Amandla eSolar eSpain: Umhlahlandlela Wochwepheshe wabafaki Nezinkampani zeSolar

Kungani iSpain iyi-Solar Energy Powerhouse

Isimo sendawo yeSpain nesimo sezulu siyenza ibe enye yezindawo ezihamba phambili e-Europe zokukhiqiza amandla elanga. Izwe lithola phakathi kuka-1,200 kanye no-1,900 kWh/m² wonyaka wokushiswa kwelanga, kuye ngendawo.

Lo mthombo welanga oyingqayizivele, ohlanganiswe nezinqubomgomo ezisekelayo zikahulumeni kanye nokwehla kwezindleko zokufaka, udala indawo ephumelelayo yamaphrojekthi we-photovoltaic.

Uhulumeni waseSpain uzibophezele ekuzuzeni ugesi ovuselelekayo ongu-74% ngo-2030, ngamandla elanga adlala indima ebalulekile kulolu shintsho. Kubafaki belanga nezinkampani, lokhu kumelela ithuba lemakethe elibalulekile elihlanganisa izindawo zokuhlala, ezentengiselwano, kanye namaphrojekthi esikali esisetshenziswayo.

Ukuqonda ukuhlukahluka kwesifunda kwamandla elanga kubalulekile ukuze kuphakanyiswe amaphrojekthi anembile futhi kukhuliswe ukusebenza kwesistimu.

Amandla eSolar Wesifunda kulo lonke elaseSpain

Amandla elanga laseSpain ahluka kakhulu ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene, athonywe ububanzi, ukuphakama, kanye namaphethini wesimo sezulu wendawo. Abafaki abangochwepheshe kufanele balandise ngalo mehluko wesifunda lapho beklama amasistimu elanga futhi belungiselela ukuqagela kwezezimali kumakhasimende.

I-Southern Spain: I-Maximum Solar Irradiation

Izifunda eziseningizimu yeSpain, ikakhulukazi i-Andalusia, zithola amazinga aphezulu kakhulu emisebe yelanga ezweni. Amadolobha afana ne-Seville, i-Malaga, ne-Granada athola amazinga okufaka imisebe minyaka yonke angaphezu kuka-1,800 kWh/m², okwenza le ndawo ilungele kokubili amapulazi amakhulu elanga kanye nokufakwa kwezindawo zokuhlala.

Ukukhanya kwelanga okungaguquki kanye nokumbozwa kwamafu okuncane unyaka wonke kubangela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okubikezelwa kakhulu, okubaluleke kakhulu lapho kwethulwa izibalo ze-ROI kumakhasimende.

Ukuze uthole ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kwamathuba elanga kulesi sifunda, hlola umhlahlandlela wethu ophelele wokuthi amandla elanga e-Andalusia, okufaka idatha ye-irradiation eqondene nedolobha nokucatshangelwa kokufaka.

I-Central Spain: I-Madrid nezindawo ezizungezile

Isifunda esimaphakathi, esisekelwe yiMadrid, sinikeza amandla amahle kakhulu elanga ngokushisa kwemisebe yonyaka okulinganiselwa ku-1,600-1,700 kWh/m². Isimo sezulu sezwekazi siletha ihlobo elishisayo nobusika obubandayo, okudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwama-coefficients okushisa lapho kukhethwa amamojula e-photovoltaic.

Isikhundla seMadrid njengenhloko-dolobha yaseSpain kanye nedolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke sidala isidingo esikhulu sokufakwa kwelanga lezentengiselwano nelezindawo zokuhlala.

Izifaki ezingochwepheshe ezisebenza kule makethe kufanele zibheke umhlahlandlela wethu onemininingwane wokuthi ukufakwa kwephaneli yelanga eMadrid ngedatha yokusebenza okuqondene nesifunda nokucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe.

I-Mediterranean Coast: i-Barcelona ne-Valencia

Ugu lwaseSpain lwaseMedithera, okuhlanganisa amadolobha amakhulu njengeBarcelona neValencia, luhlanganisa izimo zelanga ezivumayo nokuminyana kwabantu abaningi kanye nomsebenzi oqinile wezohwebo. Ukushiswa kwemisebe minyaka yonke kusuka ku-1,500 kuye ku-1,700 kWh/m², ngenzuzo eyengeziwe yamazinga okushisa amaphakathi angathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-photovoltaic uma kuqhathaniswa nezifunda ezishisayo ezimaphakathi nezwe.

