Amandla eSola kwiLizwe laseBasque: Izicwangciso zoFakelo loMntla eSpain

Ukuqonda iNyaniso yeSolar yaseMntla yaseSpain

Impumelelo kwimarike yelanga yaseBasque iqala ngolindelo oluyinyani kunye nokuqonda ukuba yintoni eyenza lo mmandla yahlukile kwimimandla yaseSpain enelanga.

Amanani emva kweBasque Potential Solar

IBilbao kunye nemimandla engqonge unxweme ifumana malunga ne-1,200-1,350 kWh/m² ngonyaka, ngelixa iintlambo ezingaphakathi elizweni zingakwazi. ukufikelela kwi-1,400 kWh/m² kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo. La manani amele malunga ne-25-30% yokukhanya okungaphantsi kwemitha kuno kumbindi weSpeyin kunye ne-35-40% engezantsi imimandla esemazantsi.

Nangona kunjalo, ukugxila kuphela kula manani kuphosa umxholo obalulekileyo.

Iiphaneli zelanga zale mihla zivelisa umbane ukusuka kokubini ilanga elithe ngqo kunye nokukhanya okusasazekileyo okuthe saa emafini. Imozulu yeAtlantiki izisa iimeko zokusibekela rhoqo, kodwa iiphaneli zisavelisa imveliso enentsingiselo kumafu iintsuku-ngokuqhelekileyo i-10-25% yokuveliswa kwesibhakabhaka esicacileyo kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bamafu. Ngaphezu konyaka, oku kukhanya kwasasazeka igalelo longeza kakhulu.

Inkqubo ye-5 kW e-Bilbao inokuvelisa i-5,500-6,500 kWh ngonyaka, ngokuqinisekileyo ngaphantsi kwe-8,500 kWh kwaloo nkqubo inye. izakuvelisa eSeville, kodwa yanele ukubonelela ngogcino lwebhili yombane.

Inzuzo yeMozulu epholileyo

Iipateni zoNyaka kunye nokuba zithetha ukuthini

Nantsi indawo esemantla eSpain yothusa abafakeli abaninzi: amaqondo obushushu apholileyo athetha ukusebenza ngcono kwephaneli. Ngelixa Iiphaneli zaseAndalusi ulahlekelwe yi-12-18% ukusebenza kakuhle xa amaqondo obushushu ephahla entinga ukudlula i-65°C ehlotyeni, ufakelo lwaseBasque alufane lube ngaphezu kwe-45°C.

Lo mahluko weqondo lokushisa uguqulela malunga ne-6-8% yokusebenza okuphezulu ngexesha lokusebenza.

Amathuba eMarike aXhasekileyo

Cinga ngale ndlela: emazantsi eSpain anokukhanya okungaphezulu kwelanga kodwa iipaneli zisebenza nzima kubushushu, ngelixa emantla eSpain. inokukhanya okuncinci kwelanga kodwa iiphaneli zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Umsantsa wokukhanya kwemitha awuvali ngokupheleleyo, kodwa uyacutheka ngaphezu kweeyure ezikrwada zokukhanya kwelanga zicebisa.

Imodeli yobuchwephesha echaza amaqondo obushushu okusebenza ibamba olu ncedo kwaye iyayithintela ukuthengisa ngaphantsi kwesakhono sommandla.

Amacandelo oShishino neMveliso

Ilizwe laseBasque libonisa ukuguquka kwexesha elimangalisayo kunemimandla esemazantsi. Iinyanga zasehlotyeni zivelisa phantse ezintathu amaxesha ombane amaninzi kuneenyanga zasebusika, xa kuthelekiswa nomlinganiselo we-2-2.5x eqhelekileyo kwi Iindawo zeMeditera.

NgoDisemba nangoJanuwari imveliso yehla ukuya malunga ne-150-200 kWh kwinkqubo ye-5 kW, ngelixa uJulayi unokuhambisa i-650-750. kWh.

Oku kubhengezwa kwemiba yexesha lonyaka kubungakanani benkqubo kunye nokulindelwe ngabathengi. Abafaki kufuneka bancede abathengi qonda ukuba amatyala ombane ebusika awayi kubona unciphiso olumangalisayo njengamatyala ehlobo. Iinkqubo zilinganisiwe ukulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kwehlobo kuyakuthengisela kumazwe angaphandle intshiyekela ebalulekileyo, ngelixa iinkqubo ezilinganisiweyo kwiimfuno zasebusika ziya kuba njalo ingasetyenziswa kancinci ehlotyeni.

