileyo Ubungakanani bokufakwa ngokweemfuno zakho zokwenyani.

Inyathelo 2: Sebenzisa PVGIS Ukubala okusisiseko

Qala ngokusebenzisa PVGIS 5.3 Ukufumana uqikelelo lwereferensi. Ngenisa indawo yakho, chaza indlela yakho yophahla lwakho kunye I-Talt, emva koko ukhethe itekhnoloji yePaneli ekujongwe kuyo.

Isixhobo siya kubonelela ngoqikelelo lwenyanga nemveliso yonyaka kwi-kWh. Olu datha lusisiseko sohlalutyo lwakho kwaye inokongezwa ngabanye ukubala.

Inyathelo 3: Ukuphuculwa kunye PVGIS24

Sebenzisa PVGIS24 Ukuphucula ukubala kwakho kwaye ufumane ingxelo eneenkcukacha. Inguqulelo yasimahla ivumela ukuthumela ngaphandle i Uxwebhu lwe-PDF lobungcali kubandakanya yonke idatha yemveliso kunye neeparamitha ezisetyenzisiweyo.

Eli nyathelo liluncedo ngokukhethekileyo ukuba uceba ukunikezela iprojekthi yakho kubantu besithathu (abafakelayo, ukuxhasa ngemali Imibutho, usapho).

Inyathelo 4: Ukungqinisisa

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka ukubala, Thelekisa iziphumo ezifunyenwe zezinye izixhobo okanye iindlela zokubala. Ingqiqo ebalulekileyo kufuneka ihlaziywe ukuba ichonge imithombo yokuphambuka.

Ukutolika iziphumo zePaneli yeSolar

Ukuqonda iiyunithi zemilinganiselo

Iziphumo zemveliso zihlala zichazwe kwi-kWh (kilowatt-iiyure) ngonyaka. Eli ziko limele inani le amandla ufakelo lwakho luya kuvelisa kunyaka oqhelekileyo.

Umyinge wentsebenzo (pr) ubonakalisa ukusebenza kakuhle kuthathelwa ingqalelo yonke ilahleko. I-PR ye-0.8 (80%) ithathwa njengento eyamkelekileyo kufakelwe kakuhle.

Ukuhlalutya ukwahluka kwexesha elithile

Imveliso yefotovoltaic iyahluka kakhulu namaxesha. Kwimimandla emininzi, ukuveliswa kwehlobo kunokuba ngama-4 ukuya kwezi-5 iphakamile kunemveliso yobusika. Olu tshintsho kufuneka luthathelwe ingqalelo ekusetyenzisweni okanye kwisicwangciso sokugcina.

Izixhobo z Ukubala zibonelela ngedatha yenyanga evumela ukulindelwa kwezi zinto zahlukileyo kunye nokusebenza kwe ukuzisebenzisa.

Ukuvavanya ifuthe lokuphumla

Isithunzi sinokunciphisa ukuveliswa ngama-5% ukuya kwi-50% kuxhomekeke ekubeniluleka kwayo kunye nokusasazwa kwemihla ngemihla. Izixhobo eziphambili Nceda uchonge ezona xesha zichaphazelekayo kunye neendawo.

Ukubala kwemali ngokusekwe kwimveliso eqikelelweyo

Uqikelelo lolondolozo lombane

Nje ukuba kwemveliso ibalwa, ungaqikelela ukonga kwityala lakho lombane. Ngokuziqhelanisa, ninzi Ukuveliswa kokuzenzela

Le Ukulinganisa kwemali yelanga ivumela Ukuvavanya inzuzo yeprojekthi kunye nokubala ixesha lokubuyisa.

Ingeniso yokubala kwintengiso

Ukuba ukhetha ukuthengisa zonke okanye inxenye yemveliso yakho, ukubala ingeniso ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwimveliso ethengiswayo yi irhafu yangoku yerhafu.

Ukutya-kwirhafu eguqukayo, ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amaxabiso akutshanje ngenxa yokubala.