Isifunda sase-Catalonia besimatasa kakhulu ekukhuthazeni amandla avuselelekayo, sidala izikhuthazo ezengeziwe zokufakwa kwamandla elanga. Umhlahlandlela wethu uvuliwe amandla elanga e-Barcelona inikeza idatha ephelele yabafaki abasebenza enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Spain.

Ngokufanayo, isifunda saseValencia sinikeza amathuba amahle kakhulu ogwini lwaseMedithera. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokucatshangelwa okuthile esihlokweni sethu Valencia solar umhlahlandlela wokufaka.

INyakatho yeSpain: Izwe laseBasque kanye ne-Atlantic Coast

Ngenkathi inyakatho yeSpain ithola imisebe ephansi yonyaka uma iqhathaniswa nezifunda eziseningizimu (cishe i-1,200-1,400 kWh/m²), isanikeza amathuba asebenzayo elanga. Isimo sezulu sase-Atlantic siletha ikhava yefu eyengeziwe, kodwa izinhlelo zesimanje ze-photovoltaic zisebenza kahle ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo zokukhanya ezihlukanisiwe.

Amazinga okushisa apholile kulesi sifunda angazuzisa ukusebenza kahle kwamaphaneli elanga phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo.

Abafaki abasebenza enyakatho yeSpain kufanele babuyekeze umhlahlandlela wethu okhethekile ngamandla elanga e-Basque Country ukuqonda izici eziyingqayizivele zale makethe.

Izindawo Zesiqhingi: Iziqhingi zaseCanary

Iziqhingi zaseCanary zinikeza amathuba ayingqayizivele amandla elanga ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga unyaka wonke kanye namagridi kagesi angawodwa. Ngokusetshenziswa kwemisebe yonyaka engaphezu kuka-1,800 kWh/m² ezindaweni eziningi kanye nezindleko zikagesi eziphakeme, ukufakwa kwe-solar kuvame ukukhombisa imbuyiselo emangalisayo ekutshalweni kwezimali. Kodwa-ke, amaphrojekthi eziqhingi adinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile kwezokuthutha, ukugqwala komoya kasawoti, kanye nemikhawulo yokuxhumeka kwegridi.

Kwabafaki abanentshisekelo kumaphrojekthi elanga esiqhingini, umhlahlandlela wethu ophelele kokuthi amaphaneli elanga eCanary Islands ihlanganisa konke okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile kwezobuchwepheshe nokusebenzayo.

Ungawafaka Kanjani Ngempumelelo Amasistimu Amandla Elanga eSpain

Isinyathelo 1: Qonda Amandla Wesifunda Solar

Hlaziya ukuhlukahluka kwesifunda saseSpain emisebe yelanga. Izifunda eziseningizimu njenge-Andalusia zithola u-1,800+ kWh/m² ngonyaka, izifunda ezimaphakathi njengeMadrid isilinganiso esingu-1,600-1,700 kWh/m², ugu lwaseMedithera lusukela ku-1,500-1,700 kWh/m², kanti izifunda ezisenyakatho zithola u-1,200-1,400 kW/m². Bala lo mehluko lapho uklama amasistimu futhi ulungiselela iziphakamiso.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Thola Idatha Enembile Yokushiswa Kwendawo Eqondile

Sebenzisa amathuluzi okubala elanga anobungcweti bemininingwane ebanzi yokukhanya okuhlanganisa zonke izifunda zaseSpain. Finyelela idatha eqondene ne-GPS ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi iziphakamiso zibonisa izimo zangempela zesayithi kunezilinganiso zesifunda. Yenza ukulingisa okungenamkhawulo ukuze uthuthukise iphrojekthi ngayinye.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Lungiselela Ukuma Kwesistimu futhi Tshekisa

Thola ama-engeli wokutsheka alungile phakathi kuka-30° no-38° ngokusekelwe kububanzi (36°N ukuya ku-43°N). Cabangela amaphethini okusetshenziswa kweklayenti: ama-engeli atshekile aphansi wemithwalo esindayo yasehlobo, ukutsheka okuphakeme kakhulu kokukhiqizwa kwasebusika. Sebenzisa ukumodela okuphrofeshinali ukuze ulinganise ukuhwebelana futhi usekele ukuthathwa kwezinqumo okuqhutshwa idatha.

