Iipaneli zeSolar kwiZiqithi zaseCanary: IsiKhokelo sokuFakela iSolar Island

Kutheni iiCanary Zohlula

Ukuqonda indibaniselwano eyodwa yeziqithi eziluncedo kunye nemingeni kubumba yonke inkalo yeprojekthi ucwangciso kunye nokwenziwa.

IMveliso eYodwa yoNyaka wonke

I-Latitude ye-Canary' subtropical latitude malunga ne-28°N inika ukukhanya kwelanga okungaguqukiyo unyaka wonke. I-Tenerife, iGran Canaria, iLanzarote, kunye neFuerteventura zonke zifumana i-1,800-2,100 kWh/m² ngonyaka ngokuxhomekeke kwi. indawo ethile kunye nokuphakama.

Okumangalisa ngakumbi kunamanani aluhlaza kukuhambelana-imveliso yasebusika ifikelela kwi-65-75% yehlobo. isiphumo, umahluko onganeno kakhulu kunotshintsho olumangalisayo lwamaxesha onyaka olubonwayo kumantla eSpeyin apho ubusika buhla ukuya kuma-35-45% yamanqanaba ehlobo.

Oku kuzinza kwemveliso kuthetha ukongiwa kwetyala lombane rhoqo ngenyanga kunye nokuhamba kwemali okuqikelelwa ngakumbi. Kuba amashishini, ukuphelisa ukwahluka kwengeniso yexesha elithile kuphucula ucwangciso lwezemali. Kubanini bezindlu, ukubona Ulondolozo olungaguquguqukiyo unyaka wonke lomeleza ulwaneliseko notyalo-mali lwabo ngelanga.

Inkqubo ye-5 kW e-Tenerife inokuvelisa i-600-700 kWh nangoDisemba, xa kuthelekiswa ne-900-1,000 kWh ngoJulayi-isekho. umahluko omkhulu, kodwa akukho nto ifana nojingi oluphindwe kathathu oluqhelekileyo kumhlaba omkhulu.

Iigridi ezikwaZodwa kunye neeNdleko zoMbane eziPhezulu

Iingqwalasela zeMozulu Ngaphaya kokukhanya kwelanga

Isiqithi ngasinye esikhulu sisebenza ngokwaso igridi yombane, sikwanti kumbindi welizwe kunye nezinye iziqithi. Oku Ukwahlukaniswa kuqhuba iindleko zombane eziphezulu kakhulu kunepeninsula yaseSpain. Amaxabiso okuhlala ahlala efikelela €0.20-0.28 kWh nganye, nabanye abathengi bahlawula nangakumbi phantsi kwezakhiwo ezithile zomrhumo.

Amaxabiso orhwebo aqhuba i-Euro 0.15-0.22 kWh nganye. La maxabiso epremiyamu enza ukuba i-kWh nganye yemveliso yelanga ibe yekhethekileyo ezixabisekileyo.

Iigridi ezibekwe zodwa zikwathetha umthamo onyiniweyo wokufunxa intsalela yokwenziwa kwesola ngomyinge. Ngexesha langoku ukungena kuhlala kusezantsi ngokwaneleyo ukuba ufakelo lomntu ngamnye alujongani nemiqobo yobugcisa, ukukhula kwexesha elide I-trajectory icebisa ukuba ukugcinwa kwebhetri kuya kuba kubaluleke ngakumbi njengoko ukwamkelwa kwelanga kukhula.

Abafakeli abacinga phambili bayazibeka kolu tshintsho ngokuphuhlisa ubuchule bokugcina ngoku.

ULungiselelo lweSiqithi kunye noCwangciso

I-Subtropical ayithethi ukuba lula. Imozulu yeziqithi yahluka kakhulu—imimandla eselunxwemeni yahlukile kumbindi welizwe iindawo, utyhileko olusemantla lujongana namafu ngaphezu kokuvezwa okusemazantsi, kwaye ukuphakama kwenza okubalulekileyo ukwahluka phakathi kweendawo ezincinci zejografi.