Ukufumana ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo kufuna uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo lweepateni zokusetyenziswa kwabathengi kuwo wonke amaxesha onyaka.

IZakhiwo zoRhwebo kunye neeOfisi

Uqoqosho lweLizwe laseBasque kunye nenkcubeko idala iindawo ezithile zentengiso yelanga ezinokujoliswa ngabafaki be-savvy ngempumelelo.

Ilifa lemizi-mveliso yeLizwe laseBasque liyaqhubeka liqinile, linezixhobo zokuvelisa kunye nezoshishino emele abaviwa abaphambili belanga. Le misebenzi idla ngokudla umbane ngexesha leeyure zasemini xa Ilanga livelisa okona kulungileyo, lifikelela kumazinga okuzityela angama-60-80% nangokukhanya okuphakathi kommandla. amanqanaba.

Ufakelo lwama-200 kW kwiziko lokuvelisa lunokoyisa i-120,000-160,000 kWh ngonyaka, lunikezela ngentsingiselo. ukonga iindleko.

Abathengi bemizi-mveliso apha bakholisa ukucinga ixesha elide kwaye baxabise uzinzo kunye noqoqosho. Basoloko bekho ukulungele ukwamkela iminyaka eyi-8-10 yeminyaka yokuhlawula enokuthi idimaze abathengi bendawo yokuhlala, ngakumbi xa isola ihambelana nezibophelelo zeshishini lokusingqongileyo.

Undoqo kukubonisa uhlalutyo lwemali olucokisekileyo olulinganisa zombini ugcino oluthe ngqo kunye neenzuzo ezingathanga ngqo ezifana iziqinisekiso ezizinzileyo eziphuculweyo.

Izicelo zezoLimo

Uphuhliso lwedolophu yaseBilbao lubandakanya intaphane yezakhiwo zeeofisi kunye namaziko orhwebo anendawo yophahla efanelekileyo. Ezi zakhiwo zinemithwalo yombane emini ukusuka ekukhanyeni, iikhomputha, i-HVAC, kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezihambelanayo iipateni zokuvelisa ilanga ngokufanelekileyo.

Imozulu epholileyo ithetha ukuba imithwalo yokupholisa umoya ithozamile xa ithelekiswa namazantsi eSpain, idala ulungelelwaniso ukusetyenziswa unyaka wonke.

Abanini beepropathi zorhwebo baya bebona isola njengenxalenye yokwandiswa kwexabiso lesakhiwo endaweni yeendleko nje ukunciphisa. Abaqeshi banamhlanje kunye nabathengi bajonga izinto ezizinzileyo, ukwenza ilanga libe kutyalomali kwipropathi isibheno ngaphaya kokonga umbane.

Izindululo ezithetha ngembuyekezo yemali kunye nokubekwa kwexabiso lepropathi zihambelana nokwenyani kwezorhwebo abenzi bezigqibo zezindlu.

Abanini zindlu abakhathalele indalo esingqongileyo

Ulimo lwaseBasque lusenokungadumanga kunasemazantsi okanye kumbindi weSpain, kodwa iifama zisafuna umbane imisebenzi. Ukufuya ubisi kufuna amandla kwizixhobo zokusenga, iinkqubo zokupholisa, kunye nezibane eziluncedo.

Imisebenzi yeGreenhouse

Imisebenzi yeGreenhouse, nangona isikali esincinci kune-Almeria, isasebenzisa umbane kulawulo lwemozulu kunye ukukhanya. Iipropati zasemaphandleni zihlala zinendawo eyaneleyo yeenkqubo ezibekwe phantsi komhlaba xa uphahla lungafanelekanga.

Abaxumi bezoLimo bayaluxabisa uqoqosho olucacileyo kunye nezisombululo ezisebenzayo. Abanamdla kangako izakhiwo zenkxaso-mali ezintsonkothileyo kunezibalo zentlawulo ezilula kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo.