Isinyathelo sesi-4: I-akhawunti Yezinga Lokushisa Nemiphumela Yesimo Sezulu

Isici ehlobo elishisayo laseSpain lapho izinga lokushisa lophahla lingadlula u-60°C, linciphise ukusebenza kahle ngo-10-15%. Khetha amamojula anama-coefficients okushisa aphansi (ngezansi -0.40%/°C) futhi uqinisekise ukungena komoya okwanele. I-akhawunti yamazinga okushisa angempela okusebenza ekufaniseni ukusebenza.

Isinyathelo sesi-5: Yenza Ukuhlola Okuphelele Kwesayithi

Linganisa isimo sophahla namandla esakhiwo, hlaziya amaphethini okufiphaza unyaka wonke, hlola umthamo wesevisi kagesi, unqume ukubekwa kwesistimu okuphelele, futhi ubhale ngezithombe ezimakiwe nge-GPS. Ukuhlola okuphelele kuvimbela izinkinga zokufaka futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesistimu.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Zokufakwa Kwe-Solar Professional e-Spain

Amaphrojekthi aphumelelayo wamandla elanga e-Spain adinga ukunakwa kwezinto eziningi zobuchwepheshe nezokulawula. Izifaki ezingochwepheshe kufanele zizulazule kulokhu kucatshangwa ngenkathi ziletha iziphakamiso ezinembile nokusebenza kwesistimu okuthembekile.

Idatha ye-Irradiation enembile kanye nemodeli yokusebenza

Isisekelo sanoma isiphi isiphakamiso sobuchwepheshe belanga siyidatha enembile yemisebe kanye nokumodela kokusebenza. Ukusebenzisa idatha eqondile yendawo ethile kuvumela abafaki ukuthi banikeze izilinganiso zokukhiqiza ezingokoqobo, bagweme ukuthembisa ngokweqile kumakhasimende, futhi bathuthukise ukwakheka kwesistimu ukuze kusebenze kahle kakhulu.

Ukwehluka okuncane kwe-engeli yokutsheka, ukuma, noma ukuthungatha kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizeni konyaka, okwenza ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kubalulekile.

Amathuluzi wokubala welanga asebenzayo anika amandla abafaki ukuthi balingise ukulungiselelwa kwesistimu okuhlukile ngokushesha, baqhathanise izinketho, futhi bakhiqize imibiko yobungcweti eyakha ukuzethemba kweklayenti. Ukufinyelela ezilinganisweni ezingenamkhawulo endaweni ngayinye ye-GPS kuvumela ukwenziwa ngokugcwele okuphelele kwephrojekthi ngayinye ngaphandle kwemingcele yesikhathi.

Ukuma Kwesistimu Okulungile kanye Nokutshekisa

Ngenkathi ukufakwa okubheke eningizimu okunama-engeli e-tilt afana ne-latitude ngokuvamile kukhulisa ukukhiqizwa konyaka, amaphrojekthi omhlaba wangempela ngokuvamile adinga ukuyekethisa. Imikhawulo yophahla, amaphethini wokufiphaza, namaphrofayela okusetshenziswa kungase kuthande okunye ukuqondiswa.

Ebangeni le-latitude yase-Spain (cishe u-36°N ukuya ku-43°N), ama-engeli wokutsheka afaneleka ngokuvamile awela phakathi kuka-30° no-38° ngokukhiqiza unyaka wonke.

Kumakhasimende asebenzisa inani eliphakeme kakhulu phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo, njengamabhizinisi anemithwalo ye-air conditioning, ama-engeli atshekile aphansi angase afane kangcono nokukhiqizwa nokufunwa. Ngokuphambene, amaklayenti ahlala afuna ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwasebusika angase azuze ekutshekeni okuphakeme. Amathuluzi wokumodela ochwepheshe asiza ukulinganisa lokhu kushintshaniswa kanye nokusekela ukuthathwa kwezinqumo okuqhutshwa idatha.