Buyela kuvavanyo lotyalo-mali

Hlanganisa ulondolozo loMbane kunye neNgeniso yeSalente ukubala isibonelelo sakho sonyaka sokufaka. Yahlula itotali Ixabiso lokufakelwa ngezibonelelo zonyaka ukuze ufumane ixesha lokubuyisa.

Ukwenza ipaneli yepaneli yelanga

Ukukhetha inkqubela phambili kunye ne-telt

Ukuba uguquguqukayo kwi-opertion okanye i-tilt, uvavanyo olwahlukileyo ngesixhobo sakho sokubala. A Ukuqhelaniswa kancinci kwempuma okanye intshona kunokukhethwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwakho kungabikho kwimveliso yelanga Incopho.

Ukugula ngokugqibeleleyo

Sebenzisa iziphumo zemveliso kubukhulu ngokuchanekileyo ufakelo lwakho. Ukungaphezulu kokungaphezulu kwemvume yokufumana inzuzo ukuba ingeniso yentengiso iphantsi kunokugcinwa ngokuzithandela.

Ulawulo lwe-FAS

Ukuba i-Shodidang ichongiwe, ivavanya izisombululo zobugcisa: I-Inderders yamandla, i-Micro-Agers, okanye indlela yepaneli Utshintsho.

Ukunqongophala kwezinto zokubala yasimahla kunye nezisombululo

Ukuchaneka koqikelelo

Izixhobo zasimahla zibonelela nge-85 ukuya kwi-95% yokuchaneka kuqikelelo lwemveliso, ekwanele iprojekthi Uvavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto ezithile zendawo zinokufuna uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo.

Iimeko ezintsonkothileyo ezifuna izixhobo eziphezulu

Uphahla oluntsonkothileyo olunamayeza amaninzi, ufakelo olusekwe emhlabeni, okanye iiprojekthi ngokukodwa Izithintelo, izixhobo ezinobunkunkqele zinokuba yimfuneko.

I Izicwangciso ezihlawulelwayo ze PVGIS24 Nikeza izinto eziphambili Kula matyala athile: Uhlalutyo lwecandelo elihlukeneyo, oluneenkcukacha Ukuphononongwa kwemali, kunye nenkxaso ekhethekileyo yezobugcisa.

Ukuqinisekiswa kunye nokuphuculwa kweziphumo

Uthelekisa ufakelo olukhoyo

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, thelekisa uqikelelo lwakho ngentsebenzo yokufakelwa okufanayo kwingingqi yakho. Imibutho yabasebenzisi okanye Abafaki balapha banokubonelela ngedatha yesalathiso.

Ukubonisana ngobuchule

Ngelixa ukubala ngokukhululekileyo kunokuthenjwa kakhulu, ukuqinisekiswa kwesobuchwephesha boqeqesho esifanelekileyo, ngakumbi kutyalo-mali olukhulu.

Uhlaziyo oluQinisekayo

Imozulu, ezoqoqosho, kunye neemeko zetekhnoloji ivela. Hlaziya ukubala kwakho amaxesha ngamaxesha, ngakumbi ukuba Ukulibaziseka phakathi kokufunda kunye nokufakwa kwanda.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo zokuphepha

Ukuzisebenzisa ngokwakho

Abasebenzisi abaninzi bathatha ixesha lokusebenzisa lokusebenzisa. Hlalutya imikhwa yakho yokusebenzisa ngononophelo ubungakanani.

Ukutyeshela ilahleko yenkqubo

Ilahleko ngenxa ye-inverter, i-wiring, uthuli, kwaye ukwaluphala kwepaneli kunokumela i-15 ukuya kwi-20% yemveliso ye-theoretical. Qinisekisa Ukubala kwakho ukudibanisa ezilahleko.

Ukulibala ukwahluka kobuqhetseba

Iimeko zemozulu ziyahluka unyaka nonyaka. Cwangcisa umda wokhuseleko kwiiprojekti zakho zezezimali ukuphendula ezi zahluko.

Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo kwimveliso

Ukudityaniswa kwengqondo ye-Artificnce

Izixhobo zekamva zesakubalo ziya kudibanisa ii-algorithms ze-AI ukuze zihlaziye ingqikelelo ngokuhlalutya idatha yentsebenzo evela ukufakelwa okwenyani.