Abafakeli abanxibelelana ngokucacileyo ngaphandle kwejargon kwaye bagxile kwiinzuzo zokusebenza-ukuncitshiswa kweendleko zombane, ukuzimela kwamandla, ukukhuselwa ekunyuseni izinga-ukwakha ukuthembela kweli candelo lemarike.

Ukuqonda okusingqongileyo kweLizwe laseBasque kudala icandelo lentengiso yendawo yokuhlala ekhuthazwa uzinzo ecaleni kwezoqoqosho. Aba banini bezindlu bayaqonda ukuba imveliso yelanga esenyakatho yaseSpain ayiyi Tshatisa amanqanaba asezantsi kodwa ukhethe ukufakela kunjalo ngenxa yexabiso lokusingqongileyo kunye nokucinga kwexesha elide.

Eli candelo lilindele uhlalutyo lobungcali kodwa likwaxabisa ubungakanani bempembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Izindululo ukuba Ibandakanya ukukhutshwa kweCO2 okuthintelweyo kunye nokufuduswa kwamafutha efosili ecaleni koqikelelo lwemali kubhenela kubo inkuthazo.

Bahlala bekulungele ukwamkela amaxesha amade okuhlawula kunabathengi abakhuthazwa yimali, nangona basalindele imbuyekezo efanelekileyo kutyalo-mali.

Ubuchule boBuchule boFakelo lwaseMantla

Ukwenza umsebenzi welanga kwiLizwe laseBasque kufuna ukuqonda iindlela zobugcisa ezandisa ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko zeAtlantiki.

Ufakelo olusezantsi olujonge emazantsi kwi-35-38 ° ukuthambeka kusasebenza ngcono kwimveliso yonyaka, kodwa iBasque Iimeko zokukhanya ezisasazekileyo zelizwe zinciphisa isohlwayo sokuqhelaniswa nokungahambi kakuhle. Ukwahlukana kweMpuma-ntshona okanye kancinci Uqhelaniso olusuka emazantsi lulahlekelwa yintsebenzo engaphantsi kunelo beluya kwenjenjalo kwimimandla yemitha ephezulu apho umqa othe ngqo Imitha iyalawula.

Olu bhetyebhetye lunceda xa imiqobo yophahla inciphisa iinketho zokuqhelaniswa. Uphahla olujonge kumzantsi-ntshona oluya kuba udimazekile kakhulu Barcelona inokusebenza ngokwamkelekileyo eBilbao, ilahlekelwe mhlawumbi yi-8-10% yemveliso yonyaka endaweni ye-15-20%.

Imodeli yobuchwephesha elinganisa olu rhwebo-off inceda abathengi ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokuba uqhelaniso non-ideal zamkelekile iimeko zabo.

Ukukhethwa kweZixhobo zeMozulu emanzi

Imozulu yeAtlantiki izisa imvula rhoqo kunye nokufuma okuphezulu ukuba izixhobo kufuneka zimelane nexesha elide. Ukukhetha iimodyuli kunye nee-inverters ezinemilinganiselo efanelekileyo yokusingqongileyo ikhusela ukungaphumeleli kwangaphambi kwexesha.

Jonga izixhobo ezivavanyelwe ukufuma okuphezulu kunye nemigangatho yeemeko ezimanzi, nangona ezi zilinganiso zinganyanzeliswanga kummandla.

Imvula eneneni ibonelela ngenzuzo eqhubekayo-ukucoca ipaneli yendalo. Ilizwe laseBasque alifane libe namava ixesha elongezelelweyo elomileyo elithwaxa imimandla esemazantsi, okuthetha ukuba ilahleko yomhlaba ihlala incinci.

Ilahleko yemveliso yonyaka evela ekuqokeleleni ubumdaka ngokuqhelekileyo iqhuba nje i-1-2%, xa kuthelekiswa ne-4-6% kwimimandla eyomileyo. Oku ukucocwa kwendalo kunciphisa iimfuno zokugcinwa kwaye kunceda ukukhawulelana nenye i-radiation disadvantage.

Inverter Ubungakanani bengqwalasela

Amanqanaba ombane aphakathi anokuphakamisa ubungakanani be-conservative inverter, kodwa eneneni eyahlukileyo ihlala isenza ingqiqo. Ukugqithisa uluhlu lwe-DC ngokumalunga nomthamo we-inverter (umlinganiselo we-1.15-1.25) inceda ukubamba imveliso engaphezulu ngexesha leemeko zamafu rhoqo.