Izinguquko Zenyanga Nezinkathi Zokukhiqiza

Ukuqonda ukuhlukahluka kokukhiqizwa kwanyanga zonke kubalulekile ekusetheni okunembile okulindelwe amaklayenti kanye namasistimu okulinganisa ngokufanele. E-Spain, ukukhiqizwa kwe-solar ngokuvamile kuphakama ngoJuni noJulayi, ngo-December no-January okubonisa okukhiphayo okuphansi kakhulu.

Isilinganiso phakathi kokukhiqizwa kwehlobo nobusika siyahlukahluka ngokwezifunda, izindawo ezisenyakatho zithola ukuhluka kwesizini okugqame kakhulu kunezindawo eziseningizimu.

Ukunikeza amaklayenti ngezilinganiso zokukhiqiza zanyanga zonke ezinemininingwane kuwasiza aqonde amanani awo okudla okulindelekile, amavolumu okuthunyelwa kwegridi, kanye nezikhathi zokukhokha. Leli zinga lemininingwane lihlukanisa abafaki abangochwepheshe kusukela kwabaqhudelana nabo abangochwepheshe futhi linciphisa izingxabano zangemva kokufaka.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezimali kanye Nezibalo ze-ROI

Ukuhlaziywa kwezimali okuphelele kuhlukanisa izinkampani eziphumelelayo zelanga kulabo abadonsa kanzima ukuvala amadili. Iziphakamiso zobungcweti kufanele zibandakanye izimo zezimali eziningi: ukuthenga imali, izinketho zezimali, izinhlelo zokuqashisa, namazinga ahlukahlukene okusebenzisa wena.

Amakhasimende aseSpain aya ngokuya eqonda ezomnotho elanga futhi alindele ukuqagela kwezimali okuningiliziwe okubonisa izikhathi zokukhokha, izinga langaphakathi lembuyiselo, kanye nengqikithi yenani lamanje.

Amathuluzi okumodela ezezimali athuthukisiwe avumela abafaki ukuthi bakhiqize ngokushesha izimo eziningi, ezihlanganisa amanani entengo kagesi wesifunda, amaphesenti okusebenzisa wena ngokwakho, kanye nezibonelelo ezitholakalayo. Ikhono lokuqhathanisa izinketho zezimali zihlangene zisiza amaklayenti enze izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi asheshise inqubo yokuthengisa.

Uhlaka Lokulawula kanye Nezinzuzo

Imvelo yaseSpain yokulawula amandla elanga iye yavela kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva, okwenza indawo ekahle yokufakwa kwe-photovoltaic. Ukuqonda imithetho yamanje kanye nezinxephezelo ezitholakalayo kubalulekile kubafaki abangochwepheshe.

I-Net Metering kanye ne-Self-Consumption Regulations

Imithetho yaseSpain yokuzithengela yona ivumela amakhasimende ahlala nawokuhweba ukuthi anciphise ukusetshenziswa kwawo kukagesi ngokukhiqiza ilanga, nesinxephezelo samandla asalayo abuyiselwe kugridi.

Uhlaka lokulawula luhlukanisa phakathi kokuzithengela komuntu ngamunye kanye nokuzisebenzisela ndawonye, ​​lokhu kwenza abathengi abaningi babelane ngomkhiqizo osuka ekufakweni okukodwa.

Izinqubo zokuphatha zokuxhuma amasistimu sonozungezilanga zenziwe zaba lula, kwehliswa imigoqo ye-bureaucratic kubafaki namakhasimende. Nokho, ukuhlukahluka kwesifunda kukhona ekusetshenzisweni, okwenza kubaluleke ukuqonda izidingo zasendaweni endaweni yakho yokusebenza.

Izibonelelo Ezitholakalayo Nezinzuzo Zentela

Izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zikazwelonke nezesifunda zihlinzeka ngosekelo lwezezimali lokufakwa kwelanga e-Spain. Lokhu kufaka phakathi uxhaso oluqondile, ukudonswa kwentela, nezinketho zezimali ezincanyelwayo. Izikhuthazo ezithile ezitholakalayo ziyahlukahluka ngendawo, usayizi wephrojekthi, nohlobo lokufakwa.