Intaba yaseTenerife iTeide idala iipatheni zemozulu ezenza ukuba umntla ube namafu kakhulu kunasemazantsi, okunokubanga 20-30% umahluko wemveliso phakathi kweendawo eziqelelene nje ngeekhilomitha ezingama-30.

Imimoya yorhwebo izisa impepho engaguqukiyo enceda iiphaneli ezipholileyo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ngokuyinxenye ukuphelisa ubushushu. amaqondo obushushu akhoyo. Kodwa loo mimoya ifanayo iphethe isitshizi setyuwa esikhawulezisa ukubola xa kuchaziwe ngokungafanelekanga izixhobo.

Ukuqonda kunye nokubalwa kwezi meko zemozulu zinxibeleleneyo kwahlula abafaki besiqithi abachwephesha kwabo basebenzisa nje intelekelelo yelizwe.

INyaniso yokuThumela kunye nokuThengisa

Yonke iprojekthi yelanga ibandakanya izinto, kodwa iziqithi zongeza iileya zobunzima obuchaphazela amaxesha, iindleko kunye iindlela zokucwangcisa.

Yonke into-iipaneli, ii-inverters, iinkqubo zokuxhoma, yonke into-ifika ngenqanawa okanye ngenqwelomoya. Amaxesha okukhokela ayolula iiveki ezinde kunokuhanjiswa komhlaba, iindleko zokuthumela zongeza i-15-25% kwiindleko zezixhobo, kunye nokukhutshwa kwempahla. yazisa ukulibaziseka okunokwenzeka. Umyalelo okhawulezileyo oza kufika eMadrid ngeentsuku ezintathu unokuthatha iiveki ezintathu ukuya eLas Palmas.

Le nyaniso inyanzelisa izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lwempahla. Abafakeli abaphumeleleyo mhlawumbi bagcine indawo izixhobo inventory for amacandelo eziqhelekileyo, ukwamkela iindleko ethwele njengemfuneko ishishini, okanye bakha ixesha elide leprojekthi kulindelo lwabathengi kunye nokucwangcisa.

Abafakeli abasokolayo ngabo babanjwe phakathi kweendlela-ezithembisayo zamaxesha omhlaba ngaphandle kwe-inventory backup, emva koko ujongane nabathengi abadanileyo xa ulibaziseko lusenzeka.

Inkxaso yoBugcisa kunye neNkonzo yeWaranti

Xa izixhobo zisilela kumhlaba omkhulu, abavelisi okanye abasasazi banokuthumela amagcisa kwiintsuku nje. Kwi eziqithini, kwaloo mnxeba ufanayo wenkonzo unokuthatha iiveki okanye ungenzeki. Le nyaniso iphakamisa izixhobo ukuthembeka ukusuka kubuhle-ukuba-ukuya kwishishini elibalulekileyo.

Ukukhetha abavelisi abanobukho benkonzo yasekhaya esekiweyo okanye abasasazi abazinikele kwinkxaso yesiqithi ikhusela imiba yewaranti ekubeni ibe ziintlekele zokwaneliseka kwabathengi.

Abanye abafakeli bahlula ngokugcina i-inventory yabo ye-spare parts kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusilela-ukubuyisela ii-inverters, iibhokisi zokudibanisa, izixhobo zokubeka iliso. Iindleko zokuthwala zakhelwa kumaxabiso eprojekthi njengenkonzo ixabiso, kunye nabathengi abajongene nokulungiswa ngokukhawuleza endaweni yokulinda iiveki elide babe yimithombo yokudlulisela.

Iingqwalasela zeZakhono zaBasebenzi

Umzi-mveliso welanga weziqithi uyakhula kodwa uhlala umncinci kunemarike yelizwe, okuthetha ukugcwala kwamava amagcisa elanga alinganiselwe.

Uqeqesho kunye nokugcina umgangatho wabasebenzi bofakelo iba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuneemarike apho kukho abasebenzi abanezakhono ifumaneka ngokulula. Abanye abafakeli bazisa abasebenzi abavela kwilizwekazi kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu, nangona oku kongeza iindleko kunye ukuntsonkotha kwamalungiselelo.