Idatha yemozulu yexesha lokwenyani

Ukuzivelela kokuxela kwangaphambili ngokusekwe kwiDatha yeMeteorological ye-meteorological kuya kuphucula ukuchaneka koqikelelo.

Ukudibana neenkqubo zokugcina

Izixhobo ezilandelayo ziya kudibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo iinkqubo zebhetri zokwenza ukuba ukuzisebenzisa kunye namandla inkululeko.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukukwazi ukubala i-Solar Paneraf Rind ngoku ifikeleleka kuye wonke umntu ngenzululwazi ethembekileyo izixhobo ezifana PVGIS 5.3 kwaye PVGIS24. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngoqikelelo oluchanekileyo ngaphandle kwendleko, ukuqhubela phambili kuvavanyo yayo nayiphi na iprojekthi yelanga.

Isitshixo sempumelelo silele kwidatha yokufaka esemgangathweni kunye nokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo iziphumo ezifunyenweyo. Ngokulandela i Indlela yokusebenza eboniswe kweli nqaku, uya kuba nolwazi olufanelekileyo ukuze uvavanye ukubakho kwaye Inzuzo yeProjekthi yakho yefotovoltaic.

Ungathandabuzi ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa iziphumo zakho kwaye uziphephe kwizigqibo zakho eziqinisekiswe ngumfundi ofanelekileyo ubungcali ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokufakelwa. Le ndlela yobulumko iyakuqinisekisa ukuba wenze okona kulungileyo Izigqibo zotyalo mali lwakho lwelanga.

I-FAQ-Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo

Q: Ukubalwa kwe-solar yasimahla yelanga yasimahla yelanga?

A: Izixhobo zasimahla PVGIS Nika i-85 ukuya kwi-95% ukuchaneka kuqikelelo lwemveliso, ekwanele Ukuvavanya ukubakho kweprojekthi yelanga.

Q: Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwenza ukubalwa ngokupheleleyo?

I-A: Ubalo olusisiseko lunokugqitywa kwimizuzu eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 ngezixhobo zasimahla. Uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo iimeko, vumela imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60.

Q: Ngaba i-akhawunti yezixhobo zasimahla zokufumana i-shading?

A: PVGIS 5.3 kwaye PVGIS24 Dibanisa uhlalutyo olusisiseko lwendawo yokufumana iJografi (iNdawo), kodwa ineenkcukacha Uhlalutyo lwesixhobo esikufutshane sihlala sifuna uvandlakanyo lwendawo.

Q: Ngaba ungabala ukuvelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zepaneli?

A: Ewe, izixhobo zivumela ukukhetha ukukhetha ubuchwephesha obahlukileyo (i-monocrystalline, i-polycrystalline, ifilimu ethambileyo) kunye nokulungelelanisa Iiparamitha zokusebenza ngokobuchwephesha bepaneli.

Q: Ngaba kufuneka ukubala kuphinda ubomvu rhoqo?

A: Kucetyiswa ukuvuselela ukubala qho kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12, ngakumbi ukuba iimeko zeprojekthi zivela (uphahla Utshintsho, utshintsho lokusetyenziswa, indalo yexabiso).

Q: Ukubala ngokukhululekileyo kubandakanya ilahleko yenkqubo?

A: Ewe, izixhobo zidibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ilahleko ephambili (i-Inverter, i-wiring, iqondo lobushushu) ngexabiso eliqhelekileyo. Ngaphezulu Ukuchonga ngokuthe ngqo, iinguqulelo eziphambili ze-Advanceji zivumela ukuhlengahlengisa ezi parameter.

Q: Uqinisekisa njani ukungqinelana?

A: Thelekisa iziphumo kwizixhobo ezininzi, uqinisekisa ukungqinelana kunye nokufakelwa okufanayo kwingingqi yakho, kwaye Nxibelelana nengcali yeeprojekthi ezibalulekileyo.

Q: Ngaba izixhobo zasimahla zivumela ukubala ukuzisebenzisa?

A: PVGIS24 kubandakanya ukubala zokusebenzisa ISAMINI IGAMA LENKONZO YABASELULA NGOKUSETYENZISELWEYO.