Izifaki ezingochwepheshe kufanele zigcine ulwazi lwamanje lwezinhlelo ezitholakalayo ukuze kwandiswe inani kumakhasimende.

Izimali ze-Next Generation EU zabele izinsiza ezibalulekile kumaphrojekthi wamandla avuselelekayo eSpain, okudala amathuba engeziwe kukho kokubili ukufakwa kwezindawo zokuhlala nezokuthengisa. Ukufaka izinxephezelo ezitholakalayo eziphakamisweni zezimali kungathuthukisa kakhulu umnotho wamaphrojekthi futhi kukhuphule izinga lokuguqulwa.

Ukucatshangelwa Kobuchwepheshe Kokufakwa Kwe-Solar yaseSpain

Isimo sezulu sase-Spain nesimo sokulawula sidala ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile okufanele abafaki abangochwepheshe okufanele bakubheke.

Izinga Lokushisa Ezithinta Ukusebenza

Ukushisa kwehlobo laseSpain kungaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwe-photovoltaic, njengoba amaphaneli elanga elahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle emazingeni okushisa aphakeme. Amamojula esimanje ngokuvamile abonisa izinga lokushisa elingu-0.35% ukuya ku--0.45% ngedigri Celsius engaphezu kuka-25°C.

Eningizimu yeSpain, lapho amazinga okushisa ophahleni angadlula ku-60°C ehlobo, lokhu kunganciphisa ukukhishwa kwamandla aphezulu ngo-10-15% uma kuqhathaniswa nezimo zokuhlola ezijwayelekile.

Ukukhetha amamojula anama-coefficients okushisa aphansi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukungena komoya okwanele ngaphansi kwamalungu afanayo afakwe ophahleni kusiza ukunciphisa lo mphumela. Imodeli yokusebenza kufanele ibhekane nezinga lokushisa langempela lokusebenza kunokuthatha izimo zokuhlola ezijwayelekile ukuze kuhlinzekwe izilinganiso zokukhiqiza ezingokoqobo.

Uthuli Nemiphumela Yokungcolisa

Izifunda eziningi e-Spain ziba nezikhathi ezomile ezinemvula elinganiselwe, okuholela ekunqwabeleni kothuli kumaphaneli elanga. Ukutshala kunganciphisa umphumela ngo-3-7% ezimeni ezijwayelekile, ngokulahleka okuphezulu ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinothuli noma ngezikhathi ezomile ezinwetshiwe. Ezinye izindawo eziseduze nezindawo zezolimo noma izindawo zokwakha zingase zibe nokungcoliswa okukhulu.

Imiklamo yesistimu yobungcweti kufanele ibale ukulahlekelwa kokungcolisa okulindelekile futhi ihlanganise nezinhlinzeko zokuhlanza ngezikhathi ezithile ezivumelwaneni zokunakekela. Ukufundisa amaklayenti mayelana nezidingo zokuhlanza kusiza ukugcina ukusebenza kwesistimu futhi kuvimbele ukudumala lapho ukukhiqizwa kwehlela ngaphansi kokuqagela okulindelwe.

Izidingo Zokuxhunywa Kwegridi

Imithetho yokuxhumeka kwegridi yaseSpain idinga izici ezithile zobuchwepheshe zama-solar inverters, okuhlanganisa ukuvikela okulwa nesiqhingi, izindinganiso zekhwalithi yamandla, namandla okuqapha akude. Ukukhethwa kwesiguquli kufanele kuthobelane namakhodi egridi yeSpanishi nanoma yiziphi izimfuneko ezengeziwe ezibekwe izinsiza zasendaweni.