Ukhuphiswano olulinganiselweyo lwabasebenzi abanamava lukwathetha iindleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi kuneemarike ezithelekisekayo zelizwe. Ezi ndleko kufuneka zidlulele kumaxabiso eprojekthi-ukuzama ukuthelekisa amaxabiso elizwe kunye neendleko zesiqithi kukhokelela imida engazinzanga.

Iindlela zobuGcisa zokuPhumelela kweSiqithi

Ukwenza umsebenzi welanga kwindawo yesiqithi kufuna ingqwalasela kwizinto ezinokungahoywa ngabafaki behlabathi okanye qwalasela okwesibini.

Olu bhetyebhetye lunceda xa imiqobo yophahla inciphisa iinketho zokuqhelaniswa.

Ulawulo loMoya weTyuwa kunye nokuMhlwa

Iindawo ezingaselunxwemeni zijongana nomhlwa womoya onetyuwa othoba isidima sezixhobo ezisemgangathweni ngokukhawuleza kunabenzi lindela. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kweekhilomitha ezintlanu zonxweme-okubandakanya uninzi lwabantu baseCanary amaziko-kufuneka asebenzise amacandelo alinganiselwe ngokukodwa kwiindawo zaselwandle okanye ezinobungozi kakhulu.

Oku kuthetha iimodyuli ezinolwakhiwo olomeleleyo lwesakhelo kunye nehardware enganyangekiyo kukutya, ii-inverters kwi-NEMA 4X okanye iindawo ezivalekileyo ezilinganayo, intsimbi engatyiwayo okanye iinkqubo zokuxhoma ezigqunywe kakhulu, kunye nomhlwa obanzi ukhuseleko kulo lonke uqhagamshelo oluveziweyo.

Ixabiso leprimiyamu yezixhobo zokulinganisa okufanelekileyo komgangatho waselwandle uqhuba i-10-15% ngaphezulu kwezixhobo eziqhelekileyo, kodwa enye indlela kukungaphumeleli kwangaphambi kwexesha, iingxabano zewaranti, kunye nomonakalo wodumo.

Abafakeli besiqithi abachwephesha bachaza izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwasekuqaleni kwaye bafundise abathengi malunga nokuba kutheni kufanelekile Amacandelo abalulekile, kunokuba abeke esichengeni iinkcukacha zokubetha amaxabiso aphantsi.

Ukulayishwa koMoya kunye neeNgqwalasela zeZakhiwo

Imimoya yorhwebo kunye nezaqhwithi zetropikhi zamaxesha athile zidala imithwalo yomoya ephezulu kunezinye iindawo ezininzi zomhlaba.

Iinkqubo zokunyuka kufuneka ziphendule ngemimoya ezinzileyo kunye nesaqhwithi esinokubakho kanye kwiminyaka elishumi kodwa sinokutshabalalisa. Ufakelo olwenziwe ngobunjineli ngokungafanelekanga. Ubunjineli bolwakhiwo obulondolozayo kunye neenkcukacha zokufakwa ngamandla zongeza iindleko zangaphambili kodwa uthintele ukusilela okuyintlekele.

Iipropati ezininzi zokuhlala azinamaxwebhu acacileyo, afuna abafakeli ukuba benze ubunjineli iimvavanyo malunga nomthamo wophahla. Xa uthandabuza, iindlela zokuziphatha zithintela iphupha elibi le- ukuwa kophahla.

Abanye abafakeli basebenzisana neenjineli zezakhiwo zengingqi kwiiprojekthi apho umthamo wophahla uyathandabuzeka, ukongeza ukuqinisekiswa kobuchwephesha okhusela umfaki kunye nomthengi.

Ukulungiselela iMveliso yoNyaka wonke

Ukukhanya kwelanga okuguquguqukayo kweCanary kunye nobubanzi obuphantsi (28°N xa kuthelekiswa ne37-43°N kwilizwe laseSpain) iiengile zokuthambeka ezisezantsi kunemithetho yemveli yobhontsi icebisa. Ukuthambeka okugqibeleleyo ngokuqhelekileyo kuwela phakathi kwe-25 ° kunye ne-30 ° kunokuba 30-38 ° eqhelekileyo kwilizwekazi.