Xa ilanga elipheleleyo ligqabhuza amafu ngokufutshane

Xa ilanga eligcweleyo ligqobhoza amafu ngokufutshane, uluhlu olugqithisileyo lunokubetha umda womthamo we-inverter, kodwa ezo amaxesha encopho anqabile kwimozulu yeAtlantiki.

Ngexesha leemeko zokukhanya ezixhaphakileyo, ukuba nomthamo owongezelelweyo wepaneli kunceda ukonyusa imveliso. Ubuncinci ilahleko yokunqunqa (ngokuqhelekileyo ingaphantsi kwe-1% ngonyaka) yodlulwa kakhulu ngeenzuzo zemveliso ngexesha elisezantsi iimeko.

Esi sicwangciso sidinga umfuziselo ophucukileyo wokwandisa, kodwa unokuphucula isivuno sonyaka sisonke nge-3-5% imozulu yasemantla.

Ukulawula i-Shading kwiiMeko eziTshintsho

Ukunyakaza kwamafu kudala iimeko ze-shading ezinamandla ezingaqhelekanga kwimozulu ecacileyo. Ilifu elidlula phezulu liyachaphazela iiphaneli ezahlukeneyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, ukudala uhlobo lweemeko ezingahambelaniyo apho itekhnoloji yokwandisa khazimla.

I-Microinverters okanye izilungisi ze-DC ezivumela ukusebenza kwephaneli ezimeleyo zenza ngcono ngakumbi kwiBasque Ilizwe kunemimandla enesibhakabhaka esicacileyo.

Ixabiso leprimiyamu yezi teknoloji-ngokuqhelekileyo i-10-15% ephezulu kune-inverters yomtya-yenza ingqiqo xa iinzuzo zokusebenza zibalulekile. Uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lokuthelekisa ulwakhiwo lwenkqubo lunceda abathengi baqonde ingaba utyalo-mali olongezelelweyo lufanelekile kusini na kufakelo lwalo oluthile.

Uhlalutyo lwezoQoqosho kuMntla waseSpain

Imodeli yezemali yeeprojekthi zelanga zaseBasque zifuna uvavanyo olunyanisekileyo lwazo zombini iingenelo kunye nemida xa kuthelekiswa nemimandla yelanga.

Nantsi into echasene nemveliso ephantsi: amaxabiso ombane weLizwe laseBasque ahlala eqhuba i-Euro 0.13-0.19 nge-kWh nganye kubathengi beendawo zokuhlala kunye ne-Euro 0.11-0.16 kubasebenzisi borhwebo, phakathi kwezona ziphezulu zaseSpain. I-kWh nganye iveliswe yonga imali eninzi kune-kWh efanayo ibiya konga kwimimandla enamaxabiso aphantsi.

Inkqubo evelisa i-6,000 kWh ngonyaka e-Bilbao nge-€0.16 nge-kWh igcina i-960 yee-euro ngonyaka, ngelixa inkqubo ivelisa I-8,000 kWh kummandla osemazantsi nge-€0.13 nge-kWh nganye igcina kuphela i-€1,040—i-8% nje yogcino olungaphezulu nangona i-33% ngaphezulu imveliso.

Amazinga aphezulu awawucimi ngokupheleleyo umahluko wemveliso, kodwa ayawucutha umsantsa kakhulu. Uhlalutyo lwemali lobuchwephesha oluthelekisa ixabiso nge-kWh nganye egciniweyo kunemveliso epheleleyo inceda abathengi xabisa uqoqosho lokwenyani.

Okulindelweyo kwiMbuyiselo eyinyani

Ilanga lokuhlala kwiLizwe laseBasque ngokuqhelekileyo libonisa ixesha lokuhlawulwa kwe-9-12 iminyaka, xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka eyi-6-8 Central Spain kunye 5-7 iminyaka emazantsi. La maxesha amade afuna iincoko ezahlukeneyo zabathengi.

Endaweni yokuthengisa ulwaneliseko lwemali olukhawulezileyo, abafakeli kufuneka bagxininise ixabiso lexesha elide, ukhuseleko ngokuchasene nokunyuka kwamaxabiso ombane, ukongezwa kwexabiso lepropati, kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo ecaleni ekugqibeleni ukuhamba kwemali okulungileyo.