Amaphrojekthi amakhulu okuhweba kanye nesilinganiso sosizo abhekana nezidingo ezengeziwe zokuxhunywa kwegridi, okuhlanganisa ukulawula amandla asebenzayo namandla okusekela amandla kagesi. Ukuqonda lezi zidingo ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuklama kuvimbela ukuguqulwa okumba eqolo ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Amathuluzi Ochwepheshe Izifaki Zelanga

Ubunkimbinkimbi bemiklamo yesimanje yelanga bufuna ukubala okuyinkimbinkimbi namathuluzi okumodela. Izifaki ezingochwepheshe zidinga amakhono angaphezu kwezibali zokulinganisa eziyisisekelo ukuze zilethe iziphakamiso ezincintisanayo nokusebenza kwesistimu okuthembekile.

Izici ezibalulekile zeProfessional Solar Software

Isofthiwe ye-solar yezinga lochwepheshe kufanele ihlinzeke ngemininingwane yolwazi enembile yokuthela imisebe ehlanganisa zonke izifunda zase-Spanish, ukubalwa kwemodeli yokusebenza enemininingwane yemiphumela yezinga lokushisa nokulahlekelwa, amandla okuhlaziya ezezimali anezimo eziningi, kanye nokukhiqizwa kombiko wochwepheshe ofanele izethulo zamakhasimende.

Amandla okwenza ukulingisa okungenamkhawulo anika amandla ukuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi okuphelele ngaphandle kwemingcele yokuhamba komsebenzi.

Izici ezithuthukisiwe ezibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kochwepheshe zihlanganisa amaphrofayili okukhiqiza anyanga zonke kanye nansuku zonke, amakhono okuhlaziya i-shading, ukuqhathaniswa kwezinketho ezihlukene zokukhweza, kanye nokumodela okuningiliziwe kwezezimali okuhlanganisa nezindlela zokukhokha ezihlukahlukene. Ukufinyelela kulawa makhono kuqondisa inqubo yesiphakamiso futhi kusekele ukuthathwa kwezinqumo okuqhutshwa idatha.

Ukuthuthukisa Ukugeleza Kwephrojekthi Yephrojekthi

Ukugeleza komsebenzi okusebenzayo kubalulekile ekugcineni inzuzo ezimakethe ezincintisanayo. Amathuluzi ochwepheshe kufanele ahlanganiswe ngaphandle komthungo ezinqubweni ezikhona, kusukela ekuhlolweni kokuqala kwesayithi ukuya ekwethulweni kokugcina kweklayenti.

Ikhono lokukhiqiza ngokushesha ezinye izindlela zokuklama eziningi kanye nezimo zezezimali kunciphisa isikhathi sokulungiselela isiphakamiso ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ikhwalithi.

Ezinkampanini zesola ezilawula izifaki eziningi namaphrojekthi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, izici ezifana nokuphathwa kwefayela lephrojekthi, ukulandelela umlando wokulingisa, nezifanekiso zombiko ezisezingeni ziqinisekisa ukuvumelana futhi zenza kube lula ukwabelana ngolwazi eqenjini lonke. Amathuluzi ochwepheshe kufanele asekele kunokuba axabanise ukugeleza komsebenzi okukhona.

Isethulo Seklayenti Nokwesekwa Kokuthengisa

Ukuguqula umkhondo ube yizinkontileka ezisayiniwe kudinga izinto ezisebenzayo zokwethulwa ezakha ukuzethemba kwamakhasimende. Imibiko yekhwalithi ephezulu enokubonwa okucacile kwedatha yokukhiqiza, ukuqagela kwezezimali, kanye nokucaciswa kwesistimu kusiza amaklayenti aqonde isiphakamiso senani futhi enze izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Ikhono lokukhiqiza ngokushesha iziphakamiso ezibuyekeziwe phakathi nemihlangano yamakhasimende, ukulungisa usayizi wesistimu noma ukucabanga kwezezimali ekuphenduleni impendulo yeklayenti, kungaba umehluko phakathi kokuvala isivumelwano nokulahlekelwa izimbangi. Amathuluzi ochwepheshe anika amandla lokhu kuvumelana nezimo anikeza inzuzo enkulu yokuncintisana.

Amathrendi Emakethe Namathuba

Imakethe yelanga yaseSpain iyaqhubeka nokuvela, idala amathuba amasha kubafaki abahlala ngaphambi kwamathrendi.