I-engile esezantsi ibamba ngcono ii-engile zelanga eziphezulu unyaka wonke ngelixa inciphisa ukulayishwa komoya kwisixokelelwano.

Oko kuthethiweyo, i-microclimates yasekhaya inokutshintsha ezi zibalo zokuphucula. Ukuvezwa okusemantla kwiziqithi ezinje I-Tenerife enesigqubuthelo selifu esibalulekileyo inokuxhamla kwiithambeka ezithe thaa kancinci ukuze ibambe ukukhanya okusasazeka ngcono. Imodeli yobuchwephesha kusetyenziswa idatha yendawo ethile yokukhanya imisela ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo kunokuba ukungaphumeleli kwimithetho eqhelekileyo.

UKhetho lwesiguquli sokufuma

Ukufuma okuthe rhoqo kunye nomoya wetyuwa kudala iimeko zokusebenza ezirhabaxa kwizinto zombane. Ukukhetha inverter kufuneka beka phambili iimodeli ezinerekhodi eqinisekisiweyo kwindawo yetropikhi okanye yaselwandle, iindawo ezivaliweyo ngokufanelekileyo ulawulo lokungena komoya, kunye nokhuselo lwewaranti olubandakanya ngokuthe gca ufakelo lwaselunxwemeni.

Abanye abavelisi bazibhangisa iziqinisekiso zofakelo olukufutshane namanzi anetyuwa ngaphandle kokuba iimodeli ezithile ziyilelwe oko iindawo ezisingqongileyo zibaluliwe.

Ufakelo lwe-inverter yangaphakathi, ngelixa ukongeza ubunzima kunye neendleko, bandisa kakhulu ubomi bezixhobo elunxwemeni iindawo ezingqongileyo. Kwiinkqubo ezinkulu zokurhweba, utyalo-mali kumagumbi e-inverter alawulwa yimozulu ahlawula ngokunciphisa amazinga okusilela kunye nobomi obude besixhobo.

Amacandelo eMarike kunye namaThuba

Uqoqosho lwezi ziqithi ludala amathuba awohlukeneyo okukhanya kwelanga abunjwe lukhenketho, ezolimo kunye neendawo zokuhlala iipateni ezizodwa kubomi besiqithi.

Amathuba eCandelo lezoKhenketho

Ukhenketho lulawula uqoqosho lwaseCanary, ludala amathuba amakhulu kwiihotele, kwiindawo ekuchithelwa kuzo iiholide, ekurenteni iiholide iipropati, kunye namashishini anxulumene nokhenketho. Ezi ndawo zisebenzisa umbane obalulekileyo unyaka wonke, nangona kunjalo ngemfuno ephezulu ngexesha lonyaka labakhenkethi elihambelana ngokufanelekileyo nemveliso yelanga.

Abakhenkethi banamhlanje baqwalasela ngakumbi ukuzinza xa bekhetha indawo yokuhlala, besenza ukufakwa kwelanga zombini iindlela zokonga iindleko kunye nee-asethi zokuthengisa.

Iipropati zokurenta iholide zimele icandelo elinomdla kakhulu. Abanini bahlala kwezinye iindawo-kwanakwi- kwilizwekazi okanye kwamanye amazwe-kwaye ujonge iipropati zesiqithi njengotyalo-mali.

Bayayixabisa i-solar ekunciphiseni iindleko zokusebenza kunye nesibheno sozinzo esiyalela iprimiyamu amaxabiso erenti. Izindululo zobungcali ezilinganisa zombini ukonga umbane othe ngqo kunye nokubanakho ukuphuculwa Ingeniso yerenti ihambelana nabatyali-zimali.

Iimpawu zeMarike yokuHlala

Iindleko zombane wokuhlala esiqithini zithethelela umbane welanga nakumakhaya asetyenziswa kancinci. Usapho usebenzisa I-3,000-4,000 kWh ngonyaka ingachitha i-700-1,000 ye-euro kumbane-yanele ukwenza inkqubo ye-3-4 kW ngokwezoqoqosho. inomtsalane ngaphandle kogcino olupheleleyo kunemizi esetyenziswa kakhulu kumhlaba omkhulu.