Iiprojekthi zorhwebo ezinezinga eliphezulu lokuzithengela kunye neendleko ezisezantsi zokufakela nge-watt nganye zihlala zifezekisa i-7-9. iintlawulo zonyaka, okwenza ukuba banyanzelise ngakumbi ngokwemali. Iisayizi ezinkulu zesixokelelwano zikwathetha ukuba ukonga ngokupheleleyo kakhulu nokuba ipesenti yeembuyekezo iphakathi.

I-Factoring Regional Incentives

Urhulumente wengingqi yaseBasque unikezele ngeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zenkuthazo yelanga ezinokugubungela i-30-45% yofakelo iindleko zeeprojekthi ezifanelekileyo. Ezi nkxaso-mali ziphucula kakhulu uqoqosho lweeprojekthi, ezinokunciphisa amaxesha okubuyisela kwiminyaka eyi-3-4. Nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo ziza kwaye zihambe, kwaye iimfuno zesicelo sokuhamba zithatha ubuchule.

Ukuhlala ngoku kwiinkqubo ezikhoyo kunye nokusingatha inkqubo yesicelo kubaxumi yongeza ixabiso elithethelelayo imirhumo yobungcali. Uninzi lwabathengi abanokubakho bayayishiya inzala yelanga xa bejongene nezicelo zenkxaso-mali ezinzima, ke abafaki abalungiselela le nkqubo basuse umqobo omkhulu wokwamkelwa.

Uhlalutyo lwemali akufanele luyeke ekubaleni intlawulo. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-25 yobomi benkqubo, nokuba ithobekile amanqanaba emveliso, ulondolozo oluqokelelweyo luhlala lukhona.

Inkqubo yendawo yokuhlala enembuyekezo yeminyaka eli-10 isazisa iminyaka eli-15 yenzuzo esulungekileyo emva koko, ekugqibeleni iyonga. € 25,000-35,000 ebomini bayo. Ukuqulunqa utyalo-mali kule migaqo yexesha elide kunceda abathengi babone ngaphaya iindleko zokuqala.

Ukongeza, njengoko amazinga ombane enyuka ngokungaphephekiyo-aye anyuka nge-50-80% kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo-ixabiso iindleko zokuvelisa amandla elanga ezitshixelweyo zibonakala ngakumbi. Ukunyuka kwezinga ngalinye kuphucula uqoqosho lwelanga retroactively, uthango ngokuchasene neendleko zexesha elizayo ezinexabiso lokwenyani nokuba kunzima ukulinganisa ubungakanani ngokuchanekileyo.

Izixhobo ezenza umsebenzi woMntla weSolar

Ukuphumelela kwimarike ye-Basque kufuna izixhobo eziphucukileyo ngokwaneleyo zokuphatha ubunzima bommandla ngelixa ukuhlala usebenza ngokwaneleyo ukugcina inzuzo kwiiprojekthi ezincinci.

Iikhaltyhuleyitha zelanga zegeneric ezakhiwe malunga neengqikelelo zeMeditera aziyithathi inyani yaseSpain. Izixhobo zobuchwephesha zifuna i-database ye-irradiation ebangela iimeko zokusibekela rhoqo, ubushushu imodeli ebonisa iimeko zokusebenza ezipholileyo, kunye nokusabalalisa iimpawu zokusebenza kokukhanya.

Umahluko phakathi kwezibalo eziqhelekileyo kunye nemodeli ephucukileyo inokuba yi-10-15% yemveliso eqikelelweyo-ngokwaneleyo. ukwenza okanye ukwaphula ukwaneliseka kwabaxhasi.

Ukusonjululwa kwedatha yenqanaba leGPS kubaluleke kakhulu kwimimandla esemantla apho imozulu yalapha ekhaya idala kakhulu ukwahluka. Isiza kwintlambo eselunxwemeni sinokufumana i-15% ngaphantsi kwemitha yemitha kunendawo yeekhilomitha nje ezili-10. phakathi kwelizwe kumphakamo ophezulu, ngaphandle kobude obufanayo kunye nobude. Kuphela iinkcukacha ezineenkcukacha zendawo ethile ibamba ezi nuances.