Ukukhula Kwezindawo Zokuhlala Zokuzidla

Ukufakwa kokuzisebenzisela indawo yokuhlala kumele ingxenye ekhula ngokushesha yemakethe yelanga yaseSpain. Ukukhuphuka kwamanani kagesi kuhlangene nokwehla kwezindleko zokuwufaka kudale umnotho ophoqayo kubanikazi bezindlu.

Le ngxenye ngokuvamile ihlanganisa amaphrojekthi amancane (3-10 kW) kodwa inikeza amandla evolumu ephezulu kanye nokugeleza kwemali okuzinzile kubafaki.

Izifaki zezindlu zokuhlala eziphumelelayo zigxila ezinqubweni ezilula, izethulo ezichwepheshile, kanye nesevisi yamakhasimende enhle kakhulu ukuze kukhiqizwe ukudluliselwa nokugcina amazinga aphezulu okuguqulwa. Ikhono lokulungiselela ngokushesha iziphakamiso ezinembile ngokuhlaziywa kwezimali kochwepheshe libalulekile kule ngxenye yokuncintisana.

Amaphrojekthi Ezohwebo Nezimboni

Ukufakwa kwezentengiso nezimboni kunikeza osayizi bephrojekthi abakhulu kanye namamajini angaba phezulu. Lawa maklayenti ngokuvamile afuna ukuhlaziywa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuhlanganisa ukufanisa ukusetshenziswa okunemininingwane, izinketho eziningi zezimali, nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo ezikhona zokuphatha amandla.

Izifaki ezingochwepheshe ezinamakhono aqinile ezobuchwepheshe kanye namakhono okuhlaziya izimali zimi kahle ukuze zibambe le makethe.

Ukuthambekela ezivumelwaneni zokuthengwa kwamandla (ama-PPA) emkhakheni wezohwebo kudala amathuba okuba abafaki bathuthukise ukusakazwa kwemali engenayo okuphindelelayo kunezinkokhelo zokufaka zesikhathi esisodwa. Impumelelo kule modeli idinga isibikezelo sokukhiqiza sesikhathi eside esinembile kanye nokumodela okuqinile kwezezimali.

I-Solar yomphakathi kanye nokuzisebenzisela ngokuhlanganyela

Imithetho yaseSpain eyenza ukuthi abantu bazithengele ndawonye ivule amathuba amasha emakethe, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezinezakhiwo zokuhlala. Lawa maphrojekthi avumela abathengi abaningi ukuthi babelane ngokukhiqiza kusuka ekufakweni okukodwa, benqoba izithiyo zabahlali ngaphandle kophahla olufanele lwezinhlelo ngazinye.

Amaphrojekthi okuzithengela ngokuhlanganyela adinga ukuhlaziya ngokucophelela amaphethini okusetshenziswa, izinhlelo zokwabelana ngokukhiqiza, nokusatshalaliswa kwezimali phakathi kwabahlanganyeli. Amathuluzi ochwepheshe angamodela lezi zimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ahlinzeka ngenzuzo enkulu kule ngxenye yezimakethe ezivelayo.

Imikhuba Engcono Kakhulu Yezifaki Zelanga ZaseSpain

Impumelelo emakethe yelanga eqhudelanayo yaseSpain idinga ukunakwa kwezobuchwepheshe, isevisi yamakhasimende, kanye nokusebenza kahle.

Ukulinganisa Kwesistimu Okunembile kanye Nokulindelwe Okungokoqobo

Ukukhiqiza okuthembisa ngokweqile noma i-ROI kudala amakhasimende anganelisekile futhi kulimaze isithunzi. Izifaki ezingochwepheshe zibeka phambili ukumodela okunembile, ukuqagela kokulahlekelwa okuvamile, nokuxhumana okucacile mayelana nokuhluka kokusebenza okulindelekile. Ukusebenzisa idatha yokufakwa kwemisebe eqinisekisiwe namathuluzi wokumodela aphelele kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu afakiwe ahlangabezana noma adlule izilinganiso.

Ukunikeza amakhasimende iziqinisekiso zokukhiqiza ezisekelwe ekumodeleni okungokoqobo, esikhundleni sezilinganiso ezinethemba, kwakha ukwethembana futhi kunciphisa izinkinga zangemuva kokufakwa. Umshwalense wesibopho sezomthetho kanye neziqinisekiso zokukhiqiza zikhombisa ukuzibophezela kwikhwalithi nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.