Abahlali beSiqithi nabo babonisa ukuqonda okusingqongileyo okunamandla kunye nomdla wokuzimela kwamandla. Kuba abemi abaxhomekeke kwimveliso ye-diesel kunye nokuthengwa kwepetroli evela kumazwe angaphandle, i-solar imele ubuthathaka obucuthiweyo kwi-fuel ukuguquguquka kwexabiso kunye nokuphazamiseka kokubonelela.

Ezi zintshukumisa zingezizo ezoqoqosho zincedisana neenzuzo zemali kwaye zinceda ukoyisa ixesha elide lokuhlawulwa ngokunxulumene Ufakelo lwelizwekazi.

EzoRhwebo kunye nezoShishino

Izakhiwo zorhwebo, iindawo zokuthenga, kunye nezixhobo ezilula zemizi-mveliso zibonelela ngamathuba aqhelekileyo elanga ziyafana neemarike zelizwe, nangona ukongezwa koqoqosho oluvela kumazinga aphezulu ombane.

Ufakelo lwentengiso lwe-100 kW lunokonga i-€18,000-25,000 ngonyaka kwiiCanaries xa kuthelekiswa ne-12,000-16,000 ye-euro. kwinkqubo efanayo kwilizwe, ukuphucula uqoqosho lweprojekthi nangona iindleko zofakelo eziphezulu.

Ukhuphiswano olulinganiselweyo phakathi kwabafaki besiqithi beeprojekthi zorhwebo kuthetha ukuba abafakeli abafanelekileyo banokuyalela imida esempilweni. Abathengi bezorhwebo bayaqonda ukuba iindleko zesiqithi zidlula amaxabiso elizwe kwaye bayayamkela le nyaniso xa usebenza neengcali ezizisa iziphumo ezisemgangathweni.

Izicelo zezoLimo

Icandelo lezolimo kwiiCanary—kuquka amasimi ebhanana, izidiliya, neendawo ezilima izityalo—lifuna umbane wokunkcenkceshela, ulawulo lwemozulu, kunye nokulungiswa. Le misebenzi ibonelela ngamathuba amahle elanga, nangona imarike yezolimo ithande ukuba buthathaka kwaye ilindele uqoqosho oluthe ngqo ngaphandle kokuntsonkotha izakhiwo zenkxaso-mali.

Ukususwa kwetyuwa emanzini kubonisa imfuno eyodwa yezolimo neyomasipala kwiziqithi ezomileyo. Ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa emanzini ngamandla kakhulu amandla, oko kuyenza ibe sisicelo esifanelekileyo sombane welanga.

Ngelixa izityalo ezinkulu zikamasipala zokukhupha ityuwa zifuna usetyenziso-mlinganiso welanga engaphaya kwamandla omfakeli, amancinci imisebenzi yabucala yokukhutshwa kwetyuwa kwezolimo okanye uluntu lwasemaphandleni lunika amathuba afikelelekayo.

IModeli yezeMali yeeProjekthi zeSiqithi

Uqoqosho lwesiqithi ludibanisa izinto ezithandekayo-amazinga aphezulu ombane, imveliso eyomeleleyo-kunye nemingeni efana izixhobo eziphakamileyo kunye neendleko zokufakela ezifuna uhlalutyo oluphucukileyo ukuze kunxibelelane ngokuchanekileyo.

INdleko-yeNzuzo eseleyo

Izixhobo, ukuthunyelwa kwenqanawa, abasebenzi, kunye ne-logistics drive efakiweyo ixabisa i-20-30% ephezulu kuneeprojekthi ezithelekisekayo zelizwe. Inkqubo yokuhlala exabisa i-1.20-1.40 ye-watt kwilizwekazi inokuqhuba i-1.50-1.75 ye-watt nganye kwiiCanaries. Nangona kunjalo, iireyithi eziphezulu zombane kunye nemveliso eyomeleleyo yenza izibonelelo zokunciphisa ezithintela ukuhlawulwa amaxesha ukusuka ukolula ngokulinganayo.