Iiprojekthi zeBasque ziyazuza ngokuthelekisa iindlela ezininzi-umgangatho ojonge emazantsi ngokuchasene nezinye iindlela, ii-inverters zomtya xa zithelekiswa netekhnoloji yokwandisa, ubungakanani benkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye namazinga okusebenzisa ngokwakho.

Uthelekiso ngalunye lunceda ukukhulisa uyilo lwezithintelo ezithile zesiza kunye neemfuno zabaxumi. Eli nqanaba lokuhlalutya isebenza kuphela xa izixhobo zivumela ukulinganisa okungenamkhawulo ngaphandle kweentlawulo zohlahlelo ngalunye zinyanzelela ukuhlola.

Ukukwazi ukwenza imodeli ngokukhawuleza yeeyantlukwano ngexesha leentlanganiso zabaxumi-"kuthekani ukuba sonyusa ubungakanani benkqubo nge-2 kW?"-inika uthethwano olusebenzisanayo olwakha ukuzithemba kwabathengi. Babona ukuba iingcebiso zivela uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo kunengqikelelo eqhelekileyo, ebaluleke kakhulu xa ubacela ukuba batyale imali kwimimandla apho ilanga alibonakali kangako.

Ilanga laseMntla lifuna izixhobo zemali ezihamba ngaphaya kwentlawulo elula yokunxibelelana ngexabiso elipheleleyo.

Uthelekiso lwe-Multi-scenario ebonisa ubungakanani benkqubo ezahlukeneyo, uhlalutyo lobuntununtunu bexabiso elahlukileyo lombane iingqikelelo, izibalo zokulondoloza ubomi obuquka iindleko zokulondoloza, kunye nokudibanisa inkuthazo yonke inceda ukwakha amatyala otyalo-mali anyanzelisayo ngaphandle kweentlawulo ezinde kunemimandla yelanga.

Iingxelo zemali zobuchwephesha ezibonisa ngokucacileyo olu hlalutyo zinceda abathengi baqonde utyalo-mali ingqiqo. Xa amaxesha okubuyisela esolulela ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eyi-10+, umgangatho wonikezelo lwezemali ubaluleke kakhulu uguqulo.

Imbonakalo-mhlaba elawulayo

Urhulumente wengingqi yelizwe laseBasque unokuzimela kwezinye iindawo ezichaphazela ukufakwa kwelanga, ukudala zombini amathuba kunye nobunzima.

Iinkqubo zengingqi zeBasque ngokwembali zinesisa ngakumbi kuneminye imimandla, ebonisa zombini ukuzibophelela kokusingqongileyo kunye neenjongo zophuhliso loqoqosho. Iinkqubo zibandakanya inkxaso-mali yofakelo oluthe ngqo, inkxaso-mali enenzala ephantsi, kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukufumaneka kwenkqubo kuyaguquguquka kunye nomjikelo wohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nezinto eziphambili zezopolitiko, ezifuna ukuba abafakeli bafake hlala ngoku.

IBilbao kunye nezinye izixeko ezikhulu zaseBasque ziye zahlengahlengisa imvume yelanga, ngelixa oomasipala abancinci banokuba nayo iinkqubo ezingamiselwanga. Ukuqonda iimfuno zengingqi kuwo wonke ummandla kuthintela ukulibaziseka.

Ezinye iidolophu zikhuthaza amandla elanga ngokusebenzisa imvume ekhawulezileyo kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa, ngelixa ezinye zigcina iindlela ezingaphezulu ze-bureaucratic.

Iinkqubo zoqhagamshelo lwegridi zilandela imimiselo yesizwe yaseSpain kunye nokuphunyezwa kosetyenziso lwengingqi. Indawo izinto eziluncedo ngokubanzi zisebenzisana nofakelo lwelanga, nangona iiprojekthi ezinkulu zorhwebo zisafuna izifundo zobugcisa kunye nolungelelwaniso.

Ukwakha ubudlelwane obuhle bokusebenza kunye nabameli bezinto eziluncedo kulungelelanisa inkqubo kwiiprojekthi ezininzi.

Ukuma kwiMpumelelo

Ukuchuma kwimarike yelanga yaseBasque kuthetha ukwamkela into eyenza ukuba lo mmandla ube wodwa kunokuzama ukuphindaphinda izicwangciso zasemazantsi Spain.