Ukuhlola Okuphelele Kwesayithi

Ukuhlolwa kwesayithi okuphelele kuvimbela izinkinga ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokusebenza. Izifaki ezingochwepheshe zihlola isimo sophahla, umthamo wesakhiwo, amaphethini omthunzi unyaka wonke, umthamo wesevisi kagesi, nokubekwa kwesistimu okuphelele ngaphambi kokulungiselela iziphakamiso zokugcina. Lokhu kukhuthala kuvimbela imiyalo yoshintsho, ukweqiwa kwesabelomali, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu.

Amathuluzi edijithali anika amandla imibhalo yesayithi esheshayo, okuhlanganisa izithombe ezinezixhumanisi ze-GPS, alula inqubo yokuhlola kuyilapho eqinisekisa ulwazi oluphelele lokuklanywa kwesistimu nezimvume.

Imibhalo yobungcweti kanye nokubika

Amadokhumenti ekhwalithi ephezulu ahlukanisa abafaki abangochwepheshe kulabo abancintisana nabo abangahlakaniphile. Iziphakamiso ezibanzi kufanele zibandakanye idatha yokuthela ngemisebe yesayithi ethile, ukucaciswa kwesistimu enemininingwane, izilinganiso ezicacile zokukhiqiza ezinokwehlukana kwanyanga zonke, ukuhlaziywa kwezimali okusobala okunezimo eziningi, kanye nemidwebo yesistimu nezakhiwo ezichwepheshile.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali kumathuluzi amadokhumenti achwepheshile kukhokha izinzuzo ngamazinga aphezulu okuguqulwa, izingxabano ezimbalwa zangemuva kokuthengisa, kanye nesithunzi senkampani esithuthukisiwe. Amaklayenti aya ngokuya elindela leli zinga lobungcweti futhi angase abuze abafaki abangakwazi ukukunikeza.

Isiphetho: Ukubeka Isikhundla Sempumelelo Emakethe Yelanga YaseSpain

Imakethe yamandla elanga yaseSpain inikezela ngamathuba amakhulu kubafaki abangochwepheshe nezinkampani zelanga ezihlonyiswe ngolwazi olufanele, amathuluzi nezinqubo. Ukuqonda ukuhlukahluka kwesifunda kwamandla elanga, ukuzulazula endaweni yokulawula, nokuhlinzeka ngokuhlaziywa okunembile kwezobuchwepheshe nezezimali kubalulekile ukuze uphumelele.

Umehluko oyinhloko ezimakethe ezincintisanayo yikhono lokuletha iziphakamiso zekhwalithi yochwepheshe ngokushesha, okusekelwe idatha enembile nokuhlaziya okuyinkimbinkimbi. Abafaki abatshala imali kumathuluzi aqeqeshiwe nezinqubo bazibeka esimweni sokuthwebula isabelo semakethe, bagcine amamajini anempilo, futhi bakhe amabhizinisi asimeme njengoba i-Spain iqhubeka noshintsho lwamandla avuselelekayo.

Ukuthi ufaka amaphaneli elanga eMadrid, uthuthukisa amaphrojekthi ngaphakathi Indawo yase-Andalusia ecebile ngelanga, sisebenza eduze Ugu lwaseCatalonia, ukukhonza i Isifunda saseValencia, esebenza ku enyakatho yeSpain, noma ukubhekana namaphrojekthi esiqhingi ahlukile Iziqhingi zaseCanary, ukuba nokufinyelela kudatha yesifunda enembile namathuluzi okubala angochwepheshe kuqondisa ukuhamba kwakho komsebenzi futhi kuthuthukisa isikhundla sakho sokuncintisana.

Imakethe yelanga yaseSpain izoqhubeka nokukhula iminyaka ezayo. Izifaki ezingochwepheshe ezihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokusebenza, ukusebenza kahle, namathuluzi okuhlaziya asezingeni eliphezulu abekwe kahle ukuze aphumelele kulo mkhakha oguquguqukayo nozuzisayo.