Inkqubo yelizwe elinomvuzo weminyaka esi-7 nge-euro eyi-0.14 nge-kWh nganye ingabonisa imbuyekezo yeminyaka esi-8-9 kwiiCanaries nge-0.22 ye-euro kWh, ngaphandle kweendleko eziphezulu zokufakela. Iireyithi eziphezulu azihlawuleli ngokupheleleyo iindleko ezongeziweyo, kodwa zona ukunciphisa isithuba kakhulu.

Uhlalutyo lobuchwephesha olubonisa ngokucacileyo macala omabini ale nxaki-iindleko eziphezulu ngaphambili kodwa ziphezulu ugcino oluqhubekayo-lunceda abathengi baqonde isindululo sexabiso lokwenene.

UkuziSebenzisa ngokuSebenzayo

Imbuyekezo yokuthumela ngaphandle kwegridi kwiiCanaries ibonelela ngeereyithi ezisezantsi kunemarike yelizwe, ukwenza ukuzisebenzisela ngokwakho kubaluleke ngakumbi. Iisistim zokulinganisa ukwandisa umbane osetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo endaweni yokuthunyelwa kwegridi kumazwe angaphandle kuphucula uqoqosho lweprojekthi.

Oku kuhlala kuthetha ukucebisa iinkqubo ezincinci kancinane kunokuba abathengi becinga ekuqaleni, xa imveliso ibiya kwenza kakhulu kudlule ukusetyenziswa.

Uhlalutyo olunzulu lokusetyenziswa kunye nemodeli yemveliso inceda ukuchonga ubungakanani benkqubo efanelekileyo. Izixhobo ngokukhawuleza thelekisa ubungakanani obuninzi-ubonisa indlela iipesenti zokuzisebenzisa, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwegridi, kunye nembuyekezo yemali eyahluka ngayo umthamo-yenza iingxoxo zobungakanani obuqhutywa yidatha ezithintela ubungakanani obugqithisileyo kunye noqoqosho oluphoxayo iyadala.

UQoqosho lokuGcinwa kwebhetri

Ukugcinwa kwebhetri kwenza ingqiqo yezoqoqosho kwiiCanaries kunayo nayiphi na enye indawo eSpain. Umbane ophezulu amaxabiso, ixabiso legridi elinyiniweyo lokuthumela ngaphandle, kunye nenzala yokuzimela kwamandla idibanisa ukudala ugcino olulungileyo ezoqoqosho.

Ngelixa ugcino lusengeza iindleko ezibalulekileyo, isiphakamiso sexabiso sinamandla kuneemarike zelizwe apho ziphantsi amaxabiso kunye nembuyekezo yegridi yokuthumela ngaphandle inciphisa izibonelelo zokugcina.

Abafakeli abaphuhlisa ubuchwephesha bogcino bazibeke ekukhuleni kwemarike njengoko iindleko zebhetri ziqhubeka ukuhla. Nabathengi abangafaki okwangoku indawo yokugcina bayayixabisa abafakeli abanokuthi baxoxe ngokwandiswa kwexesha elizayo iinketho kunye neenkqubo zoyilo kunye nokuhlanganiswa kokugcina engqondweni.

Imvume kunye noQhagamshelwano lweGridi

Imvume yesiQithi kunye neenkqubo zoqhagamshelo lwegridi zilandela izikhokelo zelizwe laseSpain kodwa ngokwengingqi ukuphumeza iiquirks ekufuneka abafaki bahambe ngayo.

Iiyantlukwano zikaMasipala kuzo zonke iziqithi

Isiqithi ngasinye sigcina iindlela zaso zokuvumela imvume, kwaye iimfuno ziyahluka phakathi koomasipala ngokufanayo isiqithi. Izixeko ezikhulu ezifana neSanta Cruz de Tenerife kunye neLas Palmas zineenkqubo ezilungelelanisiweyo ufakelo olusemgangathweni, ngelixa iidolophu ezincinci zinokuba neenkqubo ezingamiselwanga.

Ukwakha ubudlelwane namagosa asekuhlaleni kunye nokuqonda iimfuno ezithile kwiindawo zokusebenza inqanda ukuvumela ukulibaziseka.