Abahlali abaninzi baseBasque kunye namashishini bacinga ukuba ilanga alinangqiqo emantla eSpain. Abafakeli abaphumeleleyo thatha indlela yokufundisa, ichaza indlela itekhnoloji yanamhlanje esebenza ngayo ekukhanyeni okusasazekayo, ebonisa izibonelelo zokusebenza kakuhle ubushushu, ebonisa idatha yokwenyani imveliso ukusuka ufakelo esele zikhona, kwaye ngokunyaniseka ukuxubusha ngeengenelo nemida.

Esi sikhundla semfundo sakha ukuthembana. Abathengi bayakuxabisa ukuthetha phandle malunga neentlawulo ezinde endaweni yokunyuka izithembiso, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba baqhubeke xa beqonda isindululo sexabiso esikhoyo.

Ayinguye wonke umntu onokuthi abe ngumthengi onengqiqo kwiLizwe laseBasque. Gxininisa kumaziko amashishini anemini ephezulu ukusetyenziswa, abanini bezindlu ezikhuthazwa ngokusingqongileyo kunye neembono zexesha elide, iipropati zorhwebo ezifunayo iziqinisekiso zozinzo, kunye nemisebenzi yezolimo kunye neemfuno eziphathekayo zamandla.

Kuphephe ukuleqa abathengi abangakhathali ngamaxabiso abalindele uqoqosho lwaseSpain-baya kudana nokuba banjani. kuhle ufakelo.

Ukukhanya okusezantsi kuthetha ukuba iprojekthi nganye ifuna iinzame ezithe chatha xa kuthelekiswa nofakelo olusemazantsi. Impumelelo iphuma ekugcineni imida esempilweni ngokubekwa kwindawo yobuchwephesha endaweni yokusukela amanani aphezulu ngamaxabiso aphantsi.

Uhlalutyo lomgangatho, izixhobo eziphezulu, iindlela ezigqwesileyo zofakelo, kunye nenkonzo eyomeleleyo yabathengi amaxabiso obuchule kubathengi abaqonda ixabiso elingaphaya kwexabiso eliphantsi.

Ndijonge phambili

Imarike yelanga yaseBasque isaphuhla xa kuthelekiswa nemimandla efana eMadrid okanye Barcelona, oko kukuthi amathuba kubafaki abazimiseleyo ukuseka izikhundla kwangethuba. Njengoko iteknoloji iphucula, iindleko ziyancipha, kwaye ulwazi lokusingqongileyo luyakhula, imakethi yaseSpain esemantla iya kwanda kakhulu.

Ukudityaniswa kokugcinwa kwebhetri kuya kunceda ngakumbi ufakelo olusemantla ngokususa imveliso ehlotyeni intsalela yokunqongophala kwasebusika, ukuphucula uqoqosho lokuzisebenzisa kakhulu. Njengoko iindleko zokugcina zisehla ukuya ukusebenza, ufakelo lwesiBasque lunokubona uphuculo olumangalisayo kuqoqosho lweprojekthi.

Ukwenza i-Northern Solar Work

Ilizwe lesiBasque alizukulingana Imveliso yeAndalusia okanye Imozulu yaseValencia iingenelo, kodwa ibonelela ngamathuba asemthethweni elanga kubafaki abaqondayo lo mmandla iimpawu. Amaqondo obushushu apholileyo, amazinga aphezulu ombane, ukuqonda okusingqongileyo okuqinileyo, kunye amandla orhwebo angagcinwanga adibanisa ukudala amathuba oshishino asebenzayo.

Impumelelo ifuna unxibelelwano lomthengi olunyanisekileyo, uhlalutyo lobuchwephesha obuphucukileyo, imodeli yezemali yobuchwephesha, kunye nokumiswa okusekelwe kumgangatho kunye nobuchule.

Izixhobo kunye neendlela ezisebenza kulo mmandla kufuneka zijongane nobunzima ngokufanelekileyo-imozulu yendawo eneenkcukacha idatha, imodeli yemeko ebanzi, uhlalutyo lwemali olucokisekileyo oluthatha amaxesha amaninzi.

Xa abafakeli bezisa izakhono zobuchwephesha kwimarike apho abaninzi bagxotha amandla elanga, bafumana amathuba abanye abawajongiyo.