Igridi yoQhagamshelwano oluntsonkothileyo

Iigridi ezizimeleyo kunye nomthamo onyiniweyo kuthetha ukuba izinto eziluncedo ziphonononga uqhagamshelo lwegridi ngononophelo ngakumbi kunomhlaba omkhulu izinto eziluncedo ezinegridi ezidityanisiweyo ezinkulu. Ufakelo olukhulu lwentengiso lunokujongana nobugcisa obuneenkcukacha uphononongo kunye neemfuno kuneeprojekthi ezifanayo zelizwe. Ukuqonda iinkxalabo eziluncedo kunye noyilo Ufakelo olujongana neempembelelo zegridi ezinokubakho zithintela ukulibaziseka kolwamkelo.

Imithetho yokusingqongileyo kunye nolwakhiwo

Ezinye iindawo zesiqithi zijongene nemigaqo eyongezelelweyo yokusingqongileyo okanye yokukhusela ilifa elichaphazela ukufakela uyilo. Iindawo ezingaselunxwemeni, iindawo ezikufutshane neepaki zendalo, kunye nezithili zembali zinokuba nezithintelo ezibonakalayo ufakelo okanye ufuna iingqwalasela ezithile zobuhle.

Abafakeli abaziingcali abazaziyo ezi mfuno bayila iinkqubo ezithobelayo kwasekuqaleni kunokuba ejongene neemfuno zokubuyisela emva kofakelo.

Izixhobo zeSiqithi soFakelo lweMpumelelo

Iiprojekthi zeSiqithi zifuna izixhobo eziphucukileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuze zikwazi ukujongana neemeko ezinzima ngelixa zigcina ukusebenza kakuhle iiprojekthi ezincinci apho imida iqinile.

Microclimate-Specific Data

Iiyantlukwano ezimangalisayo kumandla elanga kumgama omfutshane-ukwahlulahlula kweTenerife emantla-emazantsi, iziphumo zokuphakama kuzo zonke iziqithi, iipateni zemozulu yendawo-zifuna idata yokukhanya kwegranular ngaphezulu kwezicelo zelizwe.

Ukuchaneka kwenqanaba leGPS akulunganga nje ukuba nakho, kubalulekile kuqikelelo oluchanekileyo. Isixhobo esisebenzisa ingingqi i-avareji ingaphosa i-20% yemveliso umahluko phakathi kweendawo eziqelelene ngeekhilomitha ezili-15.

Ukufikelela kwiinkcukacha ze-irradiation ezivela kwi-satellite ezithatha ezi microclimates ziqinisekisa ngokuchanekileyo uqikelelo lokusebenza. Xa umahluko wemveliso phakathi kweesayithi ubalulekile, ukuchaneka kwimodeli ichaphazela ngqo ukwaneliseka kwabathengi kunye negama lomfaki.

Gqibezela uhlalutyo lwemeko

Iiprojekthi zeSiqithi zixhamla kuvavanyo olubanzi lwemeko-ubungakanani benkqubo eyahlukeneyo bohluka ngokuzisebenzisa amaxabiso, iinketho zezixhobo zokulinganisa iindleko ngokuchasene nemigangatho yomgangatho waselwandle, kunye-kunye-ngaphandle kokugcinwa uthelekiso, kunye neendlela zokuqhelaniswa nazo xa imiqobo yophahla inciphisa iinketho.

Ukuphonononga ngokucokisekileyo ezi meko kufuna izixhobo ezenza imifuziselo emininzi isebenze kunokuba ixesha elithintelayo.

Amandla okulinganisa angenamkhawulo enza ukuba uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo lufanele iiprojekthi zesiqithi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka malunga neendleko zokuhlalutya zinyanzelela ukuhlola. Umahluko phakathi koyilo olulungileyo nolulungisiweyo mkhulu kwiindawo zesiqithi apho imiqobo iqina kwaye uqoqosho lunovakalelo ngakumbi kwizigqibo zoyilo.

Uqikelelo lwezeMali lweXesha elide

Iindleko eziphezulu zeeprojekthi zeSiqithi kunye neentlawulo ezinde zifuna izixhobo zemali ezinxibelelana ngokufanelekileyo ixesha elide ixabiso.

Uqikelelo lweminyaka engamashumi amabini anesihlanu lubonisa ukonga okongeziweyo, iimeko zokunyuka kwamaxabiso ombane ezibonisa ixabiso hedge, kunye nocazululo ubuntununtunu kwiingqikelelo ezahlukeneyo bonke abaxhasi baqonde utyalo-mali ukuba Isenokujongeka isezantsi kwizibalo ezilula zentlawulo kodwa inyanzelise kubomi benkqubo epheleleyo.

Iingxelo zezemali zobuchwephesha ezibonisa ngokucacileyo izindululo zexabiso leminyaka elishumi zahlula kakhulu abafakeli abavela kwabo banikezela ngeengcaphuno ezisisiseko. Kwiimarike apho iintlawulo ezinde ziyinyani, umgangatho we unxibelelwano lwezemali luba lubalulekileyo kuguqulo.

Ukwakha iSiqithi soShishino lweSolar

Impumelelo kwiimarike zelanga zaseCanary ifuna iindlela zoshishino ezilungelelaniswe neenyani zesiqithi kunokuba nje zibe lula ukutshintshwa kwezicwangciso zelizwe.

Uluhlu lweempahla kunye noLawulo lweKhonkco loNikezelo

Imiceli mngeni yolungiselelo ityhala abafakeli abaphumeleleyo ekugcineni uluhlu lwezixhobo zengingqi ukuze zifane ulungelelwaniso lwenkqubo. Oku kufuna utyalo-mali oluyinkunzi kunye nendawo yokugcina impahla, kodwa inika amandla iprojekthi ephendulayo ufezekiso oluxabisa abathengi kwaye ludala inzuzo yokhuphiswano ngaphezulu kwabafakeli abaxhomekeke kwiprojekthi nganye ukuthunyelwa komhlaba.

Ubudlelwane kunye nokuhanjiswa okuthembekileyo kunye nabathengisi bezithethe bagudisa isixokelelwano sonikezelo lweeodolo ezikhethekileyo kwaye ezinkulu iiprojekthi. Obu buhlakani buba yinxalenye yeziseko ezingundoqo ezisebenzayo ezivumela iprojekthi ethembekileyo ukuhanjiswa.

Isikhundla seNkonzo kunye noLondolozo

Ubunzima benkonzo yewaranti evela kubavelisi belizwe jikelele kudala amathuba kubafaki abafakayo ngokwabo njengamahlakani enkonzo yexesha elide. Ukunikezela ngezivumelwano zokulondolozwa, iinkonzo zokubeka iliso, kunye nokuqinisekiswa amaxesha okuphendula wongeza ingeniso eqhubekayo ngelixa ekwahlula kukhuphiswano lokufakela kunye nokunyamalala.

Olu gxininiso lwenkonzo lufuna iziseko zophuhliso-i-inventri yemoto, ii-spare parts, amagcisa aqeqeshiweyo-kodwa iyakha. amashishini azinzileyo kunemisebenzi yeprojekthi-ngeprojekthi esengozini yokuguquguquka kweemarike.

Imfundo kunye nolindelo oluyinyani

Uninzi lwabathengi beziqithi abanazo iindawo zokubhekisa kwiindleko zelanga kunye nokusebenza, ukuba nokuvezwa okulinganiselweyo kumhlaba omkhulu iimarike.

Abafaki beengcali bathatha iindlela zokufundisa, bechaza ukuba kutheni iindleko zesiqithi zidlula amaxabiso elizwe, ebonisa amandla emveliso kunye nedatha yendawo ethile, ukuxoxa ngokunyanisekileyo ngamaxesha okubuyisela, kunye ebonisa idatha yokusebenza yokwenyani kusukelo olukhoyo lwasekuhlaleni.

Oku kungafihlwa kwakha intembeko ephumelela iiprojekthi kwaye ivelise ukuthunyelwa. Abathengi bayayixabisa inyani izinto ezilindelekileyo kwizithembiso eziphakamileyo, kwaye zihlala zanelisekile xa iinkqubo zisebenza njengoko kuqikelelwe kunokuba kuyadanisa xa kuthelekiswa noqikelelo olungeyonyani.

Ithuba leSiqithi